It is nonlinear relationship between breath sounds and respiratory flow rate, thus breath sounds might be a new solution for respiratory monitoring. The envelope of the breath sounds was created firstly. And the linear relationship between the logarithm of envelope and the respiratory flow rate was proved. Then model parameters were derived from every subject using regression analysis. Finally, using these parameters estimated respiratory flow rate was achieved by the logarithm of envelope with 14.9% error. Therefore, respiratory flow rate estimation and respiration monitoring based on breath sounds are feasible.
Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Respiratory Sounds

Adult ; Aged ; Astragalus membranaceus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

Objective To evaluate the effect of mining waste water on drinking water quality and tumor mortality of villagers. Methods Analyse quality of drinking water sampled from well which only supply water to a family which the well belongs to and survey the death reasons of whole population in the polluted area and the control area. Results Mining waste water discharged by a mine contaminated the nearby river and impacted the drinking water quality of the nearby village also. Compared with the control, the concentration of lead, arsenic and mercury in drinking water of polluted area was much higher. The 5,year total mortality in polluted area and in the control was 3.09% and 1.55% respectively. Tumor mortality in polluted area was 50%, esophagus cancer mortality was 54.24%. Tumor mortality in the control area was 20% only and most tumors were liver cancer. Conclusion The adverse effect of mining waste water on drinking water quality and human health in polluted area has been seen.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and metabolic syndrome ( MS) . Methods Four hundred and sixty-five subjects were enrolled and divided into two groups: MS group( n = 255) and non-MS group as control(n = 210). Fasting levels of blood glucose (FBG), insulin (Ins) , C peptide (Cp) , cholesterol (Cho) , triglyceride (TG), lower-density lipoprotein cholesterin ( LDL-C) , higher-density lipoprotein cholesterin ( HDL -C), lipoprotein a (Lpa), serum IGF1, postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (PBG), and BMI were measured in these persons. Results The levels of IGF1, Cp, FBG, PBG, CT, TG, LDL-C, BMI were higher, and HDL-C was lower in MS group than those in non-MS group (all P

OBJECTIVE To study the correlation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)basic core promoter(BCP) mutation with the interleukins(IL-10,IL-12),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-?,interferon(IFN)-?,as well as HBV DNA contents in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.METHODS(1) Project subject: 176 patients(chronic hepatitis B with mild,moderate and severe degree;liver cirrhosis,chronic fulminant and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)) with chronic hepatitis B virus infection were studied.(2) Project methods: ① The A to T mutation at nucleotide 1762 and G to A mutation at nucleotide 1764 were determined by the method of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) microplate hybridization ELISA in these patients.② The serum cytokines(IL-10,IL-12,TNF-? and IFN-?) of these patients were measured by specific-ELISA.RESULTS The serum levels of cytokines(IL-10(80.96?30.86 vs 72.11?24.19 mg/L),IL-12(41.33?15.10 vs 35.98?14.47 mg/L),TNF-?(56.04?27.05 vs 38.01?10.49 mg/L),IFN-?(19.81?12.29 vs 16.55?8.99 mg/L))and HBV DNA contents(108.2478?0.9826 vs 105.8876?1.4822copies/ml) in BCP mutant group were significantly higher than that in non-mutant group(P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship among hepatitis B virus(HBV) basic core promoter(BCP) mutation,serum HBV DNA contents and HBV markers as well as liver function of chronic hepatitis B patients.METHODS The A to T mutation at nucleotide 1762 and G to A mutation at nucleotide 1764 were determined by the method of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) microplate hybridization ELISA in 176 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.RESULTS The rate of HBV BCP mutants in negative and positive groups of HBeAg was 49.4% and 33.3%,respectively(P

Dao-di Herbs is specificity and locality, and its unique phenotypic features is closely related to the growth and development of medicinal plants. In addition to traditional genetic, epigenetic play an important role in formation of Dao-di herbs. This paper introduces the concept of epigenetic and the role of DNA methylation in the gene expression regulation. We further prospects epigenetic mechanism in study of Dao-di herbs formation from specific phenotype and regional analysis. And study on the relationship of epigenetic and Dao-di herbs will provide a basis for quality assessment and identification of Chinese drugs.
DNA Methylation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics

In the research field of quality control in Chinese medicinal materials, variation in active ingredients of medicinal plant is always the key and hot issues. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and reducing cost, a large numbers of genes from medicinal plant were cloning and provide a solid foundation for further research of gene structure and its biological function, and also provides conditions for explore active ingredient variation and its quality control from the perspective of molecular pharmacognosy. This paper introduces the concept of homologous gene, gene duplication and classification. We prospect the function of duplicated genes in the role of molecular mechanism research about variation in active ingredients, aiming at providing a new way for medicinal materials quality control.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Gene Duplication ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; genetics ; Quality Control

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is indicated as an effective method for treatment of delayed fracture healing or nonunion. Osteoblasts plays an important role in this process.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function of osteoblasts in the process of extracorporeal shock wave promoting fractures healing, and to provide theoretical support for improving shock wave therapy on fracture healing.METHODS: Primary cultured ostsoblasts were isolated from newbon SD rat calvaria and randomly divided into two groups, shock wave and control. Treated by different energies of extracorporeal shock wave, cells were incubated onto 96-well culture plate. An optimal dose of extracorporeai shock wave was selected according to survival and proliferation of osteoblasts. The osteoblasts treated by optimal energy of extracorporeal shock wave were cultured and harvested for the analysis of alkaline phosphatase by calcium cobolt stain, cell survival by CCK-8 Kit, alkaline phosphatase expression by AKP kit, mineralized nodules by Alizarin red staining, integrin β1 and β1 mRNA expressions by flow cytometry and RT-PCR, cell migration by wound healing assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optimal energy of extracorporeal shock wave treating primary cultured osteoblasts was 10 kV (500 impulses). Following extracorporeal shock wave therapy, the cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, cell mineralization, rates of cell adhesion, as well as β1 integrin and its mRNA expressions were increased as compared with those in control group (P ＜ 0.01). Further distance of cell migration was found in extracorporeal shock wave group (P ＜ 0.05). The results showed that the optimal energy of extracorporeal shock wave could promote the proliferation, differentiation, adhesion and migration of osteoblasts in vitro, and β1 integrin may play an important role in the process of cell adhesion and migration.

The quality management of drug research,development,registration,production and marketing strengthened by good practice for pharmaceuticals ensure the drag safety,effectiveness and quality control.Teaching of new drug research and evaluation in compliance with good practice for pharmaceuticals will be of value in making teaching content close to actual work,extending the students'knowledge and training student's good habits in scientific study.