In this paper, we focus on the characteristics of LUS in diagnosing childhood pulmonary disease. LUS is convenient, noninvasive, and free of radiation. It helps in the differentiation of lung diseases. Therefore, LUS has the potential to become a reference instrument for bedside dynamic respiratory monitoring. We hope that this review will help clinicians become acquainted with LUS and will accelerate the extensive application of LUS in children.
Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging* ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis*

Child ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnostic imaging*

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Pneumonia ; diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Edema ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography, Thoracic

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; classification ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiography

Percutaneous pulmonary puncture guided by computed tomography (CT) is one of the most effective tools for obtaining lung tissue and diagnosing lung cancer. Path planning is an important procedure to avoid puncture complications and reduce patient pain and puncture mortality. In this work, a path planning method for lung puncture is proposed based on multi-level constraints. A digital model of the chest is firstly established using patient's CT image. A Fibonacci lattice sampling is secondly conducted on an ideal sphere centered on the tumor lesion in order to obtain a set of candidate paths. Finally, by considering clinical puncture guidelines, an optimal path can be obtained by a proposed multi-level constraint strategy, which is combined with oriented bounding box tree (OBBTree) algorithm and Pareto optimization algorithm. Results of simulation experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method, which has good performance for avoiding physical and physiological barriers. Hence, the method could be used as an aid for physicians to select the puncture path.
Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging* ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Punctures ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVEThis study was to assess the reliability of perfusion/ventilation (Q/V) lung scintigraphy in the diagnosis and quantitative analysis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

METHODSA total of 78 in-patients with pulmonary hypertension who had no history of congenital heart disease, valvular disease and acute pulmonary embolism were included in this study. All patients underwent Q/V scintigraphy for detecting CTEPH. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Q/V scintigraphy were defined by comparing with the results of pulmonary angiography. Percentage of Perfusion Defect score (PPDs%) was calculated in patients with CTEPH confirmed by pulmonary angiography. The correlations between PPDs% and mPAP, PPDs% and SPAP were analyzed.

RESULTSThe sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of a high-probability Q/V scintigraphy interpretation were 96.0%, 81.1% and 86.9%, respectively, compared with 100%, 69.8% and 79.5% for the combination of high- and intermediate- probability Q/V scintigraphy interpretation. PPDs% was significantly correlated with mPAP and SPAP (r = 0.538 for mPAP, P < 0.01 and r = 0.456 for SPAP, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPerfusion/ventilation lung scintigraphy is a valuable technique for diagnosis and quantitative analysis of CTEPH.

Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Embolism ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio

This paper reviews the current state of the technique of multislice CT (MSCT) scan and imaging postprocessing of CT pulmonary angiography, as well as the CT features of different pulmonary arterial diseases. Investigations demonstrate that MSCT and CTA are available means to visualize pulmonary artery structures and the anatomic correlation between pulmonary artery and adjacent structures. They are fast, effective and noninvasive methods for diagnosing pulmonary arterial diseases.
Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood supply ; Pulmonary Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Embolism ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Perfusion Imaging ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated ; methods ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods