Objective To investigate the preoperative management and the clinical effeciency of Lichtenstein tension-free hernioplasty in adult patients with inguinal incarcerated hernia.Methods Clinical data of 86 patients with inguinal incarcerated hernia were analyzed retrospectively.Hernia was repaired with Lichtenstein tension free after reposition.Results There were 59 male patients and 27 female patients with median age of (63 ± 18) years.There were 8 patients with liver cirrhosis.The operation was performed successfully in all patients.Segmental bowel resection with end-to-end anastomosis was performed in 38 emergency cases.Operative time was 20-120 min,with an average time of 54 min.The postoperative hospitalization was 5-17 d,with an average of 8 d.There were 7 cases of skin ecchymosis at the scrotum,there were no intestinal perforation,hepatic encephalopathy and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage after operation.In early series of 24 cases without drainage tube left in place,there were 10 cases of fat liquefaction,10 cases of hydrops of hernial sac,6 cases of seroma and 3 cases of wound infection after operation.After 12 to 48 months of follow-up,there was no mortality after 2 years,no hernia recurrence.Conclusions Tension free repair in the treatment of incarcerated inguinal hernia is safe and feasible.

Objective To investigate the long-term effects of propofol postconditioning on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods One hundred and forty-four healthy male SD rats,aged 7-8 weeks,weighing 250-280 g,were equally and randomly divided into 4 groups:sham operation group (group S),I/R group,propofol postconditioning group (group P) and intralipid group (group I).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10％ chloral hydrate 300 mg/kg.Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery for 60 min using a nylon thread with a rounded tip which was inserted into internal carotid artery in groups I/R,P and I.Two hour infusion of propofol was started at 20 mg· kg- 1· h- 1 immediately after the onset of reperfusion in group P,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in S and I/R groups,and 10％ intralipid was given instead in group I.Five rats in each group were chosen on day 1,14 and 28 after operation for assessment of neurological behavior and detection of cerebral infarct volume.Six rats in each group were chosen to perform Morris water maze test at day 9 and 23 after operation for 6 consecutive days.Five rats in each group were sacrificed on day 1,14 and 28 after operation and the hippocampal tissues were isolated for determination of the expression of GluR1-containing AMPA (GluR1-AMPA) receptor and GluR1-AMPA receptor in cell membrane.The ratio of GluR1-AMPA receptor in cell membrane/GluR1-AMPA receptor was calculated.Results Compared with group S,neurological behavior scores and the number of animals' swimming across the platform were significantly decreased,cerebral infarct volume was significantly enlarged,escape latency was significantly prolonged,and ratio of GluR1-AMPA receptor in cell membrane/GluR1-AMPA receptor was significantly increased ( P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change in the expression of GluR1-AMPA receptor was found in I/R group ( P ＞0.05).Propofol postconditioning inhibited cerebral I/R-induced changes mentioned above ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The brain protection against focal I/R injury by propofol postconditioning can last for 28 days after operation and the inhibition of trafficking of GluR1-AMPA receptor from cytoplasm to cell membrane may contribute to this long-term brain protection.

