Objective:To explore the lung protective effect of nebulized inhalation of lidocaine (NL) on elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 80 elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery at the Huizhou Sixth People′s Hospital from September 2020 to December 2021. They were randomly divided into an NL group and a control group with 40 patients in each group. Within 30 minutes before the start of anesthesia, the NL group was given 2% lidocaine 10 ml oxygen driven nebulization inhalation, while the control group was given equal volume sterile injection water nebulization inhalation. All patients underwent general anesthesia with laryngeal mask intubation and iliac fascia space block. A randomized, double-blind, and controlled clinical study was conducted. The average values of intraoperative peak airway pressure (P peak), plateau airway pressure (P plat), and lung dynamic compliance (C dyn) were compared between two groups of patients; We compared the changes in arterial partial pressure of CO 2 (PaCO 2), alveolar arterial oxygen differential pressure (A-aDO 2), respiratory index (RI), and oxygen index (OI) between the two groups of patients and before and after surgery; The clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) and lung ultrasound score (LUS) were also compared between two groups of patients on the first day before surgery, the second day after surgery, and the seventh day after surgery. Resultsl:There was no statistically significant difference in the average values of P peak, P plat, and C dyn between the two groups during surgery (all P>0.05). After surgery, A-aDO 2 and RI in both groups increased compared to before surgery, while OI decreased compared to before surgery (all P<0.05); After surgery, A-aDO 2 and RI in the NL group decreased compared to the control group, while OI increased compared to the control group (all P<0.05); There was no statistically significant difference in PaCO 2 between the two groups before and after skin incision (all P>0.05). Compared with the 1st day before surgery, the CPIS and LUS in both groups were significantly increased on the 2nd and 7th day after surgery (all P<0.05); Compared with the second day after surgery, the CPIS and LUS of both groups of patients were significantly reduced on the seventh day after surgery (all P<0.05); On the second day after surgery, the CPIS and LUS in the NL group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05); On the 7th day after surgery, the LUS of the NL group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05); There was no statistically significant difference in CPIS scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Nebulized inhalation of lidocaine can reduce lung function damage in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, and has a certain lung protective effect.

Purpose: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is one of the most common liver primary tumors but its treatments are limited. Bioinformatics showed that the expression level of long non-coding RNA cancer-associated susceptibility 15 gene (CASC15) is correlated with ICC progression, but its functional mechanism remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Tissues from ICC patients, tumor and adjacent tissue, were used for detection of the expression of CASC15. Clinical data were also collected for clinicopathologic and survival analysis. Short interfering RNA and lentiviral short hairpin RNA were used to knock down CASC15 and PRDX2 expression in ICC cell lines, for the analysis of changes of cell function and xenografts. RNA-pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to detect RNA-binding protein, PRDX2. Male nude mice were used for ICC xenografts, and livers were collected after 4 weeks for immunohistochemistry. Results: CASC15 is highly expressed in ICC tissues and is related to higher TNM stage. Knockdown of CASC15 in ICC cells reduced cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness and increased apoptosis, and G1/S block. PRDX2 bound to CASC15. Knockdown of CASC15 decreased PRDX2 expression which was rescued by the inhibition of proteasome formation. Downregulation of PRDX2 resulted in G1/S block, reduced ICC cell invasion. Downregulation of CASC15 inhibited phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/c-Myc pathway through downregulating of PRDX2 and overexpressed PRDX2 rescued the block. CASC15 knockout in ICC xenografts suppressed tumor development in vivo, decreased the expression of PRDX2 and Ki67 and inhibited PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion CASC15 promotes ICC possibly by targeting PRDX2 via the PI3K/AKT pathway, indicating poor prognosis and high degree of malignancy of ICC.

tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs that are involved in the occurrence and progression of diverse diseases. However, their exact presence and function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Here, differentially expressed tsRNAs in HCC were profiled. A novel tsRNA, tRNA^Gln-TTG derived 5'-tiRNA-Gln, is significantly downregulated, and its expression level is correlated with progression in patients. In HCC cells, 5'-tiRNA-Gln overexpression impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo, while 5'-tiRNA-Gln knockdown yielded opposite results. 5'-tiRNA-Gln exerted its function by binding eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I (EIF4A1), which unwinds complex RNA secondary structures during translation initiation, causing the partial inhibition of translation. The suppressed downregulated proteins include ARAF, MEK1/2 and STAT3, causing the impaired signaling pathway related to HCC progression. Furthermore, based on the construction of a mutant 5'-tiRNA-Gln, the sequence of forming intramolecular G-quadruplex structure is crucial for 5'-tiRNA-Gln to strongly bind EIF4A1 and repress translation. Clinically, 5'-tiRNA-Gln expression level is negatively correlated with ARAF, MEK1/2, and STAT3 in HCC tissues. Collectively, these findings reveal that 5'-tiRJNA-Gln interacts with EIF4A1 to reduce related mRNA binding through the intramolecular G-quadruplex structure, and this process partially inhibits translation and HCC progression.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology* ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology* ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4A/genetics* ; Cell Line ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism* ; RNA ; Cell Proliferation