[Objective]To explore the role of estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) in the pathogenesis and regulation of non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (NIFR).[Methods]Totally 60 patients with NIFS who met the inclusion criteria in Fuzhou Second General Hospital from November 2020 to November 2023 were selected as the NIFS group,while 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as the blank control group. Samples of each group were collected. The number of eosinophils and mast cells in each group were detected by HE staining;ER expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence;mRNA expression levels of NF-κB,IKK and MASPIN were detected by qPCR;and protein expression levels of NF-κB,IKK and MASPIN were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.[Results]In the NIFS group,the counts of eosinophils and mast cells were significantly increased respectively,compared with those in the control group,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively). The Estrogen Receptor (ER) score in the NIFS group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.05). Additionally,the average high-density value in the NIFS group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.01). The expression levels of NF-κB,IKK,and MASPIN in the NIFS group were significantly increased respectively,compared with those in the control group,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.01,P<0.05,and P<0.01,respectively). The mRNA expression levels of NF-κB,IKK,and MASPIN in the NIFS group were significantly increased,respectively,compared with those in the control group (P<0.01). Furthermore,the protein expression levels of NF-κB,IKK,and MASPIN in the NIFS group were increased,respectively,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.01,P<0.01,and P<0.05,respectively).[Conclusion]Our results show that the significant increase in the number of eosinophils and mast cells,and in the expression levels of ER,NF-κB,IKK and MASPIN may indicate a significant increase in eosinophil and mast cell infiltration in ER positive patients,and suggest the involvement of estrogen and its receptors in the pathogenesis of NIFS.

Objective: To compare the incidence of radiation-related toxicities between conventional and hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and to explore the risk factors of hypofractionated radiotherapy-induced toxicities. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from consecutive limited-stage SCLC patients treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from March 2016 to April 2022. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to radiation fractionated regimens. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 5.0) was used to evaluate the grade of radiation esophagus injuries and lung injuries. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with radiation-related toxicities in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group. Results: Among 211 enrolled patients, 108 cases underwent conventional IMRT and 103 patients received hypofractionated IMRT. The cumulative incidences of acute esophagitis grade ≥2 [38.9% (42/108) vs 35.0% (36/103), P=0.895] and grade ≥ 3 [1.9% (2/108) vs 5.8% (6/103), P=0.132] were similar between conventional and hypofractionated IMRT group. Late esophagus injuries grade ≥2 occurred in one patient in either group. No differences in the cumulative incidence of acute pneumonitis grade ≥2[12.0% (13/108) vs 5.8% (6/103), P=0.172] and late lung injuries grade ≥2[5.6% (6/108) vs 10.7% (11/103), P=0.277] were observed. There was no grade ≥3 lung injuries occurred in either group. Using multiple regression analysis, mean esophageal dose ≥13 Gy (OR=3.33, 95% CI: 1.23-9.01, P=0.018) and the overlapping volume between planning target volume (PTV) and esophageal ≥8 cm(3)(OR=3.99, 95% CI: 1.24-12.79, P=0.020) were identified as the independent risk factors associated with acute esophagitis grade ≥2 in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group. Acute pneumonitis grade ≥2 was correlated with presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, P=0.025). Late lung injuries grade ≥2 was correlated with tumor location(P=0.036). Conclusions: Hypofractionated IMRT are tolerated with manageable toxicities for limited-stage SCLC patients treated with IMRT. Mean esophageal dose and the overlapping volume between PTV and esophageal are independently predictive factors of acute esophagitis grade ≥2, and COPD and tumor location are valuable factors of lung injuries for limited-stage SCLC patients receiving hyofractionated radiotherapy. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.
Humans ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/pathology* ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Lung Injury ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiation Injuries/epidemiology* ; Esophagitis/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications*

Humans ; COVID-19 ; Quarantine ; Renal Dialysis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Hospitals

An adult man of methylmalonic acidemia combined with hyperhomocysteinemia is reported. He presented with progressive walking instability with mental and behavioral alterations when aged 24 years. Physical examination showed significant cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal signs. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed symmetric lesions of bilateral cerebellum. His plasma total homocysteine and urine methylmalonic acid were significantly elevated. Compound heterozygous mutations, c.482G>A and c.217C>T, were found in his MMACHC gene, confirming the diagnosis of cblC deficiency. Improved clinical manifestations and decreased plasma total homocysteine were observed one month after treatment.

