Objective To find out the relation between element (non-iodized salt and iodized salt that below standard) and epidemic strength of iodine deficiency disorders and level of iodine, in order to find out the factors affecting the result of using iodized salt in controlling of this disorders. Methods Retrospective analyses was used in the study. Six counties were selected randomly from Zhangjiakou every year from 2000 to 2008, and these counties were randomly divided into non-iodized salt group (the ratio of non-iodized salt > 5%), iodized salt below standard group (the ratio of qualified iodized salt < 95%) and control group (the ratio of using qualified iodized salt > 95%). The indexes from different groups were compared as well as the ratio of large thyroid syndrome in children aged 8-10 years and the level of iodine in urine. Results The number of iodized salt monitored were 12 468 units from 2000 to 2008. We examined 5655 children's thyroid and collected 4404 urine samples. The median was 30.1 mg/kg for the average of iodized salt and 7.30% (232/3180) for ratio of non-iodized salt in noniodized salt group, while 30.9 mg/kg and 93.10%(3776/4056) in iodized salt below standard group, and 32.0 mg/kg and 99.27%(5194/5232) in control group. Compared the median of the three groups[5.31%(78/1468) ,4.84% (92/1902) ,2.06% (47/2285)], we observed significant difference (χ2 = 72.07, P < 0.05), especially the ratio of large thyroid in non-iodized salt group which was apparently higher than that of the control group (χ2 = 8.70, P < 0.017). However there was no significant difference between iodized salt below standard group and non-iodized salt group(χ2 = 6.83, P > 0.017) and control group(χ2 = 5.65, P > 0.017). The median of urinary iodine was 188.20 μg/L in non-iodized salt group, 219.62 μg/L in iodized salt below standard group and 262.39 μg/L in control group, indicated that the index in control group was higher than that of others. Conclusion Both of non-iodized salt and iodized salt below standard have effect on prevalence of child iodine deficiency disorders, especially the non-iodized salt.

Objective To analyze the monitoring results of urinary iodine of students aged 8 - 10 in Zhangjiakou city,problems in monitoring results,and to provide basic information for working out control strategies of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods A township(town,street) in each country of each city(district) in Zhangjiakou was selected according to 5 positions of the east,the west,the south,the north and center,and 1 village elementary school was sampled in each chosen township,twenty students(half male and female) aged 8 - 10 were selected to collect their urine samples in each school.Urinary iodine concentration was determined by arseniccerium method.Results The median of urinary iodine of the 1700 children aged 8 - 10 was 291.5 μg/L,with ＜ 50 μg/L accounted for 0.8％(13/1700),50 ～ 99 μg/L about 4.9％(83/1700),100 - 199 μg/L about 20.5％ (349/1700),200 - 299 μg/L about 29.7％(504/1700),and ≥300 μg/L about 44.9％(764/1700).Conclusions Urinary iodine has reached the elimination standard of iodine deficiency disorders in Zhangjiakou city.But the situation of more than adequate amount of urinary iodine and iodine excess is relatively serious and it is necessary to lower iodine concentration.

ObjectiveTo master iodized salt monitoring results in Zhangjiakou city Hebei province,search problems in these monitoring results,and provide a basis for the development of control measures to iodine deficiency disorders.MethodsBy 2010,in Zhangjiakou city,nine salt samples were collected to detect the iodine level in each processing,packing and wholesale enterprise according to their orientation of east,west,north,south and center positions.In each county(district) with nine townships(towns,street offices) and more,nine townships (towns,street offices) were selected according to their east,west,south,north and center positions,in each township (town,street office ) selected,four villages (neighborhoods) were selected,eight residents per household in each village (neighborhood) chosen were selected,and an edible salt was collected in each household to test iodine level; in a county(district) with nine or less townships(towns,street offices),five townships(towns,district offices) were selected according to their east,west,south,north and center positions,four villages (neighborhoods) were selected,and 15 residents per household in each village(neighborhood) were selected to test the iodine level in an edible salt samples;after population-weighted calculation,indicators of iodized salt monitoring were calculated.ResultsA batch quality pass rate of processing,packing and wholesale enterprise was 100％(192/192); the rate of weighted non-iodized salt in a household was 0.04％(2/4932),iodized salt coverage rate was 99.96％ (4930/4932),iodized salt passing rate was 99.55％ (4908/4930),and qualified iodized salt coverage rate was 99.51％ (4908/4932).ConclusionsMonitoring indicators of iodized salt in Zhangjiakou city have reached the standand to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.However,there still have unqualified iodized salt and non-iodized salt,and the monitoring and iodized salt market management should be strengthened.