A series of tacrine-methoxybenzene hybrids (5a-5i) were designed, synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of cholinesterases (ChEs). All the compounds had better ChEs inhibitory activities than tacrine with IC50 values at the nanomolar range. Compound 5h exhibited the strongest inhibition on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC50 value of 6.74 nmol x L(-1) and compound 5f showed the most potent inhibition on butyrylcholinesterase with IC50 value of 3.83 nmol x L(-1). Kinetic and molecular modeling studies showed that these hybrids targeted both the catalytic active site and the peripheral anionic site of AChE.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) test data of severe sensorineural hearing loss children with cochlear lesion and those with retrocochlear lesion and find some specific phenomena of retrocochlear lesion in ASSR, then to improve diagnostic accuracy in clinical practice. METHOD: Between 2008 to 2012. 96 children (179 ears) were diagnosed with "retrocochlear auditory nerve lesion" and recieved ASSR test (" retrocochlear lesion" group). Eighty-one (143 ears) the same age children (143 ears) were diagnosed as "cochlear auditory nerve lesion" and selected them as the "cochlear lesion" group. Twenty-six (50 ears) normal hearing children at the same age who had ASSR test records selected from the pediatric hearing center database of our hospital were selected as "normal control" group. Compare the difference of ASSR threshold, ASSR elicit rate and ASSR audiogram among the three groups. RESULT: (1) ASSR threshold: Compared each frequency threshold in ASSR test with cochlear.lesion group, the retrocochlear lesion group with wave V and wave I had no significant difference in 500 Hz and 1000 Hz but had significant difference in 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz. As for the retrocochlear lesion group without wave V and wave I, there was a decline in 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz compared with cochlear lesion group. (1) ASSR elicit rate: When compared to retrocochlear lesion group, the cochlear lesion group had a significance lower elicit rate in the four frequency. (3) Number of elicit reactions in ASSR test . In the retrocochlear lesion group, the elicit reactions in all the four frequency in ASSR test was significantly higher than ochlear lesion group. (4) ASSR audiogram type. The proportion of rising curve audiogram in retrocochlear lesion group was 26.83% (with wave I and wave V), 40% (with wave I and without wave V ) and 33.80% (without wave I and wave V). CONCLUTION (1) Children with a severe hearing loss in ABR test and a rise type audiogram in ASSR test should be most possibly considered as retrocochlear lesion. (2) ASSR threshold cannot be used in determinate the severity of hearing loss in children with retrocochlear lesion.
Auditory Threshold ; Child ; Cochlea ; pathology ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; diagnosis ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Labyrinth Diseases ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases ; diagnosis

Objective:To investigate the characteristic and the hearing change of hearing thresholds of the infants failing in the hearing screening.Method:802 infants(1179 ears) with hearing screening record were reviewed in the study. They had hearing screened by otoacoustic emissions (OAE).However, they failed in the first or & and second hearing screening. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) , distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE) and acoustic immittance measurement were examined. Subjects with abnormal hearing-evaluation were retested during the following 1-3 months (before 6-month-old). To analysis the characteristic and the hearing change of hearing thresholds of the tests.Result:Among 802 cases(1179 ears),the ratio of single-ear(53.2%) is higher than both-ears(39.5%), P<0.05. And there are no significance between the two groups in the ration of severe abnormal hearing-evaluation ;25.8% infants once suffered from hypercholesterolenia failed in the hearing screening,which was higer than the other known risk factors.P＜0.05; Threatened abortion group has found no cases of severe hearing abnormalities; The ratio of severe abnormal hearing-evaluation in family history hearing loss group (40.9%) was higher than other high-risk factors, followed by two or more risk fators group(10.8%);56.9% of the infance who did not pass the hearing screening were found none risk factors, 42.3% of the infances who had high risk factors was normal hearing level;96 cases(138 ears) undergone twice assesement, in morderat disorder group, more cases(74.3%) changed better , and less disorder group(40.9%), severe disorder group (33.3%).Seven ears became worse; Among abnormal hearing induced by different high-risk factors, the proportion of hearing improvement in children with moderate abnormal hearing was higher than that in children with slight abnormal hearing. Ten cases(12 ears) diagnosised auditory neuropathy.Conclusion:The important factors make the follow-up decision incluing perinatal history,hearing level and age.Maybe some high-factors we did not realized. Gene screening should be paied more attention in the future work.

Background:The prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with lupus enteropathy is poor. At present, studies on pathogenesis of lupus enteropathy are rare. Aims:To investigate the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1),vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) in lupus enteropathy in mice. Methods:Twenty MRL/ lpr lupus mice were randomly divided into two groups:lupus enteropathy group and control group. Lupus enteropathy model was established by administration with TNBS enema. Histological score was assessed,expressions of ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and I-FABP were determined by immunohistochemistry, and correlations with histological score were analyzed. Results:Compared with control group,histological score was significantly increased (8. 1 ± 5. 8 vs. 0. 8 ± 0. 5,P = 0. 000),expressions of ICAM-1 (9. 4% ± 2. 1% vs. 6. 2% ± 1. 1%),VCAM-1 (15. 1% ± 2. 1% vs. 12. 2% ± 1. 9%)and I-FABP (17. 5% ± 2. 5% vs. 6. 1% ± 0. 9%)were significantly increased (P < 0. 05)in lupus enteropathy group. Expressions of ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and I-FABP in colon tissue in lupus enteropathy group were positively correlated with histological score (r = 0. 870,P = 0. 010;r = 0. 881,P =0. 010;r = 1. 000,P = 0. 000). Conclusions:ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and I-FABP may be associated with pathogenesis of lupus enteropathy.

