Objective To evaluate urodynamic diagnosis of intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) in female stress urinary incontinence. Methods Leak-point pressures (LPP) and maximum urethra close pressures (MUCP) were detected in 30 patients with female stress urinary incontinence,among whom there were 11 cases with type Ⅲ,19 type Ⅱ/Ⅲ. Results Of type Ⅲ incontinence the LPP was less than 50 cmH 2O in 10 out of 11 and in 17 out of 19 type Ⅱ/Ⅲ incontinence the LPP 50～100 cmH 2O ( P

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Buruli Ulcer ; pathology ; surgery ; DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium ulcerans ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Tuberculosis, Cutaneous ; pathology

Objective:To analyze the change rules of quantitative parameters of magnetic resonance-perfusion weighted imaging (MR-PWI) in cynomolgus monkeys with different degrees of liver fibrosis, and to explore the best parameter of MR-PWI in evaluating the severity of liver fibrosis.Methods:Liver fibrosis models of twenty-two cynomolgus monkeys were successfully established by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride and feeding with high-fat food. Among them, 15 cynomolgus monkeys developed into early liver cirrhosis (stage S4 of liver fibrosis). Compatibility group design was adopted, the comparative study on MR-PWI of exchange double blood supply model of liver was carried out in these 15 cynomolgus monkeys with a complete development process of liver fibrosis. The quantitative parameters of MR-PWI included endothelial transfer constant ( ktrans), reflux rate constant ( kep), extravascular extracellular space fractional volume ( ve), fractional plasma volume ( vp) and hepatic artery perfusion index (HPI). The change rules of the above parameters and their correlation with the severity of hepatic fibrosis were analyzed. The best parameter of MR-PWI was explored. Compatibility group design (randomized block design), analysis of variance, SNK- q test, Spearman rank correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results:ktrans and kep of MR-PWI of cynomolgus monkeys decreased along with the progress of hepatic fibrosis, and the differences were statistically significant ( F=685.228, 99.718, both P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences between each stage of hepatic fibrosis (S1 to S4) and normal liver tissue (S0) ((0.527±0.038), (0.479±0.035), (0.432±0.032) and (0.387±0.031) mL/min vs.(0.584±0.044) mL/min, all P<0.01; (2.193±0.307), (1.997±0.301), (1.624±0.174) and (1.532±0.130) mL/min vs. (2.565±0.482) mL/min, all P<0.01). There were statistically significant in ktrans and kep between stage S3, S4 severe liver fibrosis and stage S1 mild liver fibrosis, stage S2 moderate liver fibrosis (all P<0.01), however there were no statistically significant differences between stage S3 and stage S4 liver fibrosis, between stage S1 and stage S2 liver fibrosis (all P>0.05). Along with the development of the severity of liver fibrosis, HPIs increased gradually, and the differences were statistically significant ( F=839.883, P<0.01). The HPIs of stage S0 to S4 were 0.244±0.022, 0.317±0.035, 0.421±0.046, 0.546±0.043 and 0.651±0.058, respectively, and there were statistically significant differences between groups (all P<0.01). Along with the progression of the severity of liver fibrosis, vp decreased while ve increased gradually, but there were no statistically significant differences among groups (all P>0.05). The results of Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that ktrans and kep were negatively correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis ( rs=-0.875 and -0.797, both P<0.01), however HPI was positively correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis ( rs=0.959, P<0.01). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that area under curves (AUCs) of ktrans, kep and HPI in the diagnosis of early cirrhosis were 0.852 (95% CI 0.767 to 0.937), 0.799 (95% CI 0.700 to 0.897) and 0.967 (95% CI 0.932 to 1.002), respectively. The best cut-off values were 0.395 mL/min, 1.561 mL/min and 0.590, respectively. The sensitivity was 86.7%, 79.6% and 97.4%, respectively and the specificity was 77.4%, 71.9% and 93.1%, respectively. The thresholds of HPI in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis at stage S1, stage S2, stage S3 and stage S4 were 0.291, 0.376, 0.503 and 0.590, respectively; the sensitivity was 95.7%, 93.8% and 94.4% and 97.4%, respectively and the specificity was 89.5%, 84.7%, 91.3% and 92.7%, respectively. Conclusions:The parameters of MR-PWI change regularly with the development of liver fibrosis in the cynomolgus monkey model, among which HPI is the best parameter for quantitative evaluation of the severity of liver fibrosis.

