Objective To observe the effects of electro-acupuncture ( EA ) on learning, memory and the morphology of hippocampal neural tissues in rats with a model of chronic cerebral ischemia.Methods One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Chronic cerebral ischemia models were successfully established in 104 of them, and those rats were randomly divided into an EA group and a model group with 52 rats each. These were further subdivided into 1,2, 4 and 6 week subgroups with 13 rats in each. The EA group was given EA. The changes in spatial learning and memory ability were observed using a Morris water maze. The morphological changes in hippocampal nerve tissue were observed by HE staining.Results The escape latency in the EA group was significantly different from the model group at the 2nd, 4th and 6th week. The nerve cells in the dentate gyrus were more tightly and consistently lined-up and had rich layers, and the structures in the EA group were better than in the model group.Conclusions EA can improve spatial learning and memory and promote the repair of injury after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To study the mutations of Env sequence of SIVmac239 after infection of Chinese rhesus monkeys, and compare the differences and characteristics of Gp120 sequences of enterotropic and neurotropic SIV strains. Methods Six strains of simian immunodeficiency virus were analyzed in this study: four separated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SIVmac239-infected monkeys and two neurotropic SIVmac251 strains.Isolated and cultured monoclonal virus was obtained by limiting dilution assay.Gp120 sequences were amplified after the RNA extraction and phylogenetic analysis was processed thereafter.So did the Gp120 amino acid sequence and N-glycosylation sites analysis of the enterotropic and neurotropic strains.Results SIVmac239 had different mutations in four rhesus monkeys.The diversity in amino acid sequences of the enterotropic and neurotropic strains concentrated in the V1 and V4 regions of Gp120.The enterotropic strains had an addition of glycosylation site in V4 but the glycosylation site changes of neurotropic strains were located in the conservative regions of C1, C2 and C3.Conclusions The addition of one glycosylation site in V4 region of GP120 and loss of one glycosylation site in C1 region are associated with enhanced enterotropism and neurotropism.The differences between the enterotropic and neurotropic strains are not dipicted in Gp120 V3 region which is closely related with the tropism of strains.

Background and purpose:Liver cancer resection and splenectomy are the main methods to treat hepatocellular carcinoma and hypersplenism. The aim of this study was to discuss the safety and feasibility of simultaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma with hypersplenism.Methods:Twenty-seven patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic hypersplenism underwent RFA and LS. The clinical data were also analyzed.Results:The surgery was converted to an open surgery in 1 patient, while laparoscopic splenectomy in a hand-assisted manner was performed in 2 patients. There were 31 liver tumors treated with RFA. Blood loss were 110-900 mL (mean=320 mL). Operation time were 72-127 min (mean=107 min). Subcutaneous emphysema occurred in 1 patient, and pancreatic leakage in another patient. Nine patients developed ascites. one patient suffered from massive haemorrhage, and emergency operation was adopted to stop bleeding. This patient recovered well after operation. No death was found during the hospitalization. Conclusion:Combining RFA with LS for the treatment of liver cancer and hypersplenism is minimally invasive, safe, and feasible.

Objective To investigate relationship of platelet (PLT) count with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with breast cancer,and explore the susceptibility index to evaluate prognosis of patients with breast cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 498 patients with breast cancer in January 1995 to December 2005 was carried out.PLT count was tested.Those patients were divided into group A (PLT ＜ 150 × 109/L),group B[(150-250) × 109/L],and group C (PLT ＞ 250 × 109/L) according to PLT count level.The relationship of platelet count with clinicopathological features was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model were used for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of PLT impact on survival time.Results There was positively correlated between PLT count and clinicopathological features (Pearson coefficient ＞ 0,P ＜ 0.05).There was negative correlated between PLT count and survival time (Pearson coefficient =-O.583,P ＜ 0.05).The survival time of groups A,B and C were significantly different (P =0.018).Cox proportional hazards model multi-factor analysis showed that PLT count was an independent factors affecting survival time (OR =2.256,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with breast cancer associated with increased emphasis and PLT count.PLT count had negative correlation with survival time.PLT count could be a susceptible index to predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Autoimmune Diseases ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulins ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged

Whole-cell and cell-attached patch-clamp techniques were used to record the changes of persistent sodium current (I(Na.P)) in ventricular myocytes of guinea pig to investigate the effect of low extracellular pH on I(Na.P) and its mechanism. The results showed that low extracellular pH (7.0, 6.8 and 6.5) obviously increased the amplitude of whole-cell I(Na.P) in a [H(+)] concentration-dependent manner. Under the condition of extracellular pH 6.5, I(Na.P) was markedly augmented from control (pH 7.4) value of (0.347+/-0.067) pA/pF to (0.817+/- 0.137) pA/pF (P<0.01, n=6), whereas the reducing agent dithiothreitiol (DTT, 1 mmol/L) reversed the increased IN(Na.P) from (0.817+/-0.137) pA/pF to (0.233+/-0.078) pA/pF (P<0.01 vs pH 6.5, n=6). Decreasing extracellular pH to 6.5 also increased the persistent sodium channel activity in cell-attached patches. The mean open probability and mean open time were increased from control value of 0.021+/-0.007 and (0.899+/-0.074) ms to 0.205+/-0.023 and (1.593+/-0.158) ms, respectively (both P<0.01, n=6), and such enhancement was reversed by application of 1 mmol/L DTT [to 0.019+/-0.005 and (0.868+/-0.190) ms, both P<0.01 vs pH 6.5, n=6]. Furthermore, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (BIM, 5 micromol/L) reduced the enhanced mean open probability and mean open time at pH 6.5 from 0.214+/-0.024 and (1.634+/-0.137) ms to 0.025+/-0.006 and (0.914+/-0.070) ms, respectively (both P<0.01 vs pH 6.5, n=6). The results demonstrate that low extracellular pH markedly increases I(Na.P) in guinea pig ventricular myocytes, in which activation of PKC may be involved.
Animals ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; Extracellular Space ; chemistry ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; physiology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Sodium ; metabolism ; Sodium Channels ; physiology

