The method of event-related potentials (ERP) was used to study the gender difference in face recognition. The stimuli in the experiment were 10 upright and 10 inverted face photos. The subjects, half female and half male, were asked to judge whether the face was upright or inverted. The results showed that the N170 wave forms were observed in the occipito-temporal regions and they were found exhibiting brain's right hemispheric dominance. The stimuli of different gender photos were noticed to have no significant impact on the N170 wave forms, but there were significant differentce in the amplitude and latency period of N170 between different gender participants. Moreover, there was marked difference in the latency period of the male participants watching the same gender face and different gender face. Similar results were not found in the ERP's latency period of female participants.
Adult ; Brain ; physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials ; Face ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Form Perception ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; physiology ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult

To explore the relationship between the expression of CD133 and pathogenesis of leukemia and MDS, immunocytochemistry method was used to examine the expression of CD133 in bone marrow cells of patients with leukemia and MDS. The results showed that the positive rate of CD133 in 41 acute leukemia patients was 51.2%. The expression of CD133 in AML patients (16/29, 55.2%) was significantly higher than that in control group (2/15, 13.3%). There was no significant difference in CD133 expression between CML and control group. The positive rate of CD133 in 9 patients with MDS was 55.56% (5/9). There was no significant difference between MDS and normal control. The expression of CD133 in all leukemia cells with CD34(+) was higher than that in leukemia cells with CD34(-), and there was significant difference in expression of CD133 between them (P < 0.05). The expression of CD133 had no relationship with the clinical prognostic factors such as sex, age, the percentage of leukemic cells in peripheral blood and in bone marrow, WBC counts, hemoglobin concentration, platelet counts and LDH level. It is concluded that the expression of CD133 in bone marrow cells of patients with AML is higher than that in control group. The expression of CD133 is significantly correlated with the expression of CD34. The high expression of CD133 may be an adverse prognostic factor in acute leukemia.
AC133 Antigen ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; immunology ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; immunology ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

The rapid development of systems biology and especially the advances in the high-throughput and comprehensive research technologies and research idea in metabonomics provide new strategies in the analysis of active components in the formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and pharmacokinetic analysis of their metabolites in vivo. Furthermore, the initiatives of metabonomics may pave a new way to explain the action mode of TCM in the light of modern sciences, while the metabonomic research achievements may contribute to the establishment of a new technique platform for evaluating the efficacy of the formula of TCM.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends ; Metabolomics ; Social Change ; Systems Biology ; Treatment Outcome

The bodies found in water are one of the most common types in forensic practice. The dis-covery site of the body is often not the drowning site. However, the determination of drowning site is vital for the identification of victim. Inorganic particles and planktons, such as granular impurities, diatoms and bacteria, are valuable markers for the diagnosis of drowning. By comparing the granular impurities and planktons in tissues and suspicious drowning mediums, the drowning site can be concluded based on their similarity of types and distribution, which has practical applied value. In this paper, the research progress on determination of drowning site is summarized to provide reference for the peers.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of ketamine on adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell proliferation inhibition and induction of apoptosis and its mechanism. METHODS: PC12 cells of rats were models for dopaminergic neuron. PC12 cells were cultured with ketamine at concentrations of 0.9, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8 and 2.1 mmol/L, respectively. The cell viability was measured by MTT method after incubation at 12, 24, 48 and 72h. Hoechst stain was used to observe the morphological changes of apoptosis. PC12 cells cultured after 48 h with different concentrations of ketamine were selected to detect apoptotic rate using flow cytometry and detect the expression of bax and bcl-2 proteins using Western blotting. RESULTS: For different concentrations of ketamine, vitality of PC12 cells significantly decreased with increase of the incubation time. Apoptosis was obviously observed using Hoechst staining. Flow cytometry showed that apoptosis rates significantly increased with increasing ketamine concentrations. CONCLUSION Ketamine can inhibit the proliferation of PC12 cell by inducing apoptosis of the PC12 cell in a concentrations-dependent manner. The underlying mechanism may be related to promoting the expression of bax and inhibiting the expression of bcl-2 in the cells.
Anesthetics, Dissociative/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects* ; Ketamine/pharmacology* ; PC12 Cells ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism* ; Rats ; Time Factors ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnostic value of double balloon enteroscope (DBE) on obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB) and to analyze etiological characteristics among different age groups.

METHODSThe clinical data of patients undergoing DBE due to OGIB in the Department of Gastroenterology in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2007 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed and compared among different age groups. Patients were divided into the young group(age≤40, n=86), the middle age group(aged 41-59, n=81), and the elderly group (age≥60, n=49). The detection of bleeding origin by DBE was compared between different age groups.