Racemic (±)-F18 (10-chloromethyl-11-demethyl-12-oxo-calanolide A), an analog of nature product (+)-calanolide A, is a new anti-HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcript inhibitor (NNRTI). A successful enantioseparation of (±)-F18 offering (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 was achieved by a chiral stationary phase prepared HPLC. Their absolute configurations were determined by measurement of their electronic circular dichroisms combined with modem quantum-chemical calculations. Further investigation revealed that (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 shared a similar anti-HIV activities, however, (R)-F18 was more potent than (S)-F18 against wild-type virus, K101E mutation and P225H mutation pseudoviruses.
Anti-HIV Agents ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Pyranocoumarins ; chemistry

Objective At present, there are few studies about myelolipoma within adrenal cortical adenoma.Our aim was to provide more basis for correct diagnosis and treatment by investigation into its clinical and pathological features.Methods The clinical and pathological data were retrospectively reviewed in 11 patients of myelolipoma within adrenal cortical adenoma, along with relative literature reviews.Results The median age of 11 patients (7 females, 4 males) was 49±9.5 years, among whom 3 patients presented Cushing's syndrome, 1 patient with more than 10 years' recurrent dizzy with hypertension, other 7 patients were found coincidently by routine examination.Adrenal mass were found by imaging examination.Pathologically, myelolipomas were in solitary nodule distribution and/or admixed with adrenal cortical adenomas.Myelolipomas were composed of variable admixture of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements.Surgical treatment was performed for all 11 patients, and no relapse was found in 2 months' to 11 years' follow-up.Conclusion Myelolipoma within adrenal cortical adenoma is extremely rare, which is common in females.The patients may present with Cushing's syndrome, hypertension or without obvious clinical syndrome.All the patients are in favorable prognosis after surgical resection.

Objective To study the effects of abiotic elicitors methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and salicylic acid (SA) on the alkaloids accumulation and related enzymes metabolism inPinellia ternata suspension cell cultures. Methods Using the leaf petioles-derived suspension cell cultures as the study object, the culture duration, concentrations of MeJA and SA were determined to get the optimal alkaloids accumulation, and the activities of metabolic enzymes IMP dehydrogenase and sAMP synthase were also measured.Results A 9-fold of dried biomass and a 3-fold of alkaloids accumulation were observed inP. ternata suspension cell cultures after culture for 21 d. Both MeJA and SA could significantly promote the accumulation of alkaloids inP. ternata suspension cells. 150 μmol/L MeJA enhanced alkaloids content (4.7 mg/gDW) by 3.6 folds in comparison with control group, whereas 50 μmol/L SA showed a 2.5-fold increase. Meanwhile, 100 μmol/L MeJA and 50 μmol/L SA promoted the increase in IMP dehydrogenase activity by 3.0 and 3.7 fold respectively, and 150 μmol/L MeJA and 100 μmol/L SA showed the increase by 2.6 and 4.4 fold respectively.Conclusion Proper adding exogenous MeJA and SA can promote the accumulation of alkaloids inPinellia ternata suspension cell cultures.

Objective To identify Anaplasma species circulating among livestock and rodents from Xitianmu Mountain area in Zhejiang province , Southeastern China and to analyze variations regarding to their 16S rRNA gene.Methods Samples of spleen, liver and blood were collected to extract DNAs .The 16S rRNA gene fragments of Anaplasma species were amplified by using a nested PCR and then sequenced .Ho-mology analysis was conducted by using BLAST program .The multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses comparing with the sequences of other Anaplasma species in GenBank were conducted by using MEGA 5.0 software.Results The 16S rRNA gene fragments of Anaplasma were detected in 1 cattle, 8 goats, 5 Rattus confucianus, 1 Apodemus agrarius, 1 Berylmys bowersi and 1 squirrel out of 129 animals. The natural infection rate of Anaplasma was 13.2% in animals from Xitianmu Mountain area in Zhejiang . The alignment and phylogenetic analyses indicated that there were at least four Anaplasma species prevalent in livestock and rodents from Xitianmu Mountain area , including Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma centrale and Anaplasma bovis.Moreover, there was a variant that obviously differed from Anaplasmma bovis and other Anaplasma sp.in GenBank.Conclusion The Anaplasma infection was detected among livestock and rodents from Xitianmu Mountain area in Zhejiang province .A newly discovered variant in rodents was likely to be a novel species .More close attention should be paid to Anaplasma infec-tion among human in Xitianmu Mountain area .