Bioactive glass (BG) has been widely used in bone tissue engineering due to its good osteogenic property and bioactivity, but it still has some deficiencies, such as poor cell adhesion and low osteogenic rate and so on. Mesoporous biological glass (MBG) is a kind of new material originated from BG and mesoporous silica (MS). Because of its large number of nano-channel, large specific surface area, easy degradation, good biocompatibility and biological activity, MBG has great application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering. This review would present MBG preparation and experimental research in order to provide the theoretical basis and experimental reference for related researches.

Objective To observe the objective response rate, survival and safety of radiotherapy combined with Iressa for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) unsuitable for surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods The patients with locally advanced NSCLC unsuitable for surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy were recruited and received thoracic intensity-modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT) combined with Iressa 250 mg daily. Results A total of 30 patients were enrolled between July 2014 and March 2017. Twenty-nine patients were analyzed. At 1 month after radiotherapy,the complete response (CR) was 0,partial response (PR) was 21(72％),stable disease (SD) was 6(21％), progressive disease (PD) was 2(7％),the disease control rate (CR+PR+SD) was 93％,and the objective response rate was 72％. The median follow-up time was 25 months. Fourteen ( 48％) patients died,and 15 (52％) survived. Twenty-three (79％) patients obtained PD including local progression in 18(62％) and distant metastasis in 14(48％). The median survival time (MST) was 26 months and the median PFS was 11 months. The 1-year OS and PFS were 79％ and 44％,and the 2-year OS and PFS were 55％ and 18％. Univariate analysis demonstrated that smoking history and disease stage were influencing factors for OS ( P=0. 035,0. 031) . Moreover, disease stage, the primary tumor diameter, the volume of GTV and PTV were influencing factors for PFS (P=0. 000,0. 016,0. 039,0. 030). Multivariable analysis revealed that disease stage and the volume of PTV were independent prognostic factors for PFS (P=0. 000,0. 012).Two patients ( 7％) developed grade 3 acute adverse events and 7 ( 24％) experienced grade 2 acute irradiation pneumonitis. Conclusions For patients with locally advanced NSCLC unsuitable for surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy,IMRT combined with Iressa yields high objective response rate and well tolerance. The long-term clinical efficacy remains to be validated.

Objective To exam the exposure status to tobacco advertisement and promotion programs in Chinese middle school students.Methods Stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select participated grade 7-9 middle school students in 31 provinces (n=155 117).A self-administrated questionnaire was used in which questions related to behavior on tobacco use,exposure to second-hand smoking (SHS),access to tobacco products and prices,tobacco control advocacy,exposure to tobacco advertisement,and promotion as well as attitude and knowledge towards tobacco,etc.Data was weighted and analyzed,using the complex survey module of SAS 9.3 software.Results In the past 30 days,48.5％ of the students had a chance to see advertisement or promotion programs on tobacco.Tobacco advertisement or promotion were most frequently seen on TV (21.3 ％) among students,followed by outdoor billboard (20.1％),at the stands for sale (17.5％),and Internet (15.6％).In addition,4.6％ of the students reported having kept the items related to brand logos of tobacco products; 2.0％ reported having been offered a free tobacco product by tobacco company representatives; 69.7％ reported having seen scenes related to smoking on TV/videos/movie screens.Twenty five point two percent of the student smokers reported buying individual sticks at last purchase.Among those students who had never been exposed to tobacco,the ones who had been exposed to tobacco advertisement and promotion programs reported that they were more likely to feel smoking attractive than those who had not.They also reported that if a cigarette was offered by friends,they might try to smoke within the next 12 months,feeling that smoking would make him/her comfortable,and finally to feel that they might enjoy smoking (P＜0.000 1).Conclusion Adolescents had been heavily exposed to tobacco advertisement and promotion programs in China.Students who had been exposed to tobacco advertisement or promotions were more likely to express positive attitude to tobacco use.It is urgent to make amendments to China's Advertising Law to completely prohibit tobacco advertisement,promotion and sponsorship programs,to keep the young people away from tobacco.

