50 cases of lung cancer including 14 squamous carcinomas, 18 adenocarcinomas, 8 large cell carcinomas, 8 small cell carcinomas and 2 adeno-squamous carcinomas were diagnosed cytologically and confirmed by histological conformation. Criteria of cytologic diagnosis were presented and discussed
Lung Neoplasms ; Carcinoma ; cytology

Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; Silicosis ; pathology

Macrophages are highly plastic and can be polarized into classical activated macrophages (M1) and alternative activated macrophages (M2) under the induction of inflammatory factors and regulation of a variety of information molecules. Chronic pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary parenchyma injury are the main pathological manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). M1 promotes pulmonary inflammation, whereas M2 inhibits inflammatory response, participates in lung tissue injury and repair, and swallows and removes pathogenic microorganisms and apoptotic cells. Target intervention in the polarization direction of macrophages may be a new strategy for COPD treatment.
Humans ; Lung ; Macrophages ; cytology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the homing and differentiation of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) transplanted intravenously in smoke inhalation injured rabbits.

METHODSThirty-two New Zealand big ear rabbits were divided into normal control group (NC), inhalation injury group (II), normal control + MSC treatment group (NM), and MSC treatment group (MT) according to the random number table, with 8 rabbits in each group. Rabbits in NC group were injected with 10 mL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) via ear marginal vein. Rabbits in NM group were injected with 10 mL PBS containing the third generation MSC labeled by BrdU (1 × 10(7) per 10 mL PBS) via ear marginal vein. Severe smoke inhalation injury model was reproduced in the other two groups, among them rabbits in II group were treated as rabbits in NC group, rabbits in MT group treated as rabbits in NM group. On the 7th and 28th day post treatment (PTD), lung tissue and trachea tissue were harvested from four groups for observation on injury with HE staining. Homing of MSC in injured tissue was observed with immunohistochemistry staining. The differentiation of MSC into functional cells was observed with immunohistochemical double staining of combining nuclear marker BrdU with lung (trachea) membrane-specific marker aquaporin-5 (AQP-5), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), CD34, and cytokeratin respectively.

RESULTS(1) MSC homing in lung and trachea tissue was observed in MT group on PTD 7, which was not observed in NM group. (2) AQP-5, AKP, and CD34 positive MSC were observed in lung tissue in MT group on PTD 28, while cytokeratin positive MSC was not observed in trachea tissue. No positively marked MSC was observed in NM group. (3) Injury in lung and trachea was less severe in MT group than in II group; and the proliferation of fibroblasts was less in MT group.

CONCLUSIONSIntravenous injection of MSC to rabbits with smoke inhalation injury can migrate to lung and trachea tissue at obviously inflammatory site, and differentiate into alveolar epithelial cells typeI and II, and pulmonary vascular endothelial cells, which may participate in the process of tissue repair in smoke inhalation injury.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Lung ; cytology ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; cytology ; Rabbits ; Smoke Inhalation Injury ; pathology ; Trachea ; cytology

OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression profile of heat shock proteins (HSPs) including HSP70, inducible HSP90 (HSP86) and aB-crystallin in cells and tissues of lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Western blotting and reverse transcriptional-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed to detect the expression of HSP70, HSP86 and aB-crystallin both in the protein and mRNA level respectively. RESULTS: Compared with normal lung tissue and human bronchial epithelium (HBE) cells, RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the expression of HSP70, HSP86 and alphaB crystallin increased significantly in both the mRNA and protein level in the cancer tissue and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Among the 3 sub-families of HSPs, the expression of HSP70 mRNA and protein increased most in both the lung tissue of cancer and A549 human adenocarcinoma cell lines. CONCLUSION The expression of HSPs is higher in the lung adenocarcinoma and A549 cells than that in the normal lung tissues and HBE cells. Among the HSP family, HSP70 is the most up-regulated member in the tissue and cells of lung adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

This study was aimed to investigate the distribution of compact bone mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) marked with lentiviral plasmid pGC FU-RFP-LV in lung tissue and bone marrow of mouse. The MSC were infected by lentivirus with infection efficiency 78%, the infected MSC were injected into BALB/c mice via tail veins in concentration of 1×10(6) /mouse. The mice were randomly divided into 4 group according to 4 time points as 1, 2, 5 and 7 days. The lung tissue and bone marrow were taken and made of frozen sections and smears respectively in order to observed the distributions of MSC. The results indicated that the lentiviral infected MSC displayed phenotypes and biological characteristics which conformed to MSC by immunophenotyping analysis and induction differentiation detection. After the MSC were infected with optimal viral titer MOI = 50, the cell growth no significantly changed; the fluorescent microscopy revealed that the distributions of MSC in bone marrow on day 1, 2, 5 and 7 were 0.50 ± 0.20, 0.67 ± 0.23, 0.53 ± 0.14, 0.33 ± 0.16; those in lung tissue were 0.55 ± 0.15, 0.47 ± 0.13, 0.29 ± 0.13, 0.26 ± 0.08. It is concluded that the distribution of MSC in lung tissue reaches a peak on day 1, while distribution of MSC in bone marrow reaches a peak on day 2. The distribution of mouse MSC relates with RFP gene expression and implantation of MSC in lung tissue and bone marrow.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Bone and Bones ; cytology ; Female ; Lung ; cytology ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