The index components contents of different time and different stubbles in honeysuckle were measured by HPLC, and were analysis by using the method of SPSS. Results showed that the content of index ingredients of different time had differences, and firstly decreased, then increased with time. The content of index ingredients of different stubbles had significantly differences, and firstly decreased, then increased with time. The chlorogenic acid contents were 2.059%-3.593%. The luteolosid contents were 0.110%-0.171%. Results indicated that the best picking buds time is before seven o'clock in the morning and evening at before and after seven o'clock, the index component content is higher. Picking buds in spring and at autumn index component content is higher; Picking buds in summer index component content is low. The experiment provides theoretical support for quality control in the whole process of the honeysuckle harvested and comprehensive utilization of honeysuckle.
Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flowers ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Luteolin ; analysis ; Seasons ; Time Factors

DNA ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Homicide ; Humans

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of reconstructing horizontal periodontal bone defects by tissue engineering based on bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)as seed cells and enamel matrix proteins(EMPs)as growth factors. Methods Two healthy rhesus monkeys were selected, and BMSCs were isolated from iliac marrow and serial subcultivation was conducted. The cells of induced BMSCs at passage 3 were harvested and mixed with Bio-oss collagen. The models of horizontal periodontal bone defects were established surgically in each buccal side of the posterior teeth, and were divided into four groups (blank control group, material group, cells/material group and cells/material/EMPs group). The histological and Micro-CT observation were carried out 8 weeks later. Results In the blank control group, the defects were filled with fibrous connective tissue. There was newly-formed alveolar bone in the material group. In the cells/material group, periodontal regeneration could be observed, while the newly-formed cementum was irregular and less in quantity. In the cells/material/EMPs group, the amount of newly-formed alveolar bone was larger, and the newly-formed cementum was continuous and regular. Conclusion The tissue engineering technique of BMSCs as seed cells in combination with EMPs induction can significantly promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue.

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effects of debris spondylectomy, piecemeal spondylectomy, total en bloc spomdylectomy in treating lumbar metastatic tumors.

METHODSThe clinical data of 20 patients with lumbar metastatic tumors treated from January 2008 to October 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 8 males and 12 females, aged from 35 to 65 years old with an average of (49.50 ± 9.97) years. All patients had single solitary metastases. Four cases were in L1,5 cases in L2,4 cases in L3,4 cases in L4, and 3 cases in L5. According to the type of Tomita, type II had in 4 cases, type III in 6 cases, type IV in 6 cases, type V in 4 cases. Tokuhashi score was 12.50 ± 1.97. All patients complained with back or leg pain, VAS score was 8.13 ± 0.85. Among patients, 7 cases were treated with debris spondylectomy (group A), 7 cases with piecemeal spondylectomy (group B), 6 cases with total en bloc spondylectomy (group C). Statistical analysis was used to compare the three groups with respect to surgical trauma (including operative time, transoperative bleeding, and intraoperative blood transfusion), clinical symptoms (by VAS score at 1 week after operation), surgical procedures conditions (by AP and lateral X-rays), and long-term results (by recurrence and death information).

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 36 months with an average of (16.50 ± 7.88) months. Operative time for debris spondylectomy was (6.14 ± 0.68) h, intraoperative bleeding was (3 457.14 ± 399.40) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (2 771.43 ± 423.14) ml. Operative time for piece-meal spondylectomy was (4.93 ± 0.61) h, intraoperative bleeding was (1 942.86 ± 378.51) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (1 500.00 ± 336.65) ml. Operative time for total en bloc spondylectomy was(4.17 ± 0.67) h, intraoperative bleeding was (1 341.67 ± 361.13) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (916.67 ± 321.66) ml. There was significant differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative blood transfusion between three groups (P < 0.05). In terms of these factors, total en bloc spondylectomy had the best outcome followed by piecemeal spondylectomy. All pains had released, VAS score decreased obviously at 1 week after operation (P < 0.05), and there was no significant differences between three groups (P > 0.05). Surgical effects were well with these methods according to the evaluation of AP and lateral X-rays . At final follow-up, group A had 4 recurrences (2 with breast cancer, 1 with prostate cancer,and 1 with thyroid cancer) and 3 deaths (2 with lung cancer and 1 with thyroid cancer); group B had 2 recurrences (1 with breast cancer and 1 with prostate cancer) and 3 deaths (1 with lung cancer, 1 with breast cancer and 1 with kidney cancer);group C had no recurrences and 2 deaths for lung cancer. There was significant differences in recurrence and death between three groups (P < 0.05). In terms of these factors, total en bloc spondylectomy had the best outcome in three methods.

