291 healthy youths with ages of 17-30, without internal disease and osteoarthropathy and congenital osteoarthological defects were monitored the age, gender, height, weight of vertebrae in the lumbar and lumbosacral region. The results showed that the rate of vertebral double spine was significant higher than this of other defects. The wide of vertebrae was increasingly from L1 to L5 (average of 4.5+/-0.5cm). The height of vertebrae was 3.1+/-0.3cm. The average thickness of intervertebral disks was 1.3+/-0.3cm. The average concavity index was 2.2+/-0.3mm. Flat-flat angle in the lumbosacral spine was 17.1+/-3.9o. The open angle in the lumbar spine was 31+/-7.4o
Lumbar Vertebrae ; radiography ; diagnosis

The comparison of the contrast medium X-ray of radical capsular with the results of operation of the lumbar spinal disc herniation showed that the diagnosis of the spinal disc herniation by the contrast medium X-ray was suitable with the results of the operation of the lumbar - spinal disc herniation in which the lumbar spinal disc herniation in the vertical of L4, L5, L5S1 and double herniation were 70.7%, 13.3% and 8.8%, respectively. The unsuitable rate of diagnosis between them was 5.7%. There were 11 cases that were the false negative due to press of extradural vein and the flaval ligament inflammatory. The X-ray technique should be implement in 3 positions: vertical, side and inclined 3/4 to prevent the missing of lesion
Lumbar Vertebrae ; radiography ; surgery ; therapeutics

Pathological changes can occur in the diameters of the lumbar spinal canal. Therefore, assessing the canal size an important diagnostic procedure. Two hundred plain anterioposterior radiographs of the lumbar spine were examined. The sample consisted of 100 males and 100 females. The transverse diameter of the bony spinal canal (interpedicular distance), which was measured as the minimum distance between the medial surfaces of the pedicles of a given vertebra, was measured. In addition, the transverse diameter of the vertebral body, which was measured as the minimum distance across the waist of the vertebra, was measured. The distances were measured to the nearest one tenth of a millimetere using a Vernier caliper. At all levels (L1 - L5) the transverse diameters of the lumbar spinal canal were approximately 1 - 1.5 mm higher in males than in females. The intersegmental differences increased proximodistally, in both sexes. The ratio of the transverse diameter canal to the width of the vertebra ranged from 0.55 to 0.60 mm in both sexes. The distribution of the different lumbar canal types were 47% A, 42% B, 11% C. Additionally, subtypes were determined and classified.
Adult ; Female ; Human ; Lumbar Vertebrae/radiography ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reference Values ; Spinal Canal/*radiography ; Turkey

CT myelography of the T11-L2 region was performed in 8 large-breed dogs with a clinical diagnosis of degenerative myelopathy (DM) and 3 large-breed dogs that were clinically normal. CT myelographic characteristics were recorded for each dog, at each disc level. Area measurements of the spinal cord, dural sac, vertebral canal, and vertebral body were recorded at 4 slice locations for each disc level. Mean area ratios were calculated and graphically compared, by slice location and group. In all dogs, CT myelography identified morphologic abnormalities that were not suspected from conventional myelograms. Characteristics observed with higher frequency in DM versus normal dogs were: spinal stenosis, disc protrusion, focal attenuation of the subarachnoid space, spinal cord deformity, small spinal cord, and paraspinal muscle atrophy. Mean spinal cord: dural sac, spinal cord: vertebral canal, dural sac: vertebral canal, and vertebral canal:vertebral body ratios were smaller in DM versus normal dogs at more than one disc level. Some CT myelographic characteristics in DM dogs were similar to those previously reported in humans, dogs and horses with stenotic myelopathy.
Animals ; Dog Diseases/*radiography ; Dogs ; Female ; Lumbar Vertebrae/radiography ; Male ; Myelography/*veterinary ; Spinal Cord Diseases/radiography/*veterinary ; Thoracic Vertebrae/radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*veterinary

Forty canine patients with a presumptive diagnosis of the intervertebral disc herniation at the thoracolumbar region were imaged. A neurological examination was performed and all patients were classified under four grades by the examination. The degrees of attenuation of the herniated disc material were measured in Housefield units (HU) in each image. The ratio of the area to herniated disc material and the height to disc material were measured. The clinical grade was correlated with the area ratio of the herniated disc material to the spinal cord, but not correlated with the height ratio of that. In the patients with epidural hemorrhage at surgery, HUs of the herniated disc material was lower than those with no epidural hemorrhage at surgery. Non-contrast computed tomography scans of the spine can be useful in diagnosing acute intervertebral disc disease in chondrodystrophoid breeds, evaluating patient status and identifying concurrent epidural hemorrhage.
Animals ; Dog Diseases/*pathology/radiography ; Dogs ; Intervertebral Disk Displacement/radiography/*veterinary ; Lumbar Vertebrae/*pathology/radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Vertebrae/*pathology/radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods/standards/*veterinary

