Radiation therapy is one of the main treatment methods for patients with thoracic malignant tumors, which can effectively improve the survival rate of the patients. However, radiation therapy can also cause damage to normal tissues while treating tumors, leading to radiation-induced lung injury such as radiation pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis. Radiation-induced lung injury is a complex pathophysiological process involving many factors, and its prevention and treatment is one of the difficult problems in the field of radiation medicine. Therefore, the search for sensitive predictors of radiation-induced lung injury can guide clinical radiotherapy and reduce the incidence of radiation-induced lung injury. With the in-depth study of intestinal flora, it can drive immune cells or metabolites to reach lung tissue through the circulatory system to play a role, and participate in the occurrence, development and treatment of lung diseases. At present, there are few studies on intestinal flora and radiation-induced lung injury. Therefore, this paper will comprehensively elaborate the interaction between intestinal flora and radiation-induced lung injury, so as to provide a new direction and strategy for studying the protective effect of intestinal flora on radiation-induced lung injury.
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Humans ; Lung Injury/prevention & control* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy* ; Lung/pathology* ; Radiation Injuries/metabolism* ; Thoracic Neoplasms

In recent years, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a huge impact on the global medical, political and economic fields. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic, our understanding of the impact of COVID-19 has grown exponentially. Recently, the COVID-19 epidemic has changed rapidly in China, and there has been controversy over how to carry out surgical operations for patients with lung neoplastic lesions. Some studies have shown that lung cancer patients undergoing surgery are more likely to experience respiratory failure and perioperative death after contracting COVID-19 than the general population, however, delays in cancer treatment are also associated with increased mortality among these patients. In particular, the novel coronavirus Omikron variant has a higher transmissibility and may escape the immunity obtained through the previous novel coronavirus infection and vaccination. In order to minimize the risk of novel coronavirus infection in surgical patients, it is necessary to develop new treatment guidelines, expert consensus and preventive measures. However, the current rapid change of the epidemic situation has led to insufficient time and evidence to develop guidelines and consensus. Therefore, thoracic surgeons need to evaluate specific patient populations at higher risk of severe complications before surgery and weigh the benefit of surgical treatment against the risk of novel coronavirus infection. We try to give some recommendations on lung surgery during the current domestic epidemic situation based on the guidelines and consensus of oncology and thoracic surgery organizations in different regions on lung surgery.
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Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/complications* ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ; Pandemics/prevention & control* ; Lung

As multi-modality treatments are now able to ensure better local control and a lower rate of extra-cranial metastasis, brain metastasis has become a major concern in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is now a standard treatment for patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), it decreases the incidence of brain metastases and increases the survival rate. Despite the relatively high incidence of brain metastases in LA-NSCLC, the role of PCI in patients treated with radical intent has not been established yet. The objective of this systematic review was to establish whether PCI prevents the development of brain metastasis and increases survival in LA-NSCLC patients, the characteristics of the benefit patients, the tolerance and toxicity, the effective dose and timing of PCI. The main concern in this review is to establish the definitive role of PCI in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC.
Biomedical Research ; Brain Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; secondary ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; prevention & control ; secondary ; Cranial Irradiation ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; prevention & control ; secondary ; Survival Rate

Objective: To analyze the data of malignant tumor mortality and change in disease burden in Hebei province from 1973 to 2013. Methods: Cancer mortality rate, age-standardized mortality rate and the years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs) were calculated by using the data from three rounds of all death causes survey and database of cancer registry in Hebei during 1973-2013. Results: From 1973 to 2013, a linear upward of malignant tumor mortality was observed, with a 51.57% increase. The mortality rate during 1973-1975 was 98.52/100 000 and it was 149.33/100 000 during 2011-2013. During 1973-1975, the YLLs was 17.0/1 000 in males and 12.8/1 000 in females. While during 2011-2013, the YLLs was 23.2/1 000 in males and 15.9/1 000 in females. During 1973-1975, esophagus cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer were top three leading causes of deaths. During 2011-2013, lung cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer were main leading causes of deaths. During the past 40 years, the deaths of esophagus cancer and cervix cancer decreased dramatically, but the deaths of lung cancer and breast cancer increased sharply. Conclusions: The disease burden caused by malignant tumor is becoming more serious in Hebei. It is necessary to strengthen the primary prevention and screening of malignant tumor.
Breast Neoplasms ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Mortality/trends* ; Mortality, Premature ; Neoplasms/mortality* ; Primary Prevention ; Reference Standards ; Registries ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Green tea is a popular beverage and its health benefits are well known. However, inconsistent results have been reported in observational studies concerning the association between green tea consumption and the lung cancer risk. In this commentary, several methodological issues underlying the measurement of tea exposure are highlighted. The recommendations should be useful for designing and planning prospective cohort studies to ascertain the protective effect of green tea against lung cancer.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/*etiology/prevention & control ; Risk Assessment ; Tea/*adverse effects

