To study the chemical constituents of Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr., various chromatographic methods were used, including D101 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS and preparative HPLC chromatographic techniques. A new labdane diterpenoid glycoside named as nervilifordoside A was isolated from 60% EtOH extract of Nerviliafordii. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated as 12, 17-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methoxy-labdan-13-en-16, 15-olide 3-O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-O-beta-glucopyranoside on the basis of HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data as well as chemical methods.

To investigate the effectiveness of thymosin a1 on patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP). Methods Thirty-five patients with SCAP were randomly divided into two groups, group A with regular treatment as control and group B with both thymosin a1 and regular treatment. Venous blood specimens were collected from them before treatment (baseline) and seven days after treatment for laboratory testing, including serum concentrations of c-reactive protein (CRP) and albumen (ALB), serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and aniline aminotransferase ( ALT), and percentage of T-lymphocyte subsets CD3+ , CD+ and CD8+ by indirect immunofluorescence. Meanwhile, their symptoms, signs and chest X-ray were observed. Length of mechanical ventilation and stay at emergency intensive care units (EICU) of the patients were recorded. Results Percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ , and ratio of CD+ to CD8 + increased significantly and percentage of CD8+ reduced significantly in group B seven days after treatment, as compared to those before treatment [ (46.3 ± 5.3) % vs. (29.9 ± 2.1 ) %, (44.5 ± 5.2) % vs. (28. 7 ± 2. 8 ) %, and 1.8 ± 0. 4 vs. 0. 9 ± 0. 1, respectively, P < 0.05, and (24.6 ± 2.9) % vs. (31.4 ± 3.7) %, P < 0. 05 ]. But, no significant improvements in those indicators were found in group A after treatment. There were significant differences in percentages of CD3+ , CID4+ and CD8 + , and ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ between group B and group A after trestmenL Serum concentration of ClIP reduced in both groups after treatment, as compared to that before treatment, but reduced more significantly in group B than that in group A. Serum concentration of ALB increased slightly in both groups after treatment, more in group B than that in group A, as compared to that before treatment. However, no significant difference in occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia ( VAP ) was found between the two groups (44.4% vs. 17.7%, P > 0.05 ) . Length of mechanical ventilation and stay at EICU were significantly shorter in group B than those in group A [ ( 8.4 ± 2.7 ) d vs. ( 5.1 ± 1.6 ) d, P < 0.05 ; and ( 16.1±2.9) d vs. ( 11.7 ± 2. 3 ) d, P < 0.01 ], and overall cure rates improved significantly in group B than that in group A (76.5% vs. 44.4%, P < 0.05 ), but no difference in case-fatality ratio was found between the two groups (33.3% vs. 23.5%, P >0.05).Conclusions Immune status of patients with SCAP could be improved by thymosin a1, with a shorter length of mechanical ventilation and stay at EICU, to promote their recovery.

ObjectiveTo study the role of catecholamine in genesis of myocardium injury after organophosphorus poisoning (OP) in order to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of OP-induced cardiotoxicity.Methods Of 92 patients with severe acute dichlorvos poisoning,41 were consecutively enrolled for study and followed up for three months. The levels of serum creatine kinase isoenzyme myocardium (CK-MB),cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI),acetylcholinesterase (AChE),acetylcholine (Ach),epinephrine and norepinephrine were assayed on the 1st,3rd and 5th days after admission and on the day of discharge.Electrocardiography was recorded every day after admission.ResultsOf them,37 (90.2％ )patients survived and four ( 9.8％ ) patients died during treatment.Sinus tachycardia was found in 37 (90.2％ ) patients and ST-T changes in 33 (80.4％ ) patients.CK-MB and cTnI levels peaked 3 days after admission,and then decreased to normal levels.Serum Ach,epinephrine and norepinephrine peaked on the 1st day after admission and then decreased.ConclusionsSevere acute dichlorvos poisoning is associated with myocardial dysfunction likely caused by increase in catecholamine levels.

The inhibition effects of the extracts of five Verbenaceae herbs, Clerodendrum fortunatum L. , Clerodendrum japonicum(Thunb. )Sweet, Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer var. simplex Moldenke, Callicarpa longissima(Hemsl. )Merr. and Pygmaeopremna herbacea, were investigated by cell hemolysis model in vitro on classical and alternative complement activation pathways. The water extracts of Pygmaeopremna herbacea, the water extract and the ethanol extract of Clerodendrum fortunatum L. , the water extract and the ethanol extract of Callicarpa longissima(Hemsl. )Merr. , the ethanol extracts of Clerodendrum japonicum(Thunb. )Sweet and Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer var. simplex Moldenke showed inhibition cell hemolysis effects on the classical pathway. Their CH50 values were 0. 092±0. 008, 0. 074±0. 008, 0. 088±0. 006, 0. 134±0. 017, 0. 123±0. 010, 0. 380±0. 080, and 0. 200±0. 015 g/L, respectively. The water extracts of Pygmaeopremna herbacea and Callicarpa longissima(Hemsl. )Merr. and the ethanol extract of Clerodendrum fortunatum L. showed inhibition cell hemolysis effects on alternative pathway. Their AP50 values were 0. 533±0. 033, 0. 758±0. 031, and 0. 362±0. 029 g/L, respectively. Five Verbenaceae herbs appear good anticomplementary effects in vitro. The ethanol extract of Clerodendrum fortunatum L. showed the best inhibitory activity.

OBJECTIVE To prepare and characterize curcumin nanomicelles （hereinafter referred to as Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles）， and to evaluate the in vitro hepatoprotective activity against alcohol liver disease （ALD）. METHODS Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles were prepared with the dialysis method using methoxy-poly（ethylene glycol）-poly（β-benzyl-L-aspartate） （mPEG-PLGA） as the carrier. The appearance and microscopic morphology of Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles were observed， and particle size， polydispersity index， Zeta potential， encapsulation efficiency and drug loading content were all detected. The in vitro release， pH stability， thermal stability， dilution stability， storage stability， plasma stability tests， and hemolysis experiments were all performed. The cell model of ALD was established with anhydrous ethanol intervention using human liver cancer cells and normal liver cells as objects， Cur reference solution as reference， to evaluate in vitro preventive and ameliorative effects of Cur/mPEG- PBLA micelles on ALD. RESULTS The prepared Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles exhibited a pale-yellow milky light， with a spherical shape and uniform distribution. The average particle size was about 140 nm， and the polydispersity index was less than 0.3. Zeta potential was （－8.15±0.05） mV； the encapsulation efficiency was （73.26±3.16）%， and the drug loading content was （4.87± 0.42）%. The cumulative release of Cur reference substance was close to 80% at 10 h； the cumulative release of Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles at 8 h was 28.94% and only 48.25% at 48 h. pH stability and thermal stability of Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles were better than those of Cur reference solution； Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles showed good dilution stability， storage stability and plasma stability， and would not cause hemolysis. Cur reference solution and Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles had varying degrees of in vitro preventive and ameliorative effects on ALD in two types of cells； after 48 h of application， the above effects of Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles were significantly better than those of Cur reference solution at the same mass concentration （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Cur/mPEG-PBLA micelles can improve pH stability and thermal stability of Cur， delayits degradation rate， and have better in vitro hepatoprotective activity against ALD.