Purpose: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a particularly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer with a challenging prognosis. The purpose of this investigation is to craft and confirm the reliability of nomograms that can accurately forecast the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates for individuals afflicted with NEPC. Materials and Methods: Data pertaining to patients diagnosed with NEPC within the timeframe of 2010 to 2020 was meticulously gathered and examined from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER). To predict OS and CSS, we devised and authenticated two distinct nomograms, utilizing predictive variables pinpointed through both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: The study encompassed 393 of NEPC patients, who were systematically divided into training and validation cohorts at a 2:1 ratio. Key prognostic factors were isolated, verified, and integrated into the respective nomograms for OS and CSS. The performance metrics, denoted by C-indices, stood at 0.730, 0.735 for the training set, and 0.784, 0.756 for the validation set. The precision and clinical relevance of the nomograms were further corroborated by the analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analyses. Conclusions The constructed nomograms have demonstrated impressive efficacy in forecasting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and rates for patients with NEPC. Implementing these predictive tools in clinical settings is anticipated to considerably enhance the care and treatment planning for individuals diagnosed with this aggressive form of prostate cancer, thus providing tailored and more precise prognostic assessments.

Purpose: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a particularly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer with a challenging prognosis. The purpose of this investigation is to craft and confirm the reliability of nomograms that can accurately forecast the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates for individuals afflicted with NEPC. Materials and Methods: Data pertaining to patients diagnosed with NEPC within the timeframe of 2010 to 2020 was meticulously gathered and examined from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER). To predict OS and CSS, we devised and authenticated two distinct nomograms, utilizing predictive variables pinpointed through both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: The study encompassed 393 of NEPC patients, who were systematically divided into training and validation cohorts at a 2:1 ratio. Key prognostic factors were isolated, verified, and integrated into the respective nomograms for OS and CSS. The performance metrics, denoted by C-indices, stood at 0.730, 0.735 for the training set, and 0.784, 0.756 for the validation set. The precision and clinical relevance of the nomograms were further corroborated by the analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analyses. Conclusions The constructed nomograms have demonstrated impressive efficacy in forecasting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and rates for patients with NEPC. Implementing these predictive tools in clinical settings is anticipated to considerably enhance the care and treatment planning for individuals diagnosed with this aggressive form of prostate cancer, thus providing tailored and more precise prognostic assessments.

Purpose: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a particularly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer with a challenging prognosis. The purpose of this investigation is to craft and confirm the reliability of nomograms that can accurately forecast the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates for individuals afflicted with NEPC. Materials and Methods: Data pertaining to patients diagnosed with NEPC within the timeframe of 2010 to 2020 was meticulously gathered and examined from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER). To predict OS and CSS, we devised and authenticated two distinct nomograms, utilizing predictive variables pinpointed through both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: The study encompassed 393 of NEPC patients, who were systematically divided into training and validation cohorts at a 2:1 ratio. Key prognostic factors were isolated, verified, and integrated into the respective nomograms for OS and CSS. The performance metrics, denoted by C-indices, stood at 0.730, 0.735 for the training set, and 0.784, 0.756 for the validation set. The precision and clinical relevance of the nomograms were further corroborated by the analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analyses. Conclusions The constructed nomograms have demonstrated impressive efficacy in forecasting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and rates for patients with NEPC. Implementing these predictive tools in clinical settings is anticipated to considerably enhance the care and treatment planning for individuals diagnosed with this aggressive form of prostate cancer, thus providing tailored and more precise prognostic assessments.

Purpose: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a particularly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer with a challenging prognosis. The purpose of this investigation is to craft and confirm the reliability of nomograms that can accurately forecast the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates for individuals afflicted with NEPC. Materials and Methods: Data pertaining to patients diagnosed with NEPC within the timeframe of 2010 to 2020 was meticulously gathered and examined from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER). To predict OS and CSS, we devised and authenticated two distinct nomograms, utilizing predictive variables pinpointed through both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: The study encompassed 393 of NEPC patients, who were systematically divided into training and validation cohorts at a 2:1 ratio. Key prognostic factors were isolated, verified, and integrated into the respective nomograms for OS and CSS. The performance metrics, denoted by C-indices, stood at 0.730, 0.735 for the training set, and 0.784, 0.756 for the validation set. The precision and clinical relevance of the nomograms were further corroborated by the analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analyses. Conclusions The constructed nomograms have demonstrated impressive efficacy in forecasting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and rates for patients with NEPC. Implementing these predictive tools in clinical settings is anticipated to considerably enhance the care and treatment planning for individuals diagnosed with this aggressive form of prostate cancer, thus providing tailored and more precise prognostic assessments.