To explore the status of acupuncture and moxibustion for prevention and treatment of lung cancer in current years; literature regarding acupuncture and moxibustion for prevention and treatment of lung cancer between 2003 and 2013 from SCI journals was retrieved and analyzed. As a result, 20 papers were included, which were published in 17 journals including Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chest, Respirology and Lung Cancer, etc. Of them, 3 papers discussed the effects of acupuncture on progressing of lung cancer; 4 articles confirmed that acupuncture could reduce myelosuppression and digestive tract reactions induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy; 6 papers showed that acupuncture could relieve pain or fatigue of lung cancer; 3 papers indicated that acupuncture could palliate dyspnea in lung cancer patients. It is concluded by domestic and overseas researches that acupuncture and moxibustion are effective and safe for symptoms of lung cancer, which is worthy of further study.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Bibliometrics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Moxibustion ; Publications ; statistics & numerical data

Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Risk Assessment ; Thoracoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods

Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence in China. Early detection and identification of symptomatic lung cancer patients and timely screen out asymptomatic patients from high-risk groups require multiple cooperation. At present, although combined imaging, serology, genomics, proteomics and other methods have been combined to screen for suspected lung cancer, there are still problems such as missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Meanwhile, the spread of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has brought new challenges to early lung cancer screening. Under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the work of early lung cancer screening should be changed accordingly: improve the population's awareness of cancer prevention and control, strengthen the management of medical procedures, improve the efficiency of tumor detection, optimize detection technology, and utilize internet and big data platforms rationally. We should establish an ideal model, combining multiple screening methods, which is streamlined and efficient for early lung cancer screening under normal epidemic prevention and control.
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COVID-19/epidemiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/prevention & control*

The modifying potential of capsaicin (CAP) on lesion development was examined in a rat multiorgan carcinogenesis model. Groups 1 and 2 were treated sequentially with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (100 mg/kg, ip, single dose at commencement), N-methylnitrosourea (MNU) (20 mg/kg, ip, 4 doses at days 2, 5, 8, and 11), and N,N-dibutylnitrosamine (DBN) (0.05% in drinking water during weeks 3 and 4). Group 3 received vehicles without carcinogens during the initiation period. Group 4 served as the untreated control. After this initiating procedure, Groups 2 and 3 were administered a diet containing 0.01% CAP. All surviving animals were killed 20 weeks after the beginning of the experiment and the target organs examined histopathologically. The induction of GST-P+ hepatic foci in rats treated with carcinogens was significantly inhibited by treatment with CAP. CAP treatment significantly decreased the incidence of adenoma of the lung but increased the incidence of papillary or nodular (PN) hyperplasia of the urinary bladder. The tumor incidence of other organs, such as the kidney and thyroid, was not significantly different from the corresponding controls. These results demonstrated that concurrent treatment with CAP not only can inhibit carcinogenesis but can also enhance it depending on the organ. Thus, this wide-spectrum initiation model could be used to confirm organ-specific modification potential and, in addition, demonstrate different modifying effects of CAP on liver, lung, and bladder carcinogenesis.
Animals ; Capsaicin/pharmacology/*toxicity ; Cocarcinogenesis ; Diethylnitrosamine ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced/prevention & control ; Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced/prevention & control ; Male ; Methylnitrosourea ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*chemically induced/prevention & control ; Nitrosamines ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/chemically induced

Acute Pain ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Chronic Pain ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; surgery ; Pneumonectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted