Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging* ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis*

Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; classification ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiography

Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) refer to the subtle or mild signs of ILAs pulmonary parenchyma on chest HRCT scans, which are not yet sufficient to diagnose a certain interstitial lung disease, may be potentially compatible an early stage of the diseases. The signs of ILAs usually includes ground-glass opacities, reticular abnormakicies, honeycombing, traction bronchiectasis or non-emphysematous cysts. This article reviews the research progreses in the definition and classification, risk factors, prognosis, comorbidities and management of ILAs in combination with domestic and foreign literatures.
Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Diagnosis, Differential

Animals ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias ; pathology ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; classification ; pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo investigate the high-resolution computed tomographic (HRCT) features of infants with diffuse lung disease (DLD) for improving the diagnostic accuracy clinically.

METHODTotally 75 infants under 2 years of age with DLD (2010-2013) were involved in this study. Among them, 56 were males and 19 females, aged from 2 days to 24 months (mean age was 10.9 months). According to the clinical or pathological data, the cases were enrolled into three groups, including systemic diseases-associated infantile DLD (30 cases), alveolar structure disorders-associated infantile DLD (23 cases), and infantile DLD specific to infancy (22 cases). Retrospectively, HRCT images, from the three groups respectively, were analyzed and compared. HRCT presentations including airway disorders, interstitial disorders and air space disorders were reviewed. Inter-reviewers consistency check was performed, the consistency between reviewers was good (K = 0.64;P = 0.03, < 0.05), as well as χ(2) test.

RESULTAmong the three groups, some of the HRCT sings (bronchiectasis, thickened bronchiolar wall, mosaic sign, reticular, intralobular nodules and consolidations) had significant differences (χ(2) = 24.52, 6.08, 18.00, 12.56, 9.11 and 11.50, P < 0.05) .

CONCLUSIONThe HRCT features of infantile pulmonary DLD/interstitial LD with different causes were as follows, compared to the other two groups, intralobular nodules was the main feature of the systemic diseases-associated infantile DLD, thickened bronchiolar wall, mosaic sign and consolidations were rare as well. Meanwhile, bronchiectasis was more common in alveolar structural disorders-associated infantile DLD, and reticular opacity was rarely seen. Associated clinical data, the HRCT presentations would help clinicians to make accurate diagnosis.

Bronchial Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the pathologic features, differential diagnosis and role of open lung biopsies (OLB) in usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP).

METHODThe authors reviewed the pathologic, clinical and radiologic features of five cases of UIP (one autopsy case and four OLB cases), with follow-up information.

RESULTSThe typical histologic features were a non-uniform distribution of alveolar inflammation, fibroblastic foci, interstitial fibrosis and honeycomb change. There also was associated metaplasia of bronchiolar epithelium, type II pneumocyte hyperplasia and accumulation of alveolar macrophages.

CONCLUSIONSCharacteristically, UIP exhibits temporal heterogeneity under low-power light microscopy, which includes changes in both the early and end stages. Open lung biopsy is an important diagnostic adjunct for suitable patients with atypical radiologic features on computerized tomography. Correlation between clinical, radiologic and pathologic findings is also essential for a correct diagnosis.

Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Algorithms ; Biopsy, Needle ; Child ; China ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; classification ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Mass Screening ; Societies, Medical ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Glycogen Storage Disease ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; growth & development ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; classification ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Neurosecretory Systems ; pathology ; Pediatrics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; metabolism ; pathology ; Silicosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vimentin ; metabolism