Purpose: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a particularly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer with a challenging prognosis. The purpose of this investigation is to craft and confirm the reliability of nomograms that can accurately forecast the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates for individuals afflicted with NEPC. Materials and Methods: Data pertaining to patients diagnosed with NEPC within the timeframe of 2010 to 2020 was meticulously gathered and examined from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER). To predict OS and CSS, we devised and authenticated two distinct nomograms, utilizing predictive variables pinpointed through both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: The study encompassed 393 of NEPC patients, who were systematically divided into training and validation cohorts at a 2:1 ratio. Key prognostic factors were isolated, verified, and integrated into the respective nomograms for OS and CSS. The performance metrics, denoted by C-indices, stood at 0.730, 0.735 for the training set, and 0.784, 0.756 for the validation set. The precision and clinical relevance of the nomograms were further corroborated by the analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analyses. Conclusions The constructed nomograms have demonstrated impressive efficacy in forecasting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and rates for patients with NEPC. Implementing these predictive tools in clinical settings is anticipated to considerably enhance the care and treatment planning for individuals diagnosed with this aggressive form of prostate cancer, thus providing tailored and more precise prognostic assessments.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Mudan Granules combined with pentoxifylline in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with early renal disease and analyze its impact on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Methods A total of 164 patients with T2DM and early renal disease admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province between May 2022 and October 2023 were enrolled and randomly divided into observation group(n=82) and control group (n=82) using a random number table in a 1-to-1 ratio. The control group received pentoxifylline treatment, while the observation group received Mudan granules combined with pentoxifylline. The clinical effects and changes in renal function indicators[serum creatinine (SCr), urea nitrogen, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)], TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway indicators (TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB mRNA), and inflammation and oxidative stress indicators [C-reactive protein (CRP), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)] before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 97.56%, which was higher than 89.02% in the control group (P<0.05). At 6 and 12 weeks after treatment, the levels of SCr, urea nitrogen, and UACR in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment, and the levels of these indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 6 and 12 weeks after treatment, the levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB mRNA in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment, and the levels of these indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 6 and 12 weeks after treatment, the levels of GSH-PX and TAC in both groups increased, while the levels of CRP, MDA, and TGF-β1 decreased compared with those before treatment. The levels of GSH-PX and TAC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, while the levels of CRP and MDA were lower (P<0.05). Conclusion Mudan Granules combined with pentoxifylline in the treatment of T2DM with early renal disease can improve renal function to a certain extent, regulate the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, and reduce inflammation and oxidative stress responses, which is beneficial for disease control.

