Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple organ systems that is characterized by the occurrence of antibodies directed against antigens. In this study, we mention 2 matters as following: (1) General conclusion on clinical manifestation and subjects of SLE patients treated in the Allergy-Immune Department of Bachmai Hospital from 1996-2000. (2) The role of immune tests for SLE patients, especially Combs and erythrocytic existing tests for SLE patients with anemia. We study 438 patients with clinical manifestation and subsets, researched document of 418 patients and carried out Combs and erythrocytic existing tests in 20 SLE patients treated in Allergy-Immune Department of Bachmai hospital. SLE are found mainly in woman (93.6%), concentrating in the child-bearing age. Hematological disorders (83.8%), "butterfly" rashes (81.9%), arthritis (81.2%) and renal damages (78.5%) are common symptoms. Positive nuclear antibodies occur in 76.3% of patients, antibodies to DNA in 60.5% and LE cell in 40.9%. The rater of 50% of patients with positive Combs test and 55% of patients with damaged erythocytic membranes have played an important role in demonstrating the hemolytic mechanism in SLE patients.
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Therapy

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organ systems, presenting a complex and diverse clinical manifestation. The heterogeneous treatment response and prognosis of SLE pose significant challenges to its diagnosis, classification, and homogeneous treatment. The emergence of new technologies and fields, such as synthetic biology, genomics, and proteomics, has contributed to a deeper exploration of the pathogenesis and biomarkers of SLE, facilitating precision diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes the latest research data and achievements in SLE for the years 2021-2022, providing an overview and summary of relevant studies conducted in the past two years.
Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/therapy* ; Proteomics

Atherosclerosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; pathology ; therapy

Child ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) represent a form of cell death distinct from apoptosis or necrosis. The imbalance between the formation and degradation of NETs has long been considered to be closely associated with the activity of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Reactive oxygen species derived from the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase pathway or mitochondrial DNA pathway play a key role in the primary stage of NETs formation. The exposure or delayed degradation of abundant autoantigens, such as double-strand DNA, caused by abnormal activation of neutrophils can induce autoantibody to form immune complexes that deposit in local tissues and then induce the plasmacytoid dendritic cells to secrete the interferon alpha and other inflammatory factors. Those inflammatory factors will eventually cause endothelial cell injury. In order to provide a theoretical basis for targeted therapy and diagnosis of childhood-onset SLE, this paper reviews the role of NETs in the pathogenesis of SLE.
Extracellular Traps ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; etiology ; therapy ; Neutrophils ; physiology

Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/therapy* ; Thrombotic Microangiopathies/complications*

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) has multiple biological properties, including the induction of other cytokine production and the inhibition of T cell apoptosis. Recently, IL-15 was reported to have a major role in synovial inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis, and that it provokes and amplifies the inflammatory process through the activation of TNF-alpha production. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the dysregulation of apoptosis and various cytokine production were observed and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE. Thus, we tried to determine serum IL-15 levels in SLE patients and to assess the relationship among IL-15 levels, TNF-alpha levels and disease activity of SLE. Twenty SLE patients and 10 controls were studied. Paired serum samples were collected from all SLE patients at the time of presentation with active disease and at 4 weeks after institution of treatment. IL-15 levels were determined by ELISA and compared with the disease activity indices in SLE. The disease activity of SLE was measured using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and laboratory parameters such as circulating immune complex (CIC), C3, C4, anti-DNA antibody, IgG, IgM, and IgA. The IL-15 levels in SLE patients were significantly higher than those of controls (5.38 +/- 4.89 vs. 1.04 +/- 1.26 pg/ml). However, elevated IL-15 levels did not correlate with the SLEDAI, nor did they correlate with other laboratory activity indices. The changes in serum IL-15 levels did not correlate with the changes in serum TNF-alpha in the disease course of SLE patients, whereas TNF-alpha reflected the changes in disease activity of SLE. Serum levels of IL-15 are elevated in SLE patients, but IL-15 did not correlate with the disease activity of SLE. TNF-alpha production in SLE patients was unlikely to be related with IL-15.
Adolescence ; Adult ; Female ; Glucocorticoids, Synthetic/therapeutic use ; Human ; Interleukin-15/blood* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood* ; Male ; Prednisolone/therapeutic use ; Tumor Necrosis Factor/analysis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interacting effects between pregnancy and flares of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to explore the best occasion for SLE patients' conception and the management during the pregnancy. METHODS: Thirty one cases of pregnancy complicated with SLE were investigated retrospectively, among whom 18 were in remission of SLE at the beginning of conception (Group A), and the other 13 either had high-activity of the disease or were first diagnosed as SLE during the pregnancy (Group B). Various doses of prednisone were administered to control SLE. RESULTS: SLE flares still occurred in 6 cases in Group A, but in all cases in Group B. Compared with Group A, the rates of fetal loss and early delivery were significantly higher in Group B (P < 0.05), while the survival rate and the weight of the new born were notably decreased in Group B (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Pregnancy and SLE interacted with each other unfavorably. Selection of remission stage for conception and proper management during the pregnancy could significantly improve the maternal-fetal safety.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; therapy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; therapy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Time Factors

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with a complex etiology, which can include genetic factors, immune or endocrine disorders and ultraviolet light. Red lunulae have been observed in association with several systemic and cutaneous disorders, most of which have an autoimmune origin. We experienced an interesting case of a 56 year-old patient with mycosis fungoides who had been treated with systemic PUVA for 3 months and developed SLE with red lunulae on all of the finger nails. Herein, we review the relationship between PUVA and SLE and suggest red lunulae as a clinical sign of SLE development.
Fingers ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Middle Aged ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; PUVA Therapy* ; Ultraviolet Rays

To evaluate the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings of pleuropulmonary involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we analyzed HRCT findings of 12 patients of clinically confirmed SLE with respiratory symptoms. In four patients, HRCT findings before and after chemotherapy were compared. The common HRCT findings were ground-glass opacity (100%), bronchial wall thickening (66%), patchy parenchymal opacity (58%), septal or intralobular line thickening (58%), micronodule (58%), central core prominence (41%), small pleural effusion (91%), and pericardial effusion (33%). Follow-up HRCT obtained after treatment showed significant improvement of pleural effusion(4/4), pericardial effusion (3/3), pericardial thickening (1/1), patchy opacity (2/2), and ground glass opacity (2/4). But bronchial wall thickening (2/2) and micronodule (2/2) were not improved. Although there are no pathognomonic HRCT findings in SLE, bilateral small pleural effusion, ground glass opacity, subpleural patchy opacity, and micronodule are common and suggestive findings in the pleuropulmonary involvement of SLE.
Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glass ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pleural Effusion