Objective To investigate the glucose metabolism changes of cerebral ischemic area after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in cat on 18 *"FDG-PET scans.Methods A permanent focal cerebral ischemia model of cat was established by electrocoagulating the terminal of left middle cerebral artery via a transorbital approach. 15 minutes before MCAO, 0.5 mCi 18 *"FDG were intravenous bolus injection.15 minutes, 1 h, 3 h, and 6 h after ischemia, 18 *"FDG-PET were performed and the SUV were measured. After neurological examination, the cats were killed for performing TTC stainnig.Results The SUV of ischemic area were highter than that of contralateral and control area(P

AIM: To investigate the mutation type in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS-I) patients. METHODS: The mutation type and polymorphism site in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district MPS-I patients were detected by PCR-RFLP, SSCP and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: ① There is a new mutation (1278-g-a) in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district MPS-I patients. ② There is no the common mutation (W402X and Q70X) of European patients and the common mutation (R89Q) of Japanese patients in the 10 families we studied. CONCLUSION: The mutation type in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district MPS-I patients is different from that of other countries and districts.

ObjectiveTo investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of primary hypothyroidism.MethodSixty patients with primary hypothyroidism were enrolled and 60 euthyroid subjects with age-,gender-,and education-matched served as control.Neuropsychological parameters were determined in all the participants.ResultThe word list learning,figure recall,picture recall,verbal fluency,digit span,and trail making A and B in subclinical hypothyroid patients were impaired as compared with the control (6.0± 1.6 vs 7.6± 1.1,7.3± 1.4 vs 8.6±1.1,9.1±1.9 vs 10.0±0.1,6.7±1.4 vs 9.1±1.2,11.4±2.5 vs 13.3±1.5,11.3±2.2 vs 12.8±1.5,8.0±1.8 vs 9.2±0.8,5.0±1.6 vs 6.7±1.6,12.5±3.8 vs 15.7±2.0,61.1±32.5 vs 41.9±10.6,82.0±40.2 vs 43.2±14.5,all P＜0.05 ).Neuropsychological dysfunctions in all 11 tests were found among moderate and severe hypothyroid patients(26.2±5.0 vs 29.4±4.7,6.3±1.5 vs 6.8±1.4,8.9±2.2 vs 9.9±0.2,28.7±9.7 vs 37.0±6.0,6.4±1.1 vs 9.4±1.3,8.5±1.0 vs 9.4±0.6,11.9±3.0 vs12.9±1.7,8.1±1.8 vs 9.5±1.1,5.1±1.7 vs 6.6±1.5,11.4±2.9 vs 15.1±2.4,55.1±12.2 vs 41.0±11.6,all P＜0.05).ConclusionThe severity of cognitive impairment is accompanied with the decrease of thyroid function,it suggests that the cognitive function must depend on the normal levels of thyroid hormones.

Objective To assess excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and to examine the main cause of EDS. Methods 96 consecutive PD patients and 98 age-matched healthy controls participated in the study. The severity of the disease was evaluated by Hoehn and Yahr stage (H&Y) and Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ (UPDRS-Ⅲ), and information of anti-PD medications was collected. The correlations among EDS and age, severity of PD, PQSI score, duration of illness and medications were analyzed. Results The mean ESS score was 6.05 (S.D.3.83) in PD patients and 4.24 (S.D.3.21) in controls (P

Objective Some researches showed that vascular risk factors might be related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), but there are still disputes among neurologists. Therefore, it was our hope to explore the possible relationship between AD and vascular factors. Methods A case-control study including 155 cognitive normal controls and 91 possible AD patients in Chinese PLA General Hospital was conducted. The patients and controls were matched for gender, occupation and education level. The relationship between AD and vascular factors was analyzed by Logistic model. The level of statistical significance of differences in single factor and multivariate analysis was P