Purpose To explore the effect of ultrasonic section,patient position and other factors on Young's modulus and shear wave velocity measurement of the muscle,and to study the consistency between Young's modulus and shear wave velocity on reflection of muscle hardness.Materials and Methods Shear wave elastography was used to detect 10 healthy young men and 10 women.Longitudinal and transverse detection of the Young's modulus and shear wave velocity of gastrocnemius and soleus were performed in natural ankle joint position,maximum plantar flexion and maximum dorsiflexion position.Results ① Comparison of the elasticity measurement between gastrocnemius and soleus.There were significant differences in the Young's modulus in the maximum plantar flexion and Young's modulus and shear wave velocity in maximum dorsiflexion position in longitudinal detection (P＜0.05) that gastrocnemius measurements were higher than soleus measurements.There were significant differences in Young's modulus and the shear wave velocity (P＜0.05) in natural position and maximum dorsiflexion position that soleus measurements were higher than gastrocnemius measurements.② In the positions of the ankle joints,the differences between longitudinal detection values and transverse detection values of gastrocnemius or soleus were statistically significant (P＜0.01) and longitudinal detection values were higher than transverse detection values.③ Comparison of the elasticity measurement of gastrocnemius and soleus muscle among different positions of the ankle joints.The measurement in natural position and in the maximum plantar flexion were evidently higher than that in the maximum dorsiflexion position (P＜0.01) in longitudinal detection.The maximum dorsiflexion position showed higher elasticity measurement.Only elasticity measurement in natural position and the maximum plantar flexion of the soleus was statistically different from that in the maximum dorsiflexion position (P＜0.01) that it was higher in the maximum dorsiflexion position.Conclusion The ultrasound elasticity measurements of gastrocnemius and soleus are related with the ultrasonic longitudinal or transverse section and the relative ankle positions.Moreover,there are some differences in elasticity measurements between these two muscles.should be given to all of these in quantitative evaluation of muscle hardness using shear wave ultrasound elastography.

Wnt signals widely exist in live creatures,involved in many physical or pathological processes,including the cell prolif-eration, differentiation and apoptosis. Recent studies show that Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may play an important regula-tory role in the protective effects of neurovascular unit in ische-mic stroke. Some chemicals,such as sulindac and estradiol,and some compound traditional Chinese medicine which contains gly-coside( e. g. rhodiola rosea ) , volatile oil ( e. g. turmeric ) and compound prescription ( e. g. Dan Long Xing Nao Fang ) can protect the neurovascular unit by regulating the pathway. This aims to review the research progress of the protective effects of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on the neurovascular unit in is-chemic stroke,with combination of chemicals and traditional Chi-nese medicine which can protect the neurovascular unit via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. It aims to provide the methodology basis for elucidating the mechanism of drugs,and also provide a new idea for researching the new drug which can reduce the dis-ability rate caused by sequela of stroke.

Objective To investigate the relationship between social support and subjective well-be-ing in only-child-lost ( OCL ) people, and the mediating effect of self-efficacy in this relationship. Methods By stratified cluster sampling,206 only-child loss people were investigated with Social Support Rating Scale ( SSRS) ,General Self-Efficacy Scale ( GSES) and Index of Well-Being ( IWB) ,and data were analyzed with SPSS19.0 software and Amos17.0 software. Results ①Scores of SSRS,GSES and IWB in only-child-lost people were(31.78±8.18),(24.12±0.67) and (8.38±3.05). ②Correlation analysis showed that scores of GSES,SSRS and 3 dimensions of SSRS were positively correlated with scores of IWB ( r=0. 542,0.332,0.214,0.332,0.216;P<0.05) . ③Self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between social support and subjective well-being through mediating effect test(χ2/ df=1.986,GFI=0.985,AGFI=0.942, RMSEA=0.069),mediating effect accounted for 16.08%.Conclusion Social support is an important factor which plays a direct or indirect role in subject well-being. Self-efficacy is the intermediate link between social support and subject well-being.