Objective The study aimed to construct and validate a predictive model for pulmonary nodules(PN)nature based on clinicopa-thological features,imaging,and serum biomarkers,so as to provide scientificdecision-making for early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.Methods A retrospective was performed on 816 PN patients with definited pathological diagnosis who received surgical resection analysisor lung biopsy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology of Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2019 to February 2023.Among them,113 cases that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded,and the remaining 703 cases were included in the study.The study based on the clinicopathologic features(age,gender,smoking history,smoking cessation history and family history of cancer),chest imaging(maximum diameter of nodule,location of lesion,clear border,Lobulation,spiculation,vascular convergence sign,vacuole,calcification,air bronchial sign,emphysema,nodule type and pleural indentation,nodule number)and serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1),squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCCA)in patients with PN.These cases were randomly divided into a modeling group(n=552,237 benign,315 malignant)and a validation group(n=151,85 benign,66 malignant).First,univariate analysis was performed to screen for statistically significant predictors of nodules nature.Then,multivariate regression analysis was performed to screen for independent predictors of nodules nature.Finally,the prediction model of PN nature was constructed by logistic regression analysis.Subsequently,the validation group data were entered into the proposed model and Mayo clinic(Mayo)model,veterans affairs(VA)model,Brock University(Brock)model,Peking University(PKU)model and Guangzhou Medical University(GZMU)model,respectively.PN malignancy probability was calculated.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted.The diagnostic efficiency of each model was compared according to the area under the curve(AUC).Results There were statistically significant variables including age,family history of cancer,maximum nodule diameter,nodule type,upper lobe of lung,calcification,vascular convergence sign,lobulation,clear border,spiculation,and serum CEA,SCCA,CYFRA21-1 using univariate analysis.Multiple regression analysis showed that age,CEA,clear border,CYFRA21-1,SCCA,upper lobe of lung,maximum nodule diameter,family history of cancer,spiculation and nodule type were independent predictors of PN nature.The prediction model equation constructed in this study is as follows:f(x)= ex/(1+ex),X=(-6.318 8+0.020 8×Age+0.527 4×CEA-0.928 4×clear border+0.294 6×Cyfra21-1+0.294×maximum nodule diameter+1.220 1×family history of cancer +0.573 2×upper lobe of lung +0.064 8×SCCA +1.461 5×Spiculation +1.497 6×nodule type).The AUC(0.799 vs 0.659,0.650)of the proposed model was significantly higher compared with Mayo model and VA model,and there were statistically significant differences(Z=3.029,2.638,P=0.003,0.008).However,compared with Brock model,PKU model and GZMU model,the differences of AUC(0.799 vs 0.762,0.773,0.769)were not statistically significant(Z=1.063,0.686,0.757,P=0.288,0.493,0.449).Conclusion The prediction model for PN nature established in this study is accurate and reliable,which can help clinics with early diagnosis and early intervention,and this prediction model deserves to be popularized.

BACKGROUND:Low to moderate intensity aerobic exercise can help protect knee cartilage.Long-chain non-coding RNAs are crucial for gene regulation.Among them,HOTAIR can activate numerous transcriptional co-repressors to repress the activation of certain genes. OBJECTIVE:To detect the expression levels of HOX transcript antisense RNA(HOTAIR)and other related factors in chondrocytes of high fat-fed mice and after low to moderate intensity exercise intervention,and to investigate their role in cartilage injury and sports rehabilitation. METHODS:Thirty C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into control group(normal feeding),high fat feeding group and high fat feeding plus treadmill exercise group,with 10 mice in each group.The mice in the high fat feeding plus treadmill exercise group were subjected to an 8-week low to middle intensity treadmill exercise,and the mice in the other two groups were caged.During this period,body mass was weighed every week on Sunday.After the 8-week exercise,both lower extremities of mice were taken,and the knee joint was scanned using Micro CT to make a 3D femoral condyle image to obtain relevant parameters.Hematoxylin-eosin and safranin O-fast green staining of the knee joint were performed for Mankin and Osteoarthritis Research Society International(OARSI)scoring.RT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA levels of cartilage metabolic indicators and lipid metabolism indicators,including type II collagen,matrix metalloproteinase 13,interleukin 1,low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5,HOTAIR and its downstream factor lysine specific demethylase 1. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The body mass of high fat-fed mice were higher than that of the control group(P<0.01),and the body mass of the high fat feeding plus treadmill exercise group was lower than that of the high fat feeding group(P<0.05).The connectivity density of high fat-fed mice was higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).Mankin and OARSI scores of the high fat feeding were higher than those of the control group(P<0.01)and high fat feeding plus treadmill exercise group(P<0.05).The mRNA level of type II collagen was higher in the control group than the high fat feeding plus treadmill exercise group(P<0.05)and high fat feeding group(P<0.01)as well as higher in the high fat feeding plus treadmill exercise group than the high fat feeding group(P<0.01).The mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase 13,interleukin 1,low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5,HOTAIR and lysine specific demethylase 1 were higher in the high fat feed group than the control group and high fat feeding plus treadmill exercise group(P<0.01).To conclude,high fat feeding can increase the bone substance of the femoral condyle,lead to knee cartilage wear,and cause chondrocyte metabolism disorder.HOTAIR is highly expressed in this process.An 8-week low to middle intensity treadmill exercise can reduce body mass,alleviate knee cartilage wear,improve chondrocyte function and down-regulate HOTAIR expression in mice.

