61 children with the deep burn (male: 40; female: 21), avarage ages of 6.3 the avarage burn area: 33%; the avarage deep burn area: 21% were admitted after 10 days of burn participated to a study. The results have shown that the highest rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa reported, there were no change of microorganism in the burn area before and after the necrosis removal. The density of microbial per one gram of the necrosis tissues after the necrosis removal reduced in significantly. There was a linear relation between the density of microbial in the burn tissues, the clinical infective symptoms and the rate of the septicemia in the deep burn. The technique of the method of the quantitative analysis of microbials/one gram tissue had a high confidence.
burns ; surgery ; Necrosis

22 pediatric patients with the deep burn at grade VII (male: 15) received complete and early necrotic removal and one-stage thin cutaneous transplantation have shown that the technique reduced the edema, fluid excretion and local pus and shortened the duration for burn healing comparing with the necrotic removal and waiting for the generation of granular tissue to transplant. The study concluded that it should remove radically the necrosis, prevent from blood clotting in the transplant and operate within the first 7 days of burn.
burns, therapeutics

Study on 17 pediatric patients aged from 1 to 12 years of old, 14 boys and 3 girls. Burn-caused agents were dry heat, wet-heat and chemicals. Patients were divided randomly into 2 groups: Group A (Study group) involved 10 patients with mean age of 5 years, average common burn area was 41% of body area and deep burn area was 35% of body area. Group B (control group) included 7 patients with mean age of 6 years. The average common burn area of these patients was 48% of body area and the deep burn area was 34%. In group A, the bacterial infection incidence was lower markedly than group B (p<0.05). P. aeruginosa caused sepsis had highest incidence (66.6%) in patients with positive culture. Skin implantation produced good and moderate results in group A. 10 patients received skin allograft in 16 operations. Mean time survival of skin grafts is 14.92 days.
burns, (Transplantation, Homologous)

Vitamin E is a genetic term for a group of tocol and tocotrienol derivatives. Since the discovery that vitamin E is the major lipid soluble antioxidant in skin, this substance has been tried for the treatment of almost every type of skin lession imaginable. This report claims that oral Enat 400 (natural vitamin E) speeds wound healing and improves the comestic outcome of demis and epidemis burning wounds in female patients (from 18-55 of age).
Vitamin E ; Wounds and Injuries ; Burns

Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam undertook a series of measures in response to the fourth and largest wave of COVID-19. The care pathway was continuously reconfigured through leadership from all levels of government and engagement of the community. This resulted in a shift towards integrated severity-based care consisting of multiple levels of health-care facilities and home care. This flexible approach based on the rapidly changing local context enabled Ho Chi Minh City to limit the extent to which health-care capacity was overwhelmed.

Objective: To document the evolution and optimization of the Zika virus (ZIKV) disease surveillance system in southern Viet Nam in 2016 and to describe the characteristics of the identified ZIKV-positive cases. Methods: We established a sentinel surveillance system to monitor ZIKV transmission in eight sites in eight provinces and expanded the system to 71 sites in 20 provinces in southern Viet Nam in 2016. Blood and urine samples from patients who met the case definition at the sentinel sites were tested for ZIKV using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction at the Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City (PI-HCMC). We conducted descriptive analysis and mapped the ZIKV-positive cases. Results: In 2016, 2190 specimens from 20 provinces in southern Viet Nam were tested for ZIKV at PI-HCMC; 626 (28.6%), 484 (22.1%), 35 (1.6%) and 1045 (47.7%) tests were conducted in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of the year, respectively. Of these tested specimens, 214 (9.8%) were ZIKV positive with 212 (99.1%) identified in the fourth quarter. In the fourth quarter, the highest positivity rate was those in age groups 30–39 years (30.0%) and 40–59 years (31.6%). Of the 214 ZIKV-positive patients, 210 (98.1%) presented with rash, 194 (90.7%) with fever, 149 (69.6%) with muscle pain, 123 (57.5%) with joint pain and 66 (30.8%) with conjunctivitis. Discussion The surveillance system for ZIKV disease underwent several phases of optimization in 2016, guided by the most up-to-date local data. Here we demonstrate an adaptable surveillance system that detected ZIKV-positive cases in southern Viet Nam.

This article describes Viet Nam Ministry of Health’s (VMoH) activities to prepare for and respond to the threat Zika virus (ZIKV), including the adaptation of existing surveillance systems to encompass ZIKV surveillance.

Objectives: Asymptomatic infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and test re-positivity after a negative test have raised concerns about the ability to effectively control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of COVID-19 asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic infections during the second wave of COVID-19 in Viet Nam, and to better understand the duration of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the dynamics between the evolution of clinical symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 test positivity among confirmed COVID-19 cases. Methods: We conducted a cohort analysis on the first 50 confirmed cases during the second COVID-19 wave in Viet Nam using clinical, laboratory and epidemiological data collected from 9 March to 30 April 2020. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to assess time to clearance of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and log-rank tests were used to explore factors related to time to SARS-CoV-2 infection clearance. Results: Most cases (58%) had no typical signs or symptoms of COVID-19 at the time of diagnosis. Ten cases (20%) were re-positive for SARS-CoV-2 during infection. Eight cases (16%) experienced COVID-19 symptoms after testing negative for SARS-CoV-2. The median duration from symptom onset until clearance of infection was 14 days (range: 6–31); it was longer in re-positive and older patients and those with pre-existing conditions. Conclusion Asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic infections were common during the second wave of COVID-19 in Viet Nam. Re-positivity was frequent during hospitalization and led to a long duration of SARS-CoV-2 infection.