Abstract: The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique is a technique for the specific and efficient amplification of target fragments at a constant temperature using two pairs of specially designed primers and a strand displacement activity DNA polymerase. LAMP technique is a simple, rapid, specific, sensitive and cost-effective nucleic acid amplification method, and therefore has a promising future in the field rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and grassroots applications. In this review, the basic principles and characteristics of the LAMP technique, the main molecular markers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, and the use of different molecular markers and various types of novel techniques in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and drug-resistant tuberculosis were described. The LAMP technique has been widely used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis with high sensitivity and specificity, but the technique still has some shortcomings. This paper reviews the progress of its application in tuberculosis in recent years and provides an outlook on its development, with a view to providing a rational research direction for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis in a resource-limited environment.

BACKGROUNDOn the afternoon of May 12, 2008, a 8.0-magnitude earthquake hit Sichuan Province, a mountainous region in Western China, killing about 70 000 people and leaving over 18 000 missing. What about the survivors motor functions and activities of daily living (ADL) capacity, especially for fractures? We need the data to guide the rehabilitation for the seismic wounded and it's important to collect the data for the future. We study the survivors to understand the motor functions and ADL capacity of patients with fractures sustained in the Wenchuan earthquake, to provide a basis for rehabilitation and treatment.

METHODSWe used the Manual Muscle Testing method to evaluate muscle strength, the joint angle scale to measure joint range of motion (ROM), and the Barthel index to evaluate the activities of daily living status. SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data and the results were tested using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

RESULTSThe number of seismic wounded amounted to 487; 81.1% of patients had fractures. Most of the injured had fractures in multiple regions (53.9% of all fracture patients), followed by fractures of the upper limb (34.0% of patients); cranial fractures were rare (2.3%). Totally 82.0% had restricted range of motion, 23.5% had decreased muscle force, and 72.2% of the patients had restricted activities of daily living capacities. With time the activities of daily living capacity of female increased (P < 0.05), compared with the male fracture patients who did not show any relative improvement (P > 0.05). The difference between the patients' ages and ADL capacities did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05), nor was there a significant difference between their ages and the numbers of days in hospital (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFractures were the main issue in the seismic wounded, many of them had reductions in the ROM, muscle force and ADL capacities. The physicians involved in rehabilitation should pay greater attention to muscle force exercises, joint mobilization, and occupational therapy during the early phases post disaster.

Activities of Daily Living ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; China ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To study the influence of age,gender and history of diabetes in maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and standardized cerebral metabolic rate (SCMR) of glucose.Methods Seventy-nine healthy volunteers were recruited and evaluated by PET-CT examination.Region of interest (ROI) analysis was employed to measure the SUVmax in 13 ROIs of the brain and 13ROIs of the cerebellum.SCMR was amounted by left SUVmax/right SUVmax in the corresponding ROI point of each side in the same volunteer.The influences of age,gender and history of diabetes in SUVmax and SCMR were analyzed. Results No statistical significance of SUVmax was noted between the 2corresponding points in bilateral ROI (P＞0.05).Statistical significance of SUVmax was noted between each 2 points in the left and right ROI (left:F=14.280,right:F=14.680,P=0.000).Statistical difference of SUVmax was recorded in different age groups (P＜0.05).The female had significantly lower SUVmax in bilateral measurement points (2/26) as compared with the male (P＜0.05).Concerning the influence of history of diabetes,statistical significance of SUVmax was noted in almost all ROIs (18/26,P＜0.05).No statistical significance of SCMR in each ROI was noted in different groups of gender,age and diabetes (P＞0.05). Conclusion SCMRglu can eliminate the role of such influencing factors as age,gender and history of diabetes,which have been proved to exert some effect on the results of SUVmax; therefore,SCMRglu may provide a reliable indicator for further study.