In order to analysis the effect of fetal lung mesenchymal stem cell (FL-MSC) on differentiation of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (MNC) into megakaryocytes, the fresh umbilical cord blood MNC were isolated and divided into 2 groups in the culture added with TPO, IL-11 and heparin. In the first group MNC were cultured alone and in the second group MNC were cocultured with FL-MSC. The cells were collected at day 7, 10, 14 for cell counting and detection of CD41a and CD61 by flow cytometry. The morphology and ultrastructure of megakaryocytes were observed by immunohistochemistry method and transmission electron microscopy at day 14. The content of DNA was analyzed by flow cytometry at day 14 too. The results indicated that the of CD41a+ and CD61+ cells were obtained mostly in the second group at day 10 and were in 4.5 and 4.7 fold as much as the MNC cultured alone. The morphology and ultrastructure of megakaryocytes showed immature of nuclei in both of two groups. It is concluded that the FL-MSC could effectively enhance the production of CD41a+ and CD61+ cells, where the effect on nucleus development of the young megakaryocyte was not obviously shown.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; embryology ; Megakaryocytes ; cytology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology

Pulmonary hypertension (PAH) is a common clinical syndrome characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure. The pathological changes in PAH include increased vasoconstrictor tone, thrombosis in situ and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation is a hallmark of pulmonary vascular remodeling, and exploration of the molecular mechanisms of PASMC proliferation and intervention of the involved signaling pathways is therefore of great importance for prevention and treatment of PAH. This review focus primarily on the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the proliferation of PASMCs.
Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Lung ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; Pulmonary Artery ; cytology ; Signal Transduction ; Vascular Remodeling

OBJECTIVETo study the role of cyclin D1 in malignant transformation of human embryonic lung diploid fibroblasts (HELF) induced by quartz.

METHODSpXJ41-cyclin D1 expressing sense and antisense cyclin D1 RNA were transinfected into malignant transformed HELF induced by quartz with DNA recombination and gene transduction. The expression of cyclin D1 was detected with hybridization in situ and immunohistochemistry methods to analyze changes in cell growth, double multiplication time, distribution of cell cycles, colony forming ability on soft agar, etc., before and after cyclin D1 transduction.

RESULTSDuring the process of malignant transformation of HELF induced by quartz, cyclin D1 gene was overexpressed. Antisense pXJ41-cyclin D1 RNA could suppress the growth and proliferation of malignant transformed cells induced by quartz. Growth speed of antisense pXJ41-cyclin D1 transinfected cells decreased by 58.69% on the 8th day in culture, as compared to malignant transformed cells induced by quartz, and its double multiplication time prolonged from 21.0 h to 31.4 h. Antisense cyclin D1 RNA led to cell cycle arrest, resulting in lengthened G1 phase (proportion of cells in phase G1 increased to 52.7% from 45.1% and that of cells in phase S decreased to 33.1% from 40.3%). Colony forming rate reduced significantly and size of colony became smaller.

CONCLUSIONSAbnormal expression of cyclin D1 in cells related to their malignant transformation induced by quartz. Highly expressed cyclin D1 could play an important role in maintaining the transformed phenotype of malignant cells.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin D1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; Quartz ; toxicity

To investigate the effect of low power helium neon laser (He-Ne laser) on the telomere length of human fetal lung diploid fibroblast (2BS) cell, we used the laser (gamma = 632. 8 nm, P = 2 mW) to treat the young 2BS cells. Cell growth and proliferation was observed through MTT method after treating with low power laser. The relative telomere length of 2BS cells was detected by fluorescence real-time quantitative PCR (q-PCR). The results showed that the cells of the treated groups grew better than the untreated groups. The telomere DNA length of the old 2BS cells, treated by low power He-Ne laser when they were young, was longer than that of untreated group. The results of the present study indicated that the low power He-Ne laser might decrease shortening rate of telomere and delay the aging of cells. Therefore, this study provides the experimental basis for us to further investigate the effect of low power laser on cell aging at the gene level.
Cell Line ; Cellular Senescence ; radiation effects ; Fetus ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Lasers ; Lung ; cytology ; Telomere Homeostasis ; radiation effects