High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)is a new technology of focal therapy for patients with hepatic carcinoma.Comparing with operation and other focal therapeutic methods (such as radiofrequency and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization) of liver cancer,HIFU is non-invasive,accurate,and definite in killing the tumor tissue with fewer complications.Thus,it is widely accepted in clinical settings and has a promising prospect.In this article,we review the mechanism and present situation of hepatic carcinoma therapy with HIFU and dicuss some clinical application and development in the future.

translational research highly depends on Translational research organizations.America is the leading country in science and technology. It is very important to learn from America successful experience in order to develop perfect translational research organization.This paper analyzed the needs of changing the current research organization,and provided some suggestions for Chinese translational research organization based on understanding the differences between America and Chinese present research organization.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF- 1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in tissues of condy- loma acuminatum (CA) in pregnant women. Methods Tissue specimens were obtained from the lesions of 30 pregnant women with CA and 30 non-pregnant women with CA, and from the vulva of 15 normal preg- nant women. By immunohistochemical staining, the expressions of HIF -1α, VEGF and Ang-2 were detected in these specimens. Results The expression rates of HIF -1α,VEGF and Ang-2 were 86.67%, 93.33% and 83.33% in pregnant women with CA, respectively, 63.33%, 66.67% and 53.33% in non-pregnant women with CA, respectively, and 0, 6.67% and 0 in normal women, respectively. Enhanced expressions of HIF -1α,VEGF and Ang-2 were observed in pregnant women with CA compared with the latter two groups (P < 0.05). In pregnant women with CA, a significant correlation was noted between the expression of HIF -1α and VEGF (r = 0.412, P < 0.01) and between the expression of Ang-2 and VEGF (r = 0.460, P < 0.01). Further more, the expression of HIF -1α, VEGF and Ang-2 positively correlated with each other in non-preg- nant women with CA. Conclusion In tissues of CA in pregnant women, HIF-1α,Ang-2 and VEGF are over expressed, which may be related to angiogenesis.

Objective To discuss the effect of damage control applied for an earthquake pelvic fracture. Methods One case of pelvic fracture in the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake was treated by damage control in May, 2008. The patient was managed with anti-shock measures and temporal fixation of fracture in the first stage and minimally invasive surgery under fluoro-navigation system in the second stage. Results After two-stage damage control, the patient obtained stable vital signs, satisfactory reduction and internal fixation with no complications. Conclusion Damage control strategy for the earthquake pelvic fractures can improve the survival of patients and decrease their complications.

Objective To investigate the relationship between PrfA-dependent promoters and PrfA regulation. Methods LacZ reporter gene fusions used to investigate the inhibitory elements for PrfA-dependent transcription were carried on two promoters of Listeria monocytogenes: a PrfA-dependent promoter of the phospholipase gene pica (PplcA) and a putative promoter of the aroA gene (ParoA2) which contains a similar PrfA-binding site (PrfA-box) and a similar-10 box as PplcA but does not function as PrfA-dependent promoter. A series of hybrid plcA-aroA promoters by exchanging corresponding sequence elements of these two "promoters" were constructed and incorporated into upstream of a promoterless lacZ gene. The variant promoter-lacZ transcriptional fusions were then electroporated into L. monocytogenes wild-type strain P14, prfA mutant P14a and prfA deletion mutant A42, respectively. The expression level of PrfA is the highest in the P14a and the lowest in A42. The corresponding transcription activities of hybrid promoters were measured by the β-galactosidase assay. Results The two critical elements of PrfA-dependent promoters, the PrfA-box and the-10 box, can be functionally exchanged as long as the distance in between is maintained 22 or 23 bp. However, the interspace sequence and the sequence downstream of the -10 box of ParoA2 were strongly inhibitory for PrfA-dependent transcription. Conclusion Downstream sequence together -10 box of ParoA2 might fold into a hairpin structure when present in a single stranded DNA and possibly block the formation of the transcriptional initiation open complex, hence, inhibit the PrfA-dependent transcription from ParoA2.