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To screen out a suitable lead for monitoring the ambulatory electrocardiogram ( ECG) in un-restrained toad, and to investigate its practicability.METHODS:After subcutaneously implanting the electrodes in toads under anaesthesia, the ambulatory ECG of 5 leads were monitored with BL-420S data acquisition and analysis system, and the leads which could well express the waveform in ECG were screened out.The recovery process of the toads from the arti-ficial hibernation within 6 h, the day-to-day stability of the heart rate ( HR) and the heart rate variability ( HRV) in 5 suc-cessive days of hibernation, and the HR and HRV after freeze-thawing process were monitored to determine its practicabili-ty.RESULTS:Two out of 5 leads showed better ECG waveforms.Compared with 6 h post hibernation, lowered HR at 0 h and 1 h was observed, and the standard deviation of normal R-R intervals ( SDNN) was significantly increased ( P<0.05 or P<0.01), but the HR and SDNN from 2 to 5 h showed no significant difference, suggesting that the cardiac function reached the steady state after 2 h recovery.The HR at 2 h and 4 h on day 4 and day 5 decreased significantly compared with that on day 1 (P<0.05 or P<0.01), followed with a significant increase in SDNN (P<0.05 or P<0.01), sugges-ting that the ECG remained stable within 3 d.The HR increased, while SDNN decreased significantly at 1 h and 12 h post-thawing compared with that at pre-freeze (P<0.05), indicating the damaged cardiac function after freeze-thawing process. CONCLUSION:The method of subcutaneously implanting electrodes is suitable for effectively monitoring the ambulatory ECG in toads.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Yiqi Huazhi recipe Quqian granules on rat renal tubular cell apoptosis induced by lead poisoning. Methods:Totally 60 Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups, 12 in the control group and the others in the model group. Chronic lead poisoning model was made by drinking 0. 02% lead acetate water for 60 days. Then the lead poisoning rats were randomly divided into four groups, high-dose Quqian granules group (3. 0 g·kg-1·d-1), low-dose Quqian granules group (0. 6 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) , positive control group ( calcium disodium edentate plus procaine, im, 50 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) and model group. Seven treatment courses were carried out in the first three groups with every 4-d as one course and 4-d withdrawal period between every two courses. After 60 days, the change of lead in blood and kidney was observed by atomic absorption spectrometry,the apoptosis of kidney tissues was studied by TUNEL, the expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected by immunohistochemical methods and the expression of p53 was studied by Western Blotting. Results:Compared with the control group, the body weight, hemoglobin and the expression of Bcl-2 in the model group were decreased significantly(P<0.01)those in, and Pb in blood(0.990 ±0.443)μg·ml-1, Pb in kidney(51.33 ± 5. 16)μg·ml-1 , the apoptosis of tubular epithelial cell(4. 148 ± 0. 414) and the expression of p53 protein (1. 868 ± 0. 139) were significantly higher (P<0. 05). Compared with the those in model group, the body weight, hemoglobin and Bcl-2 in high-dose group were increased significantly(P<0.01), and the blood lead level (0.082 ±0.015)μg·ml-1, the kidney lead level (6.38 ±0.97)μg ·ml-1 , the apoptosis of tubular epithelial cell(1. 412 ± 0. 109) and p53 protein expression(1. 164 ± 0. 172) were significantly lower (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Lead may induce high expression of p53,low expression of Bcl-2 and promote the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. It is proven that Yiqi Huazhi recipe Quqian granules can inhibit the expression increase of p53 and the expression de-crease of Bcl-2 resulting in the reduction of the renal tubular apoptosis to allivate the renal injury caused by lead.

Objective To develop a rapid and efficient single cell PCR method for the non-invasive prenatal hemophilia A genetic diagnosis.Methods Six STR markers (DXS15,DXS9901,G6PD, DXS1073,DXS1108 and F8Civsl3) closely linked to F Ⅷ gene were examined in 118 healthy individuals and 12 hemophilia A families by muhi-plex fluorescent PCR.Three markers with the higher heterozygote rate and diagnostic rate were chosen and combined with amelogenin gene to establish the four-plex nested fluorescent PCR on single lymphocyte level.Results The single lymphocyte amplification rates of Amelogenin,DXS15,FSCivsl3 and DXSI073 were 94.3%,91.4%,100% and 100% in the normal male,and 100% ,97.1% ,97.1% and 97.1% in the normal female's respectively.The female was heterozygous in DXS1073 and DXS15.However,no allele dropout was found in both markers.Neither the false negative nor the false positive amplification was observed.Conclusion The single cell four-plex nested fluorescent PCR method established in this study is convenient and efficient,and will be hopefully employed in the clinical non-invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis for hemophilia A.