Objective To evaluate the effect of serum chromium on oral cancer after adjusting the covarite between groups based on propensity score matching (PSM). Methods We performed a case-control study in 395 cases of newly diagnosed primary oral cancer from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and 1 240 controls from the same community from January 2010 to February 2018. Using the PSM to select 309 controls randomly which were matched with the cases by 1 ∶1 matching. Conditional Logistic regression model was used to explore the association between chromium and oral cancer. Results The level of serum chromium was 178.91 (121.83-284.19) μg/L in the case group, which was lower than 324.27 (264.82-397.69) μg/L in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001). Dose-response analysis showed that the risk of oral cancer gradually decreased with the increase of serum chromium, which presented a negative correlation. There was a negative correlation between serum chromium level and the risk for oral cancer by conditional Logistic regression,the aOR of serum chromium in the Q2, Q3 and Q4 compared with the Q1 were 0.14 (0.08-0.26), 0.15 (0.08-0.28) and 0.10 (0.05-0.20),with significant trend (Ptrend＜0.001). Stratified analysis showed the negative correlation between serum chromium and oral cancer by smoking, drinking tea, not drinking alcohol status and fish, fruits and green vegetables intake frequencies. Conclusions The high level of serum chromium is a protective factor for the incidence of oral cancer, and the higher of serum chromium, the lower risk of developing oral cancer.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the pre-conceptive factors on birth ponderal index (PI).

METHODSFourteen towns were selected randomly from the 37 towns of Liuyang county, Hunan province, through cluster sampling in a prospective cohort study. Information was collected on all the women registered at the Maternity and Child Care Departments, and were planning to give birth in the coming year plus willing to receive a blood test and then followed-up until delivery. Single factor analysis would involve chi-square test and correlation analysis, while the multiple-factor analysis would adopt binary logistic regression method.

RESULTSA total of 1368 women were recruited in the cohort and 611 of them had a delivery of one child. Means of birth weight, birth length, and birth PI were (3.26 ± 0.43) kg, (50 ± 0.46) cm and 26.08 ± 3.43, respectively. Data from the multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that income (OR = 6.920, 95%CI: 1.089 - 43.974) and cortisone levels (OR = 5.121, 95%CI: 0.886 - 29.611) were related to low PI, while LDL-C (OR = 3.736, 95%CI: 0.848 - 16.461), waistline (OR = 6.846, 95%CI: 1.441 - 32.532), education (OR = 0.169, 95%CI: 0.029 - 0.995), and insulin (OR = 0.141, 95%CI: 0.016 - 1.277) were related to high PI.

CONCLUSIONBirth PI was associated with income, waistline, education, insulin, cortisone, and LDL-C. Before conception, women should go through necessary tests and keep a good physical condition to reduce their neonates of having abnormal PI.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Logistic Models ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the immunophenotype and prognostic significance of primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, with reference to Hans, Choi and Tally algorithms.

METHODSThe clinicopathologic features and follow-up data in 90 cases of primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test and Cox regression model. Immunohistochemistry was carried out using EliVision and EnVision methods for CD20, CD3ε, CD10, bcl-6, MUM-1, CD5, bcl-2, GCET1, FOXP1, LMO2, BLIMP1 and Ki-67.

