Epigenetics refers to the heritable changes in gene expression without an alteration in the DNA sequence of the genome.Epigenetic mechanism involves DNA methylation,histone modification,chromatin remodeling,non-coding RNA regulation and so on.Many experimental investigations indicate that the abnormalities in epigenetic regulation during cardiac development may be responsible for the progression of congenital cardiac disease.Based on the four aspects of epigenetic regulation above,this review mainly discusses the advances of epigenetic mechanism of congenital heart disease.

Brain ; physiology ; Child ; Dyssomnias ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Sleep ; drug effects ; Vitamin D ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; complications ; drug therapy ; epidemiology

Objective To observe the effects of different levels manganese (Mn) on spatial learning and memory in neonate rats.Methods Neonate rats were distributed to control (normal saline) and MnCl210,20,30mg/kg groups randomly.Each groups included 10 litters in a cage with a dam.Neonate rats were intraperitoneal injection exposed to MnCl2 over PND 1-21.All groups were evaluated behavioral performance using open field and Morris water maze.Blood and hippocampus Mn levels were determined using ICP-MS.Results 1) For each group,blood Mn were (35.58 ± 13.77) μg/L,(80.00 ± 12.98) μg/L,(238.51 ± 31.43) μg/L,(348.47 ±34.07) μg/L and hippocampus Mn were (576.82 ± 79.78) μg/g,(798.33 ± 40.60) μg/g,(1017.23 ± 117.23)μg/g,(1278.76 ± 281.48) μg/g respectively.Blood and hippocampus Mn concentrations in Mn-exposed groups were significant increased compared to control (P ＜ 0.01),and there was a positive correlation in blood Mn and hippocampus Mn(OR =0.91,95％ CI=0.81-0.96,P＜ 0.01).2) Therewere no significant differences on travelled distance in open field among all groups,which meant that Mn exposure had no effect on their locomotion.3) In the hidden platform trials of the Morris water maze test,only on 3rd day,Mn-expose groups spent more time to find the platform compared to the control(P ＜ 0.01).The average escape latency were(21.77 ± 7.10)s,(33.78 ± 9.95)s,(37.17 ± 13.68) s,(41.92 ± 16.74) s respectively.Though the latency were increased with the Mn exposure levels increasing among the Mn-expose groups,no statistically significant differences were observed.There were no statistically effects on latency to find the platform of all groups in other training days.The result in probe trails showed that there were no statistically effects on swimming velocity,the number of crossing over the former platform and the time spent in the targeted quadrant.Conclusion Mn exposure exerts effects on the learning,but no doseeffect relationship.There are no effects on memory of neonate rats of Mn exposure.

To discuss IC50 application in cytotoxicity tests of medical devices, we firstly investigated the vibrating condition and endpoint of MTT method specified in ISO 10993-5: 2009. Furthermore, we demonstrated the application of IC50 in the result evaluation of MTT method. The experimental results show that usage of IC50 in quantitative evaluation of MTT method is feasible.
Equipment and Supplies ; adverse effects ; standards ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Toxicity Tests ; methods

In recent years, the prevalence of childhood asthma has been increasing globally.As a common indoor pollutant, formaldehyde is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, which has drawn increasing attention.However, the results of the current research have not been unified.Some studies have shown that asthma children live in indoor environments where the concentration of formaldehyde is significantly higher than that of healthy children.There are also reports showing that formaldehyde is not an independent risk factor for asthma.The exact results need to be further studied with a larger sample size.In addition, the article concludes the possible mechanism of formaldehyde on asthma from the perspectives of airway inflammation, acquired allergies, and enzymology, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of asthma.

Objective:To explore the application value of chronic disease trajectory-based nursing in the management of COPD patients outside the hospital.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019, convenience sampling was used to select 226 discharged COPD patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The patients were divided into the control group and the research group with the random number table method, each with 113 cases. The control group carried out routine out-of-hospital health management, and the research group carried out out-of-hospital chronic disease trajectory model-based nursing, and the interventions all lasted for 3 months. The Exercise of Self-care Agency Scale (ESCA) was used to evaluate the self-management ability of the two groups, and the Dyspnea, Degree of Airflow Obstruction, Smoking Status, the number of Exacerbation (DOSE) index was used to evaluate the disease control effect of the two groups.Results:After intervention, the ESCA score of the research group was (114.45±3.26) , which was higher than (99.92±6.56) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=20.666, P<0.001) . After intervention, the DOSE index of the research group was (2.28±0.08) , which was lower than (2.72±0.09) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=34.692, P<0.001) . Conclusions:The chronic disease trajectory model-based nursing can improve the self-management ability of COPD patients outside the hospital and control their condition.

Objective:To quantitate the association between birth weight and phenotypes of physical indicators in adulthood, i.e. BMI and waist circumference (WC) and to what degree genetic or environmental factors affect birth weight-obesity association.Methods:A total of 6 623 gender matched twin pairs aged 25 to 79 years were recruited through the Chinese National Twin Registry. The twins reported their own birth weight, current height and weight, and WC using a self-administered questionnaire. BMI was calculated according to the self-reports of body height and weight. Within twin-pair design was used to quantitate the association between birth weight and phenotypes related to obesity while bivariate structural equation models were used to decompose the phenotype correlation.Results:After adjusted for multiple factors, twin-pair analyses within monozygotic (MZ) showed that, on average, a 1.0 kg increase in birth weight corresponded to an increase of 0.33 kg/m 2 in BMI and 0.95 cm in WC in adulthood ( P<0.001). Bivariate structural equation models showed significant positive unique environmental correlation between birth weight and the two obesity-related phenotypes. Conclusion:The study supported the role of twin-specific supply line factors on relationship between birth weight and physical indicators in adulthood.