CONCLUSIONThree kinds of operation method can relieve pain, improve nerve function, increase the spinal stability, control the local lesions, improve the patient's quality of life in treating lumbar metastatic tumors, but total en bloc spendylectomy, respect to operative time, transoperative bleeding, intraoperative blood transfusion, tumor recurrence and death is clearly superior to other two methods.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Transfusion ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Operative Time ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Spine ; surgery

The aim of this study was to explore the clinical effect and toxicity of bortezomib combined with methylprednisolone in treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). Clinical data of 33 patients (23 male, 10 female; aged from 38 to 85 years old) were analyzed retrospectively. The median diagnosis time was 25 (2 - 120) months. 33 patients received bortezomib (0.9 - 1.1) mg/m(2) on days 1, 4, 8, 11, in combination with methylprednisolone 40 mg/d (4 cases), 80mg/d (13 cases), 120 mg/d (2 cases), 200 mg/d (9 cases), 300 mg/d (5 cases) respectively. The median follow-up time was 10(3-60) months. The used therapy courses were 1 - 8 (mean 4 courses). The results indicated that 24 cases showed the response of different degree, the overall response rate (ORR) was 72.7% (24/33). 32 patients received ≥ 2 therapy courses, and ORR was 71.9% (23/32). 16 patients received 4 therapy courses, and ORR was 93.8% (15/16 cases). 7 patients received 6 therapy courses and the ORR was 100% (7/7 cases). Main side-effects were thrombocytopenia, infection and peripheral neuropathy. The median survival time was 41.5 (2 - 120) months and the 2-year, 3-year and 5-year overall survival rate were 80%, 59.1% and 21.1%, respectively. It is concluded that bortezomib combined with methylprednisolone is an effective therapy with higher response rate, and safe in treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Boronic Acids ; administration & dosage ; Bortezomib ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; administration & dosage ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of bortezomib-combined with dexamethasone, methylprednisolone and other drugs in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). 60 MM patients including 19 de novo patients, out of them 14 patients received the treatment using regimen of bortezomib in combination with thalidomide (BT), 5 patients received bortezomib-methylprednisolone regimen (BMP). Out of 41 patients with refractory or relapsed myeloma 26 cases of MM received the treatment using regimen of bortezomib combined with methylpreamsolone (BMP), 6 cases received the treatment using regimen of bortezomib combined with cyclophosphamide, prednisone and thalidomide (BCPT), 5 cases received the treatment using regimen of bortezomib combined with cis-diaminodichloroplatimm, etoposide, cydophosphomide and dexamethasone (BDECD), 4 cases received the treatment using regimen of bortezomib combined with dexamethasone (BD). Each patient received treatment of 2-8 courses at least. Response was assessed according to the criteria of the Bladè. Adverse events were graded according to the common Toxicity Criteria, version 3.0 (NCI CTCAE, USA). The median follow-up from the start of bortezomib treatment was 9 months. The results showed that out of 19 newly diagnosed patients, 6 cares achieved CR, 6 cases achieved nearly CR, 5 cases achieved PR, 1 case achieved MR, resulting in an ORR of 94.7%. Out of 41 refractory or relapsed patients, 5 cases achieved CR, 10 cases got nearly CR, 14 cases were PR and 5 cases were MR, resulting in an ORR of 82.92%. The main toxicities were fatigue, gastrointestinal disorders, peripheral neuropathy, thrombocytopenia, herpes zoster, skin rash. All adverse events were diminished by using routine ways. In conclusion, bortezomib combined with or the drugs is a very effective regimen, its side effects are predictable and manageable.
Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Boronic Acids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Thalidomide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDVascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is an important process in the development of atherosclerosis and is associated with other cellular processes in atherogenesis. Telmisartan is reported to have partial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ activating properties and has been referred to as selective PPAR modulators, but valsartan just blocks angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 (AT1) receptors. This study aimed to compare the different effects of telmisartan and valsartan on human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) proliferation.

METHODSAbility of telmisartan and valsartan to inhibit proliferation of HASMCs was evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) in continuous cell culture. Whether the antiproliferative effects of telmisartan and valsartan depend on their effects on AngII receptors or activating the peroxisome PPAR-γ was also investigated in this study.

RESULTSTelmisartan inhibited proliferation of HASMCs by 52.4% (P < 0.01) at the concentration of 25 µmol/L and the effect depended on the dose of telmisartan, but valsartan had little effect on HASMCs proliferation (P > 0.05) and no dose response. When tested in cells stimulated with AngII, telmisartan had the same inhibition of HASMCs by 59.2% (P < 0.05) and valsartan also inhibited it by 41.6% (P < 0.05). Telmisartan and valsartan had the same effect on down-regulating AT1 receptor expression and telmisartan was superior to valsartan up-regulating AngII type 2 (AT2) receptor expression. Antiproliferative effects of telmisartan were observed when HASMCs were treated with the PPAR-γ antagonist GW9662 but antiproliferative effects of the PPAR-γ activator pioglitazone were not observed.

CONCLUSIONSTelmisartan, but not valsartan, inhibits HASMCs proliferation and has dose-dependent response without stimulation of AngII. AT2 receptor up-regulation of telmisartan contributes to its greater antiproliferative effects than valsartan. Its PPAR-γ activation does not play a critical role in inhibiting HASMCs proliferation.

Benzimidazoles ; pharmacology ; Benzoates ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; metabolism ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 ; metabolism ; Tetrazoles ; pharmacology ; Valine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Valsartan