RESULTSThe age of patients ranged from 27 to 83 years (mean = 58 years). The male-to-female ratio was 1.31:1. Amongst the 90 cases studied, 64.4% (58/90) involved the stomach and 35.6% (32/90) involved the intestine. The immunohistochemical findings were as follows: 100% positivity for CD20, 0% for CD3ε and CD5, 17.8% (16/90) for CD10, 75.6% (68/90) for bcl-6, 52.2% (47/90) for MUM-1 (cut off was 30%), 43.3% (39/90) for MUM-1 (cut off was 80%), 50.0% (45/90) for GCET1, 45.6% (41/90) for FOXP1, 23.3% (21/90) for LMO2, 42.2% (38/90) for bcl-2 and 8.9% (8/90) for BLIMP1. The Ki-67 index ranged from 20% to 95% (median = 80%). According to Hans algorithm, 51.1% of the cases belonged to germinal center B-cell (GCB) subtype and 48.9% belonged to non-GCB subtype. In contrast, Choi algorithm classified 55.6% cases as GCB subtype and 44.4% as activated B-cell (ABC) subtype. According to Tally algorithm, 34.4% were of GCB subtype and 65.6% of non-GCB subtype. Most of the patients (67.8%, 61/90) received chemotherapy and 68.9% (62/90) underwent surgical resection. The overall 2, 3 and 5-year survival rates were 58.5%, 52.8% and 49.8%, respectively. The overall 2, 3 and 5-year survival rates in the CHOP therapy group were 68.5%, 61.2% and 52.9%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThere is no significant difference in ratio between the GCB and non-GCB/ABC subtypes by Hans and Choi algorithms. The non-GCB subtype seems to be more prevalent according to Tally algorithm. Although there is no significant difference in survival between GCB and non-GCB/ABC subtypes by the 3 algorithms, GCB subtype tends to show a better survival. In univariate analysis, LDH level, international prognostic index, chemotherapy, surgical resection, B symptoms, number of involved sites and clinical stage are found to have prognostic significance. In multivariate analysis, Choi algorithm, Tally algorithm, chemotherapy, surgical resection, LDH level and clinical stage are independent prognostic factors.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Germinal Center ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; classification ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; LIM Domain Proteins ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; classification ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Metalloproteins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; metabolism ; Repressor Proteins ; metabolism ; Serpins ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; classification ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo analyze the subtypes of primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS DLBCL) and to explore the relationship between the subtype classification and prognosis.

METHODSImmunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression of CD20, CD3, CD10, Bcl-6, Mum-1, CD5, Bcl-2, Ki-67, FOXP-1, GCET-1, BLIMP-1 and LMO-2 antigens on paraffin-embedded sections of 47 cases. Hans, Choi and Tally subtypes were classified, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to elucidate the relationship between the subtypes and prognosis.

RESULTSIn the 47 cases, the expression of Bcl-2 in the tumor cells was 46.8%, CD10 4.3%, Bcl-6 70.2%, Mum-1 53.2%, GCET-1 36.2%, BLIMP-1 4.3%, FOXP-1 63.8% and LMO-2 19.2%. The positive rate of Ki-67 was 30% to 95%, with a median of 80%, of which 12 cases (25.5%) was > or = 90%. The Hans subtype classification showed 16 cases (34.0%) were of GCB type and 31 cases (66.0%) of non-GCB type. The Choi subtype classification showed 16 cases (34.0%) were of GCB type and 31 cases (66.0%) of ABC type. The Tally subtype classification showed 6 cases (12.8%) were of GCB type and 41 cases (87.2%) of non-GCB type.

CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study show that there is no significant correlation between the three subtypes and prognosis. The prognosis is correated with post-operative radiotherapy, chemotherapy and MTX therapy.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; methods ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; LIM Domain Proteins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Methotrexate ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1 ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; metabolism ; Repressor Proteins ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Serpins ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the longitudinal changes of blood pressure (BP) and its related determinants before and during normal pregnancy.

METHODS14 townships were randomly selected by cluster random sampling method from 37 townships in Liuyang city, Hunan province. Subjects are all women at childbearing age in these 14 townships registered from April 2008 to December 2011. When the subjects visited to the local maternity and child-care agencies for pre-marital check, they were face-to-face interviewed and asked to fill out the questionnaire and finish the medical examination. Following-up program was carried out until delivery, with BP and other pregnancy information checked and collected. Analysis on variance of data regarding repeated measurements were used to investigate the changes of BP and related determinants.