Although little attention has been paid to the less common rheumatoid involvement of the thoracic and lumbar regions, some studies have shown that rheumatoid synovitis with erosive changes can develop in these diarthrodial joints. We report a patient with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involving the thoracic and lumbar vertebra with a collapse of the T12 vertebra, who was treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty. In this case of a painful pathological fracture due to RA, percutaneous vertebroplasty was found to be helpful in eliminating the pain. The paper presents the histological evidence, the pathogenesis and treatment of the thoracolumbar lesions affected by RA with a review of the relevant literature.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood/complications/*pathology/radiography ; Female ; Fractures, Compression/etiology/radiography/surgery ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae/*pathology/radiography ; Middle Aged ; Thoracic Vertebrae/*pathology/radiography ; Vertebroplasty

A 24-year-old male patient was initially evaluated for persistent back pain. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 7 points. Physical examination revealed a decreased range of lumbar spinal motion, which caused pain. Simple X-ray revealed Meyerding grade 1 spondylolisthesis at L4 on L5, with mild dome-shaped superior endplate and consecutive multilevel spondylolysis at T12-L5. Standing anteroposterior and lateral views of the entire spine revealed normal balance of sagittal and coronal alignment. A computed tomography scan revealed bilateral spondylolysis at T12-L4, left unilateral spondylolysis at L5, and spina bifida at L5 to sacral region. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed mild dural ectasia at the lumbar region. Due to the absence of any neurological symptoms, the patient was managed conservatively. He was rested a few weeks with corset brace and physiotherapy. After treatment, his back pain improved, VAS score changed from 7 to 2, and he was able to return to normal activity.
Adult ; Back Pain/etiology ; Humans ; *Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology/radiography ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; *Spinal Dysraphism ; *Spondylolisthesis/pathology/radiography ; *Spondylolysis/pathology/radiography ; *Thoracic Vertebrae/pathology/radiography ; Young Adult

A primary leiomyoma in the neural foramen of the lumbar spine is a very rare condition. We examined a 23-year-old female presented with back and right flank pain. A plain radiography showed a well-defined, osteolytic lesion in the L3 body. In addition, MR images showed a mass lesion with intense enhancement, after intravenous injection with contrast material, in the right neural foramen at the L2/3 level. A histopathologic examination of the resected specimen revealed a benign leiomyoma.
Female ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Leiomyoma* ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Radiography ; Spine* ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the fractal dimension and radiographic image brightness of periapical radiograph were useful in predicting osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-two postmenopausal women were classified as normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis group according to the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae and periapical radiographs of both mandibular molar areas were taken. The ROIs of 358 areas were selected at periapical and interdental areas and fractal dimension and radiographic image brightness were measured. RESULTS: The fractal dimension in normal group was significantly higher than that in osteoporosis group at periapical ROI (P< 0.05). The radiographic image brightness in normal group was higher than that in osteopenia and osteoporosis group. There was significant difference not only between normal and osteopenia group (P< 0.05) but also within osteopenia and osteoporosis group (P< 0.01) at periapical ROI. Significant difference was observed not only between normal and osteopenia group but also between normal and osteoporosis group at interdental ROI (P< 0.01). Positive linear relationship was weakly shown at Pearson correlation analysis between fractal dimension and radiographic image brightness. BMD significantly correlated with fractal dimension at periapical ROI (P< 0.01), and BMD and radiographic image brightness significantly correlated at both periapical and interdental ROIs (P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the fractal dimension and radiographic image brightness of periapical ROI may predict BMD.
Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Female ; Fractals* ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Molar ; Osteoporosis* ; Radiography

BACKGORUND: in spinal anesthesia, we usually walk over the interspinous space with a repetitive insertion-withdrawal-redirection-advance chain, which is annoying and time consuming, let alone the discomfort of patients. The aim of this study was to offer a guideline for the optimal point and angle of needle insertion performing spinal anesthesia and to strengthen the basis of the practice of spinal anesthesia. METHODS: Twenty men were evaluated for this study. While in a head-to-knee position, a simple X-ray was taken and L2-3, L3-4, and L4-5 interspaces were measured. Two tangential lines were drawn between the upper and lower spinous process and the points where these two lines meet the skin were marked. The perpendicular line from the most prominent point of the spinous process to the skin was checked(S). The distances from S to the cephalic point of the tangential line (D1) and to the caudal point of the tangential line (D2) were measured. Perpendicular lines were drawn on the point where tangential lines meet skin and the angles between perpendicular lines and tangential lines were measured (A1, A2). RESULTS: Mean distance (MD, [D2-D1] / 2) and mean angle (MA, [A1+A2] / 2) were calculated as 3.59+/-0.64cm, 11.9+/-4.75 for L2-3, 3.72+/-0.50 cm, 11.18+/-1.65degree for L3-4, and 3.71+/-0.61cm, 11.03+/-4.95degree for L4-5 (mean+/-SD). CONCLUSiONS: At any lumbar level, we could approach the interspinous space from the insertion point of 3.6-3.7cm caudal from the spinous process and with the angle of the cephalic direction of about 11-12degree optimally. it can be the guideline for the insertion of the needle in spinal anesthesia and we can get some safe margins for insertion from the measured data.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Humans ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male* ; Needles* ; Radiography ; Skin ; Spinal Puncture* ; Young Adult*