Chemical synthesis; In this paper, for the first time, we have presented a new alternative scheme for synthesis of S Reichstein substance from the pregnyne, which has been synthesized from sterols via 17-ketosteroids. Structure of the product and intermediates has been confirmed by Mp, [a]D, IR, MS and HMR spectra. This research was supported by the international Foundation for Science Stockholm, Sweden, and Organization for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, The Hague, The Netherlands, through a grant to Dr. Luu Duc Huy.
Chemical synthesis ; 5,10-seco-19-norpregn-5-yne-3,10,20-trione

In this paper, for the first time, we have presented a new alternative scheme for synthesis of S Reichstein substance from the pregnyne, which has been synthesized from sterols via 17-ketosteroids. Structure of the product and intermediates has been confirmed by Mp, [a]D, IR, MS and HMR spectra. This research was supported by the international Foundation for Science Stockholm, Sweden, and the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, The Hague, The Netherlands, through a grant to Dr. Luu Duc Huy.
Chemical synthesis ; 5,10-seco-19-norpregn-5-yne-3,10,20-trione

Researching synthetic method of Dehydropregnenolon acetat (DPA, 3β-acetoxy-pregn-5, 16-dien-20-on) from 3β- acetoxy-pregn-5-en 17β-ol-20-yn, a conclusion is given that using this method dicobalt hexacarbonyl was created in the first time in group acethylen, 3β- acetoxy-pregn-5-en 17β-ol-20-yn is synthesized with good output from equivalent 17β- hydroxy derivative. Respond not attach generates auxiliary products like known methods. Through two methods hydrating and hydrating in gentle conditions, dehydro pregnenolon acetat is synthesized with quite good output from 3β- acetoxy-pregn-5-en 17β-ol-20-yn. Intermediary compounds and final products characterized by melt point, infared spectrum, proton magnetic spectrum and weight spectrum
Pregnenolone ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

From androst- 4,9(11)-dien-3,17-dion the synthesis of ethynylsteroid 17 alpha-pregn-11beta, 17-beta-diol-4-en-3-on20-yn was performed with a productivity of 68%. The 17 alpha-ethynylzition gave a productivity of 90%. The by product is 4% of 17 beta- ethynylization product. The product was identified by melting point, IR spectrum, proton magnetic resonance spectrum and mass spectrum
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Pharmacology ; Androstenedione

Background: According to WHO, there are 5 million deaths from kinds of injury a year in the world, of which 875000 deaths occur in children under 18 years old. Injury leads to 40000 deaths which account for 10.7% deaths due to all other causes a year in VietNam. Objective: To show conclusions of the situation of child injury, recommendations for prevention of child injury and methods in order to enhance emergency activity in Vietnam. Subjects and method: The authors collected information about all patients who had emergencies due to injury at Viet Duc hospital, from March 26th 2006 to Octorber 26th 2006. However, supervised cases were the patients under 18 years old who were examined and treated at the Department of Emergency. Results: During the period of study, 2536 patients under 18 years old were examined for injury, of which death and coming back home for death were 83 cases (3.27%). 974 children had emergency resulted from injury: male was more than female: 697 verus 227. The leading causes of child injury were fall and traffic accident, respetively 34% and 60%. The most common traumas were traumatic brain injury (45%), limbs injury (41%). Although most of cases had first aid at the hospitals in district or province level, the rate of non-first aid cases was high (34%). Conclusion: Child injury is a leading cause of child death in hospitals. Methods for prevention of child injury should focus on educating and propagandizing to minimize injuries caused by traffic accident and fall.
Wounds and Injuries ; Child