Adult ; Humans ; Intracranial Thrombosis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; therapeutic use ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; complications ; drug therapy ; Venous Thrombosis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology

s To compare the clinical effects of intravenously and orally administered aspirin in the treatment for acute coronary syndrome (ACS),and to evaluate the adverse effects of intravenous administration of aspirin.Methods One hundred and twenty-five patients with unstable angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction were randomized into three groups:group 1 received intravenous aspirin (300mg/d,n =40),while groups 2 (n =42) and 3 (n =43) received orally administered aspirin (100mg/d and 300mg/ d,respectively).The control group included 30 patients with no heart disease or blood disease,and they had never taken aspirin and clopidogrel.Blood samples were taken at 2nd and 7th day of hospitalization.Platelet aggregation and the level ofplatelet activation marker CD62p were measured and compared among the groups.Patients were followed up for 6 months for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the decrease in adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation rate (12.01±10.45%,6.76±14.62% and 9.73±16.72% for group 1,group2 and group 3,respectively),the decrease in arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation rate (6.73±11.34%,6.95±12.45% and 7.57±13.11%,respectively),and the decrease in CD62p level (10.89±18.62%,8.92±11.57% and 7.05±15.67%,respectively).At six months,there were 4 deaths (10%) in group 1,4 deaths (9.5%) in group 2 and 5 deaths (11.6%) in group 3 (P＞0.05).Conclusions Intravenous administration of aspirin provides a new approach as an anti-platelet treatment for ACS patients,especially those who can not tolerate oral administration of aspirin.(J Geriatr Cardiol 2008;5:212-216)

Objective To evaluate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of candidate genes and radiation-induced esophagitis (RIE) in patients with lung cancer. Methods Between Jan. 2004 and Aug. 2006,170 patients with pathologically diagnosed lung cancer were enrolled in this study. The total target dose was 45-70 Gy( median 60 Gy). One hundred and thirty-two patients were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3DCRT) and 38 with two-dimensional radiotherapy(2DRT).Forty-one patients received radiotherapy alone, 78 received sequential chemoradiotherapy and 51 received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Thirty-seven SNPs in 20 DNA repair genes were analyzed by using PCR-based restrieted fragment length polymorphism(RFLP). These genes were apoptosis and inflammatory cytoking genes including ATM, ERCC1, XRCC3, XRCC1, XPD, XPC, XPG, NBS1, STK15, ZNF350, ADPRT,TP53, FAS, FASL, CYP2D6 * 4, CASPASE8, COX2,TGF-β, CD14 and ACE. The endpoint was grade ≥2 R I E. Results Forty of the 170 patients developed grade ≥2 R I E, including 36 in grade 2 and 4 in grade 3. Univariate analysis revealed that radiation technique and concurrent chemoradiotherapy were statistically significant relatives to the incidence of R I E (P = 0. 032,0.049) , and both of them had the trend associating with the esophagitis( P = 0.072,0. 094 ). An increased incidence of esophagitis was observed associating with the TGF-β1-509T and XPD 751 Lys/Lys genotypes ( χ2 = 5.65, P = 0.017 ;χ2 = 3.84, P = 0. 048 )in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms in TGF-β1 gene and XPD gene have a significant association with radiation-induced esophagitis.