Charged particle therapy offers a better effect and obvious dosimetric and biological advantages over conventional radiotherapy in tumor control.Charged particles form Bragg peak in the dose distribution in tissue, enable most of energy to be deposited in the target region, and thus enhance tumor control and reduce the damage to normal tissues surrounding the tumor.With the increasing demand for charged particle therapy and the advances in particle accelerator, particle therapy technology is developing rapidly.The core apparatus of particle therapy facility is particle accelerator, and the accelerator type, particle type, and implementation technique determine the performance and therapeutic effect of the facility.This article provides a detailed comparative analysis of various particle therapies.Statistical data show that proton therapy is dominant in particle therapy, and high construction difficulty, large facility size, and extremely high cost have limited the development of heavy ion therapy.Nowadays, there are still some technical problems regarding charged particle therapy, and more clinical trials are required.

Objective To explore the early coal pneumoconiosis patients with HRCT staging and pulmonary function abnormali-ties indicators ,provide an objective basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment early pneumoconiosis .Methods Strict control of the inclusion criteria :no smoking ,no pneumonia ,no tuberculosis ,no lung cancer and no lung surgery ,as a result ,total 33 early coal pneumoconiosis patients were chosen in the study .All of them were underwent paired CT obtained at full inspiratory position .High kv chest radiography ,and pulmonary function tests at the same day .Reference to the chest X-ray pneumoconiosis classification method as pneumoconiosis HRCT staging .Analyzed the correlation between early coal pneumoconiosis with HRCT staging and the parameters ,including Forced vital capacity (FVC) ,Forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1) ,FEV1/FVC ,Maximum midexpi-ratory flow(MMEF) ,Peak expiratory flow(PEF) ,FEF75 ,FEF50 ,FEF25 ,Total lung capacity(TLC) ,Residual volume(RV) ,Carbon monoxide diffusion capacity(DLco) ,KCO and so on .Results HRCT could be more accurately display the shape ,size and distribu-tion of coal pneumoconiosis small nodules .There were significant correlation with MMEF ,PEF ,FEF75 ,FEF50 and FEF25 in different HRCT staging .Conclusion HRCT can early detection and validation early coal workers pneumoconiosis .Early coal worker′s pneu-moconiosis small airway flow rate decline caused by inhalation coal dust .

This paper analyzed and concluded successful experience and mechanisms of regional global per capita budget implemented since 2015 in Anhui province,including the formation of mutual incentive and restraint mechanism, the mechanism of controlling expenses spontaneously and resource allocation efficiently.After the reform, flow of hospitalized patients was more rational, and the financial burden of patients was alleviated, while the capacity of medical institutions was improved notably in pilot counties.The successful experience of Anhui province can put forward corresponding suggestions to guide the future work in other areas.

OBJECTIVETo study the value of compute tomography (CT)-based quantitative assessment in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.

METHODSSixty patients with pneumoconiosis and 40 healthy volunteers (control) underwent CT scanning at the levels of the top of the aortic arch, tracheal carina, and 3 cm and 6 cm below the tracheal carina. All the CT images were analyzed with density histograms for a specific region to calculate the mean lung CT value (ME) and pixel index for assessment of lung density changes.

RESULTSAt the levels of the top of the aortic arch and 6 cm below the tracheal carina, the pixel indices in the 10 CT threshold density intervals within -832 to -352 HU was all significantly higher in pneumoconiosis group than in the control group (P<0.05). At the levels of the tracheal carina and 3 cm below the tracheal carina, the 11 pixel indices in the CT threshold density intervals within -880 to -352 HU were also significantly higher in pneumoconiosis group (P<0.05). At all the 4 scan levels, the pixel indices in the 10 intervals between -880 and -352 HU were all significantly higher in pneumoconiosis group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCT density histograms allow quantitative evaluation of lung fibrosis in patients with pneumoconiosis for diagnostic purposes.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Spiral Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Background: and Purpose The eye-movement examination can be applied as a noninvasive method to identify multiple-system atrophy (MSA). Few studies have investigated eye movements during the early stage of MSA with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P). We aimed to determine the characteristic oculomotor changes in the early stage of MSA-P. Methods: We retrospectively selected 17 patients with MSA-P and 40 with Parkinson’s disease (PD) with disease durations of less than 2 years, and 40 age-matched healthy controls (HCs).Oculomotor performance in the horizontal direction was measured in detail using videonystagmography. Results: We found that the proportions of patients with MSA-P and PD exhibiting abnormal eye movements were 82.4% and 77.5%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in the HCs (47.5%, p<0.05). Compared with HCs, patients with MSA-P presented significantly higher abnormal proportions of fixation and gaze-holding (17.6% vs. 0%), without-fixation (47.1% vs. 0%), prolonged latency in reflexive saccades (29.4% vs. 5.0%), memory-guided saccades (93.3% vs. 10.0%), and catch-up saccades in smooth-pursuit movement (SPM, 41.2% vs. 0) (all p<0.05). Compared with those with PD, patients with MSA-P presented a significantly higher proportion of catch-up saccades in SPM (41.2% vs. 2.5%, p<0.001). Conclusions MSA-P presented the characteristic of catch-up saccades in SPM in the early stage, which may provide some value in differentiating MSA-P from PD.