Objective To explore the clinical value of early diagnosis of ovarian cancer by serum lysophosphatidic acid(LPA) and CA-125.Methods 50 patients with ovarian cancer from October 2005 to February 2008 were selected as ovarian cancer group,at the same period selected 44 patients with ovarian benign tumor(ovarian benign disease group),and 50 healthy women as the healthy control group.All patients were diagnosed and confirmed by preoperative blood and pathology.The serum LPA and CA-125 of two groups were detected.Results The serum LPA level and the positive rate in the ovarian cancer group was higher than that of the ovaries benign group or the control group(P＜0.05).The CA-125 level in the ovarian cancer group was similar to that of the ovaries benign group(P＞0.05),while the CA-125 level in the ovarian cancer group or the ovaries benign group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The specificity of the LPA was better than that of the CA-125 detection.In the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer,the sensitivity of the combination(85.7%) was better than either of them(P＜0.01);the plasma LPA level and positive rate of CA-125 of the phase Ⅱ～Ⅳ ovarian cancer patients were higher than that of phase Ⅰ (P＜0.01);the CA-125 positive rate of the serious cystadenocarcinoma was higher than that of the cystadenocarcinoma(P＜0.01).Conclusion LPA is a sensitive biomarker for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer,especially combined with CA-125.It should be widely used in clinic.

For many years, researches on Cytochrome P450 had been focused on their roles in exogenous drugs and poisons metabolism. In fact, Cytochrome P450 also showed significant importance in conversion of endogenous materials, such as steroids, cholesterol, hormones, fatty acid and vitamins. Among such Cytochrome P450 enzymes, CYP2J2 mainly metabolizing arachidonic acids into epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, was detected recently in human beings. The association of CYP2J2 with diseases attracts many researchers great interests. This article briefly summarized those researches of homo sapiens CYP2J2 on its distribution, physical significance, coding gene and mutants of gene as well.

Objective To investigate the formation and elimination of photoproduct in epidermal cells from BALB/c mice irradiated with ultroviolet B, and to observe the interference by baicalin in it. Methods BALB/c mice were randomized into 6 groups, I.e., blank control group receiving no exposure or protection, baicalin group receiving protection with baicalin, acetone group receiving acetone pretreatment, UVB group receiving UVB irradiation but no protection, UVB + baicalin group receiving UVB irradiation and protection with baicalin, UVB + acetone group receiving acetone pretreatment and UVB irradiation. Baicalin was applied at 1 mg/cm2 on the back of mice for 3 days in baicalin group and UVB + baicalin group. Twenty hours after the last application, UVB irradiation of 180 mJ/cm2 was given to mice in UVB group and UVB + baicalin group. Skin specimens were obtained from the tested sites at 1, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, after the irradiation. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) was detected in the specimens with immunohistochemical staining and Southwestern dot blotting. Results CPD was observed only in irradiated mice. The relative content of CPD in epidermal cells 1, 24 and 48 hours after the irradiation was (100±5.22)%, (75.34±8.22)% and (42.11±3.24)%, respectively, in UVB group, (81.45±5.22)%, (32.14±6.33)% and ( 5.21±3.15 )% respectively, in UVB+baicalin group, ( 106±8.21 )%, (70.23±4.13 )% and (41.22±4.21)%, respectively, in UVB + acetone group. A significant difference was observed in the relative content of CPD between UVB group and UVB + baicalin group at 1, 24 and 48 hours after the irradiation (P<0.05, 0.01, 0.01, respectively). Conclusions Taken together, these results suggest that topical baicalin application mitigates DNA photo-damage. Baicalin is therefore a promising protective substance against UVB radiation.

Balloon tamponade hemostasis has been applicated for 50 years,and its appropriate usage can obtain exact curative effect with less adverse reactions.In recent years,with the continuous improvement in surgical therapy,balloon tamponade technique in treating various types of bleeding has accumulated many successful experiences.This paper intends to review the advances in balloon compression technology for recent years.