RESULTSA total of 611 cases with complete data were recruited, after excluding 41 cases who were diagnosed as pregnancy-induced hypertension. Finally, data on 570 healthy women with singleton pregnancies was analyzed. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) at pre-pregnancy, first trimester, second trimester and third trimester were (109.9 ± 12.9) mm Hg, (100.6 ± 9.6) mm Hg, (102.6 ± 10.1) mm Hg, (107.8 ± 10.9) mm Hg, respectively while the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of pre-pregnancy, first trimester, second trimester and third trimester were (71.1 ± 9.0) mm Hg, (64.3 ± 6.6) mm Hg, (65.1 ± 6.8) mm Hg, (68.3 ± 8.1) mm Hg, respectively. The pre-pregnancy BP was lower than the three periods after pregnancy. BP of the third trimester was higher than that of the ones at first or second trimesters, with the difference statistically significant. SBP and DBP both indicated that there were statistically significant changes in the four periods and the linear trend test showed statistically significant. Pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy waist circumference and annual per capita income were determinants which affecting the changes of BP. Higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), wider pre-pregnancy waist circumference and higher annual per capita income were associated with higher BP, while annual per capita income mainly affecting the pre-pregnancy BP.

CONCLUSIONBP of the three periods after pregnancy were lower than that of pre-pregnancy. BP of the third trimester was higher than both the first and second trimesters'. Pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy waist circumference and annual per capita income were determinants which affecting the changes of BP.

Adult ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; physiology ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of small cell variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL, NOS).

METHODSThe clinicopathologic features of 5 cases of small cell variant of PTCL, NOS were retrospectively reviewed, with immunohistochemical study, T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement analysis and evaluation for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status.

RESULTSAll the 5 patients were males. The mean age was 52.6 years. The median duration before diagnosis was 1 month. Clinically, 3 patients presented in stage IV and 2 in stage III. Four of them had generalized lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Hepatomegaly and massive effusion were found in 1 and 2 cases, respectively. Marrow involvement was detected in 3 of the 4 patients with bone marrow biopsy performed and one of them also accompanied by lymphocytosis. Histologically, the involved lymph nodes showed partial or complete effacement of nodal architecture and replacement by a monomorphous population of small lymphoid cells. Scanty large lymphoid cells were also identified in 4 cases. Increase in number of blood vessels was noticed in two of them as well. Immunohistochemically, the lymphoma cells in all cases expressed two or more of the T-cell markers and CD43. The staining for CD20, TdT, CD56 and granzyme B was negative. CD99 expression was noted in 3 of the 4 cases. The Ki-67 index ranged from 5% to 15%. Clonal TCRgamma gene rearrangement was detected in the 4 cases studied and one of them also showed TCRbeta gene rearrangement. In-situ hybridization for EBV-encoded RNA was negative in the 4 cases studied. Follow up information was available in 3 of the 5 cases. All of the 3 patients died of the disease, with an average survival of 21.7 months.

CONCLUSIONSmall cell variant of PTCL, NOS represents a rare disease entity which often presents in advanced tumor stage and carries a poor prognosis.

12E7 Antigen ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukosialin ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

Objective: To study the relationship between ABO blood type and spontaneous re-canalization (SR) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: A total of 1209 consecutive AMI patients were enrolled. Based on TIMI grade, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Non-SR group, the patients with TIMI grade 0-1,n=442 and SR group, the patients with TIMI grade 2-3,n=767. The relationship between ABO blood type and SR was investigated. Results: Compared with Non-SR group, SR group had more patients with blood type O (32.3% vs 24.7%) and less blood type A (31.7% vs 24.9%). Meanwhile, we found that a lower cholesterol level was related to patients with O blood type and SR occurrence, bothP<0.05. Multi regression analysis indicated that with adjusted age, gender, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, LDL-C and C-reactive protein, ESR, fibrinogen, D-dimmer, endothelial cardiac function, blood type O may independently predict SR occurrence in AMI patients (OR=1.49, 95% CI 1.10-2.05), while blood type A may have disadvantage for SR (OR=0.65, 95% CI 0.48-0.80). Conclusion: ABO blood type has been related to SR in AMI patients, blood type O is in favor of SR, while blood type A has disadvantage for SR occurrence.