RESULTSDiagnosis rates in young, middle age, elderly group were 83.7%(72/86), 87.7%(71/81), 81.6%(40/49) without statistical differences(P>0.05). Complication rates in the young, middle age, and elderly group were 1.2%(1/86), 2.5%(2/81), 2.0%(1/49) without statistic difference(P>0.05). The most common cause in young group was diverticulum/replica malformation while the most common location was ileum. The most common cause in both middle age and elderly group was tumor.

CONCLUSIONSDBE is an effective and safe method for diagnosis of OGIB among different age groups. Each age group has its etiological characteristics. Diagnosis and therapeutic strategy based on age-related characteristics is worthy of further investigation.

We developed a method for detecting encephalitis and meningitis virus by using multiplex PCR combined with invasive reaction and a chromogenic reaction catalyzed by gold nanoparticles.Primers were designed based on the conservative regions of encephalitis and meningitis virus (Eastern equine encephalitis virus,EEEV;Western equine encephalomyelitis virus,WEEV;West Nile virus,WNV;Nipah virus,NiPA;Japanese encephalitis virus,JEV).Multiplex PCR system,invasive reaction and a chromogenic reaction catalyzed by gold nanoparticles were established to detect different encephalitis and meningitis virus in one reaction.Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV),St Louis encephalitis virus (StLEV),Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Dengue virus(DV) were used to test its specificity.Quantitative RNA transcribed in vitro and PCR fragments were used to assess its sensitivity.Clinical specimens collected from JEV patients were detected by this method.A method for detecting encephalitis and meningitis virus by using multiplex PCR,invasive reaction and a chromogenic reaction catalyzed by gold nanoparticles were successfully established.This method can detect targeted pathogens specifically,and it has no cross reaction with TBEV,StLEV,CHIKV and DV.The detecting limitation for different targets was 103 copies/μL.Clinical samples were positive for JEV nucleic acids for above assay.The method presented here has characteristic of high specificity,sensitivity and throughput.The results can be observed by visual inspection.This method has broad application prospects in pathogen detection.

Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b ; genetics ; Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the interrater and intrarater reliability of North Star Ambulatory Assessment(NSAA)used in the children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD)and explore the feasibility of evaluating motor function by videos. METHODS: The assessment data of 40 cases of DMD admitted from July 2017 to November 2017 to Peking University First Hospital were analyzed. Forty DMD boys aged 4.3 to 13.4 years were admitted. They were divided into three groups based on their age. Ten boys were younger than 5 years. Eighteen boys were aged 5 to 9 years. Twelve boys were older than 9 years.Three evaluators,A,B,and C,joined the study. In the interrater reliability study,evaluator A performed the evaluation with NSAA on the boys and video-taped their performance,then evaluators B and C scored the performance in the videos independently to examine interrater reliability. After one month,three evaluators rescored the performance according to the videos again to examine the intrarater reliability. The intra-group reliability was calculated according to the NSAA scores evaluated by the evaluators B and C twice for the same child. The consistency of the video score with the on-site score was calculated according to the NSAA score of the two assessments of the same child by evaluator A. Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)was calculated to examine the reliability. RESULTS: In the interrater reliability study,total ICC was 0.990,subgroups ICC was from 0.971 to 0.992. In the intrarater reliability study,total ICC was from 0.987 to 0.988. The video score and the on-site score wereconsistent withICCbeing 0.980. CONCLUSION: NSAA is a reliable and practical method to evaluate the motor development of children with DMD. The consistency between on-site scoring and video scores is high.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the symptoms similar to schizophrenia in mice after ketamine single or continuous injection and to evaluate the feasibility of schizophrenia model injected with different dose of ketamine. METHODS: A total of 40 male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, which were injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline (control group), 25 mg/kg ketamine (low dose group), 50 mg/kg ketamine (middle dose group), and 100 mg/kg ketamine (high dose group) qd for 7 days continuously. The behavior changes of mice were observed. RESULTS: Hyperactivity, stereotyped behavior and ataxia (P < 0.01) were observed in high dose group after single injection. After continuous injection of ketamine for 7 days, the middle dose group showed hyperactivity, stereotyped behavior and ataxia (P < 0.05), stereotyped behavior and ataxia were more significant in high dose group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Ketamine can induce the symptoms similar to schizophrenia in mice after single or continuous injection. The symptoms induced by high dose ketamine will be more prominent and stable after continuous injection.
Animals ; Ataxia/pathology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Ketamine/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects* ; Random Allocation ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Schizophrenia/pathology* ; Stereotyped Behavior/drug effects*