Objective To find a sensitive index and to investigate the working memory impairment of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.Methods Fifteen patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment,15 healthy matching aging controls were performed a matching-to-sample task while event-related potential(ERP),reaction time and correct rate were recorded.Subjects were required to press a button in the match condition and another button in the conflict condition.Results In the matching condition,there was no difference between the two groups in distribution(parietal lobe),peak latency and amplitude of P300(F_ 1,28 =1.0324,P=0.3183;F_ 2,42 =0.543,P=0.585).In the conflict condition,the distribution of N270 was fore head,and its latency of patient group were more delayed than the aging group(F_ 1,28 =25.3264,P=0.000),but its amplitude showed no significant changes(F_ 1,28 =0.507,P=0.482).The result of brain mapping showed same change.Conclusion The N270 component is more sensitive than P300 to reflect the central executive function impairment of working memory in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Objective To study the relationship among Alzheimer-like neuropathologic changes and their relationship with age and sex. Methods From January 1,1986 to April 1,2000,all autopsy caus of non-demented individuals ≥40 years of age in the General Hospital of PLA were examined for Alzheimer-like neuropathologic changes in hippocampus.There were 41 female and 97 male. Senile plaques(SP),neurofibrillary tangles(NFT) were identified with modified Palmgren-stain method. Hirano bodies(HB) or granulovacuolar degeneration(GVD) were identified with HE stain methods. Results About 40% patients had Alzheimer-like neuropathological changes in hippocampus. There was a highly significant correlation was found between the incidence and severity of SP?NFT?Hirano or GVD and patients' age in the CA1 field of the hippocampus, but no significant difference between male and female. There was a strong correlation among the prevalence and numerical densities of these four types of Alzheimer-like changes. Conclusions Alzheimer-like neuropathologic changes were mainly distributed in CA1 of hippocampus. In CA1 they had relationship with age, but no relationship with sex and they had correlation each other.

Objective To compare the differences of corneal keratometry and corneal astigmatism measured by Len?star LS900 and KR-1 auto-refractor of age-related cataract. Methods Seventy-six patients with cataract (76 eyes) were in?cluded in this study. Flat keratometry (K1), steep keratometry (K2), mean keratometry (Km) and astigmatism were measured before operation by Lenstar LS900 and KR-1 auto-refractor. The parameters of astigmatism were transformed into J0 and J45 by Fourier vector transform, and which was compared. Results Values of K1, K2, Km, J0 and J45 were (43.960±1.440) D, (44.901±1.319)D, (44.430±1.336)D, 0.043±0.402 and 0.017±0.425 measured by Lenstar LS900, respectively, and which measured by KR-1 auto-refractor were (44.007 ± 1.400)D, (44.859 ± 1.338)D, (44.433 ± 1.330)D,-0.058 ± 0.322 and 0.031 ± 0.419, respectively. There was no statistical difference between these values measured by two instruments ( P>0.05). The Bland-Altman plots showed that two devices had coincident results for corneal parameters. Conclusion Lenstar LS900 and KR-1 auto-refractor can be applied in the measurement of corneal astigmatism of age-related cataract before surgery.

BACKGROUND:Osteoporosis caused by diabetes melitus as common secondary osteoporosis has been paid more and more attention recently. Zoledronic acid serves as a novel drug for osteoporosis, and its effect on osteoblasts in vivo remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the changes of the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 andNoggin in the femur of type 1 diabetes melitus rats and the effect of zoledronic acid on them. METHODS:Models of type 1 diabetes melitus were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in 130 Wistar rats. 3 days later, rats with blood sugar > 16.7 mmol/L for three consecutive times were considered as successful models, 120 in total. These models were randomly divided into model, prevention and treatment groups. Rats in the prevention and treatment groups were intravenously administered zoledronic acid (0.1 mg/kg) on the day of modeling and 2 weeks after model establishment. An additional 40 rats were injected with citrate buffer solution as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, femur bone mineral density, serum alkaline phosphatase levels, and femur bone morphogenetic protein 2 mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in the model group (P < 0.05), butNoggin mRNA expression significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, bone mineral density and bone morphogenetic protein 2 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in the prevention and treatment groups (P < 0.05), butNoggin mRNA expression significantly lower (P < 0.05), and serum alkaline phosphatase levels gradualy restored. These results indicated that the bone metabolic disturbance occurs in early stage in rats with type 1 diabetes melitus. Zoledronic acid can promote bone formation, increase bone density, and improve bone metabolism.

AIM: To investigate the mutatation type and polymorphism site in the ?-L-iduronidase (IDUA) gene of Liaoning district MPS-I patients. METHODS: The mutation type and polymorphism site in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I) patients were detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: ① 2 new mutations: R363H, 880+g-c in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district MPS-I patients were found. ② There were 3 polymorphism sites: R105Q、L118 and A361T in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district MPS-I patients. CONCLUSIONS: The mutation type in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district MPS-I patients is different from that of other countries and districts, while the polymorphism site in the IDUA gene of Liaoning district MPS-I patients is the same as that of other countries. [