Objective To observe the role of dried tangerine peel in Yigong Powder improves iron metabolism and promotes red blood cell generation in anemia of chronic disease (ACD).Methods With a two-by-two factorial design,the Yigong Powder was divided into dried tangerine peel and Chenpi absent Decoction. According to the random number table method,32 zymosan-induced generalized inflammation (ZIGI) mice were randomly divided into the model group,the dried tangerine peel group,the Chenpi absent Decoction group,and the Yigong Powder group. The dried tangerine peel group,Chenpi absent Decoction group and the Yigong Powder group were given dried tangerine peel(3.083 g/kg),Chenpi absent Decoction(12.33g/kg),and Yigong Powder(15.413g/kg)by gavage to the corresponding group of mice. The model group was given an equal amount of physiological saline by gavage,and treated continuously for 7 days. After the completion of administration,the body weight of each group of mice was recorded. The hemoglobin content of each group of mice was detected using a fully automatic cell counter,the serum iron content was detected using colorimetry,the serum ferritin content was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and the spleen index was calculated. The liver tissue inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β),interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interferon-γ (IFN-γ),interleukin-4 (IL-4),and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were detected using Luminex method. The mRNA expressions of liver tissue hepcidin gene (HAMP) and membrane iron transporter ( Fpn) were detected using real-time fluorescence PCR method. Results Dried tangerine peel and Chenpi absent Decoction both showed interactive effects in regulating hemoglobin,serum iron,serum ferritin content,improving spleen index,and regulating the mRNA expressions of HAMP,Fpn,as well as IL-1β and IFN-γ (P<0.05). Compared with the model group,dried tangerine peel significantly increased hemoglobin,serum iron content,and Fpn mRNA expression in ZIGI model mice,while decreasing ferritin content,spleen index,HAMP mRNA expression,and the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,and IFN-γ (P<0.05). Chenpi absent Decoction significantly increased serum iron content and Fpn mRNA expression in ZIGI model mice,while reducing spleen index,ferritin content,HAMP mRNA expression,and the levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ、IL-4 (P<0.05). Conclusion The effects of dried tangerine peel on inflammatory factors (IL-6 and TNF-α) and Fpn may play a key role in the improvement effects of Yigong Powder on ACD and iron metabolism.

Objective·To investigate the expression of miR-146a in peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and its correlation with inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6).Methods·A total of 30 active RA patients who received medical treatment and 30 healthy controls who underwent physical examinations at the People's Hospital of Longhua,Shenzhen from August 2019 to July 2021 were selected.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and CD4+T lymphocytes were isolated from venous blood extracted from RA patients and healthy controls,respectively.Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)was used to detect the expression of miR-146a in peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocytes,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of TNF-α and IL-6.After transfection of the peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocytes of RA patients with miR-146a mimic,the expression of miR-146a,TNF-α and IL-6 was detected again.The correlations between miR-146a expression and TNF-α and IL-6 expression in RA patients,both before and after transfection,were analyzed by using Pearson correlation coefficient.Results·Before transfection with miR-146a mimic,the expression levels of miR-146a,TNF-α and IL-6 in peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocytes of RA patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls(all P＜0.001).After transfection,the expression of miR-146a in peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocytes of RA patients was significantly higher,and the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly lower(all P＜0.001).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression of miR-146a in peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocytes of RA patients,both before and after transfection,was positively correlated with the expression of TNF-α and IL-6,respectively(r=0.959,P＜0.001;r=0.916,P＜0.001;r=0.971,P＜0.001;r=0.861,P＜0.001).Conclusion·miR-146a can regulate the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocytes of RA patients,indicating that miR-146a may play a role in the pathogenesis of RA.