The maintenance of the balance between oxygen supply and oxygen consumption is a key measure in preventing acute kidney hypoxic/reoxygenation injury. Morphine can inhibit metabolism and reduce the oxygen consumption. We tried to investigate the protective effects of morphine hypoxic preconditioning on acute kidney hypoxic/reoxygenation injury in rabbit and its influence on expression of caspase-3 protein. Kidney hypoxic and reoxygenation were induced by making the tested rabbits inhale 8% oxygen for three hours firstly, and then putting them in the air to breathe in normal oxygen for another three hours. Morphine hypoxic preconditioning was induced by administering morphine 3 mg/kg, and then hypoxic of 8% oxygen was induced. Caspase-3 protein expression in renal tissue was assessed by immunohistochemical method. In the present study, the expressions of caspase-3 protein were significantly higher in saline-control hypoxic group than in morphine hypoxic preconditioning group ((29.3+/-5.7)% vs. (12.16+1.23)%, P<0.05). These observations suggested that morphine hypoxic preconditioning can protect rabbit against acute kidney hypoxic/reoxygenation injury by decreasing expression of caspase-3 protein.
Animals ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Kidney ; blood supply ; metabolism ; Male ; Morphine ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficacy of sacral manual therapy in the treatment of coccygodynia.

METHODSFrom November 2013 to July 2015, 184 patients with sacrococcygeal pain were divided into treatment group and control group. There were 26 males and 65 females in the treatment group, with an average age of (39.63±11.62) years old. In the control group, there were 31 males and 62 females, with an average age of (41.47±11.56) years old. The patients in the treatment group were treated with sacrococcygeal massage therapy, 3 times a week for 2 weeks. The patients in the control group were treated with Diclofenac Diethylamine Emulgel, 2 times a day for 2 weeks. The VAS pain score, score in rating scale of sacrococcygeal pain and degree of tenderness were obtained on the first day of treatment, 2, 7, 14 days and 3 months after treatment to evaluate clinical results.

RESULTSWhen comparing the VAS pain score of sacrococcygeal pain within the two groups, the differences began to reach statistical significance on the second day(<0.001). The chagne of VAS pain scores, the change of scores in rating scale of sacrococcygeal pain and the degree of tenderness in the treatment group were all significontly larger that those in the contral group from the second day.

CONCLUSIONSThe curative effect of sacral manipulation group is better than that of Diclofenac Diethylamine Emulgel group in the treatment of sacrococcygeal pain.

In May 2015, a child with absence of most of the five fingers with scar formation after healing of a left hand burn wound hospitalized in our burn ward. According to the free online design program for making artificial limbs using three-dimensional printing technology on the internet, a utility artificial hand, most of which made of plastic parts, was designed for the child and printed by a three-dimensional printer. The child was instructed to wear and use the utility artificial hand, including driving the finger part of the utility artificial hand to make a grasping action by flexing the wrist joint. On the first day of using the utility artificial hand, the time the right hand and the utility artificial hand took to finish the Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT) was 24 and 325 s, respectively. After training, the child could grab some light and rough objects. After 3 months of follow-up, the child could use the utility artificial hand to cooperate with the upper limb of the healthy side to make the movements of picking up the basketball and keeping the balance of body on the bicycle. The time the right hand and the utility artificial hand took to finish NHPT was 21 and 193 s, respectively. The time the utility artificial hand took increased by 40.6% compared with the initial period. By assembling the three-dimensionally printed utility artificial hand, the partial appearance image of the child was restored, and some of the hand functions were compensated, which improved the self-care ability of the child in daily life and was beneficial to his physical and mental development.

Objective: To investigate the association of sleep quality, depressive symptoms and their interaction with non suicidal self injury (NSSI) among rural middle school students, so as to provide a reference for early prevention and control of NSSI among rural middle school students. Methods: A multi stage cluster sampling method was used to randomly select four rural middle schools in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province. A total of 1 723 middle school students were investigated according to the principle of grade stratification and class random selection. Paper questionnaires (including demographic factors, Non Suicidal Self Injury Short Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Patient Health Questionnare-9) were used to conduct the questionnaire survey. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of sleep quality, depressive symptoms and their interaction with NSSI among rural middle school students. Results: Totally 30.5% of middle school students had NSSI. Univariate results showed that girls (33.0%) had a higher incidence of NSSI than boys(27.3%), and those with sleep disorders and depressive symptoms had a higher incidence of NSSI, which was 46.8%, 43.6%. The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that the risk of NSSI in students with sleep disorder was 1.80 times that in those without sleep disorder( OR 95%CI=1.42-2.28, P <0.01). The risk of NSSI in students with depressive symptoms was 3.32 times higher than that in those without depressive symptoms( OR 95%CI=2.60-4.24, P <0.01). The interaction results showed that there was additive interaction between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms on the occurrence of NSSI behavior in rural middle school students, and the relative excess risk, attributable proportion and synergy index were 1.80, 0.30 and 1.57, respectively. Conclusion Sleep disorder and depressive symptoms are risk factors for NSSI among rural middle school students, and there is additive interaction between them.