Objective To investigate the relationship between the Apolipoprotein(Apo)A5-1131T>C polymorphism and strokes.Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)and polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresis(PAGE)wefe used to analyze the genotypic polymorphism in 327 patients with stroke(including 194 cerebral infarction patients and 133 cerebral hemorrhage patients)and 311 healthy controls.The levels of serum lipids profiles were also measuredby enzymatic methods. Results The frequency of the-1131C allele in cerebral infarction patients was significantly higher than that of the control group(44.1% vs 32.3%,P<0.05),but there was not statisticai difference between cerebral hemorrhage patients and controls on the-1131C allele frequeney(35.4%vs 32.3%,P>0.05).Compared with the noncamers,the C carriers also had a higher triglyceride(TG)levels in stroke group[(1.45±0.77)vs(1.69±1.06)mmol/L,P<0.05],but the total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)levels did not show statistical differences in various genotypes(P>0.05).Unadjusted Logistic regression analysis indicated that TC+CC genotype of A5-1131T>C was significantly associated with the presence of cerebral infarction,but not with hemorrhage stroke.Logistic regression analysis adjustedfor BMI,presence of hypertension or diabetes and HDL-C levels revealed that TC+CC genotype was an independent risk factor for cerebralinfarction(OR=1.932,95%CI:1.057-3.532,P=0.032). Conclusion The ApoA5-1131C allele frequency of the patients with cerebral infarction is significantly higher than controls.ApoA5-1131T>C polymorphism has a significant influence on serum TG levels.The ApoA5-1131T>C variant is associated with an increased susceptibility for ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3 (Wnt3) in rat dental follicles and its protein level in dental follicle cells (DFC) undergoing osteogenic induction and to discuss the effects of Wnt3 on the differentiation of DFC.

METHODSRats at postnatal days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 were executed, then the mandibles were immediately removed and immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of Wnt3 in dental follicles of postnatal rats. The expression and distribution of Wnt3 in DFC were determined by immunofluorescence. Alizarin red-S staining was performed to assess the mineralization of DFC. Western blotting was used to evaluate Wnt3 and β-catenin protein levels after stimulated by osteogenic medium for 1, 2 and 3 weeks, respectively.

RESULTSImmunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of Wnt3 in rat dental follicles began at day 5 and sustained to day 13. On day 1 and 3, the expression of Wnt3 in dental follicles was negative.Wnt3 was expressed in the cytoplasm of DFC. Alizarin red-S staining indicated that the osteogenic medium stimulated the differentiation of DFC into osteoblastic lineage.Western blotting demonstrated that the Wnt3 protein levels were significantly up-regulated after stimulated with osteogenic medium for 1 weeks compared with the control (2.60 ± 0.04 vs.1.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05). Then the levels of Wnt3 protein were declined, and at the 3rd week, no significant difference was observed between osteo-induced group and the control (1.00 ± 0.05 vs.1.00 ± 0.00, P > 0.05). The levels of β-catenin were increased in osteo-induced groups compared with the control (1.95 ± 0.05 vs.1.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05; 9.77 ± 0.65 vs.1.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05;1.75 ± 0.21 vs.1.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of β-catenin reached to a peak on the 2nd week (9.77 ± 0.65), and then declined.

CONCLUSIONSWnt3 was expressed in the rat dental follicles both in vivo and in vitro and up-regulated during early phase of osteoblast differentiation in DFC.Wnt3 may be involved in early phase of osteoblast differentiation.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Dental Sac ; cytology ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Male ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Osteogenesis ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; pharmacology ; Up-Regulation ; Wnt3 Protein ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the influences of loading time and loading angle on the stress, displacement of human periodontal ligament in dynamic jaw. Methods The three-dimensional assembly model of the mandible front teeth, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone was reconstructed by using the reverse engineering technology. The thickness of periodontal membranes was 0.2 mm. The stress, displacement at different positions of the periodontal ligaments during different jaw cycles were analyzed under dynamic load in the direction from bucca to tongue side with 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90° angle to the long axis of the tooth. Results During one jaw cycle, the ratio of the maximum to minimum value of the maximum residual stress due to different loading angles was 5.5, and the ratio of the maximum to minimum value of the maximum displacement was 8.1. The ratio of the maximum to minimum value of the maximum displacement which was caused by five jaw cycles was increased in the range from 1.02 to 1.35 with the increase of loading angles. The ratio of the maximum to minimum value of the maximum residual stress which was caused by different loading angles was increased in the range from 1.86 to 3.00 with the increase of jaw cycles. The location of the maximum stress was at the tongue side of the cervical margin at different loading angles, and the location of the maximum residual stress was distributed at different positions of the cervical margin. Most stress was accumulated at the root of the periodontal ligament under the 0° dynamic load. Conclusions The situation of the accumulated residual stresses and the uncertainties in the distribution of the maximum residual stresses should be observed in the clinical choice of mandible incisors fixed by bridge abutments; large angle force applied to the tooth was harmful to the periodontal ligament and rapid succession of chewing hard food should be avoided as much as possible during the clinical treatment.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of systemic allergic reactions induced by subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in patients undergoing SCIT injections in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). Methods: This is a single center retrospective cohort study. Using the outpatient information system of PUMCH, the demographic information and injection-related reaction data of patients undergoing SCIT injection in Allergy Department of PUMCH from December 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed to count the incidence and risk factors of systemic allergic reactions caused by SCIT. Mann-Whitney nonparametric test or chi-square test was used for single-factor analysis, and multiple logistic regression was used for multiple-factor analysis. Results: A total of 2 897 patients received 18 070 SCIT injections in Allergy Department during the four years, and 40 systemic allergic reactions occurred, with the overall incidence rate of 0.22%. The incidence of systemic allergic reaction was 0.37% when using imported dust mite preparation and 0.15% when using domestic multi-component allergen preparation. The risk factors significantly related with SCIT-induced systemic allergic reactions in patients using imported dust mite preparation were age less than 18 years old (OR=3.186,95%CI: 1.255-8.085), highest injection concentration (OR value could not be calculated because all patients with systemic reactions were injected with highest concentration), and large local reaction in previous injection (OR=22.264,95%CI: 8.205-60.411). The risk factors for SCIT-induced systemic allergic reactions in patients using domestic allergen preparation were 5 or more types of allergens (OR=3.455,95%CI: 1.147-10.402), highest injection concentration (OR=3.794,95%CI: 1.226-11.740) and large local reaction in previous injection (OR=63.577,95%CI: 22.248-181.683). However, SCIT injection in pollen allergic patients during the pollen season did not show a correlation with systemic allergic reaction. Conclusion: The incidence of SCIT-induced systemic allergic reactions was low in the Chinese patient population of this study. Patients with one or more risk factors, such as multiple allergen injection, highest injection concentration, large local reaction in previous injection, should be given high attention and vigilance against systemic allergic reactions.
Humans ; Allergens ; Asian People ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Hypersensitivity/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of systemic allergic reactions induced by subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in patients undergoing SCIT injections in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). Methods: This is a single center retrospective cohort study. Using the outpatient information system of PUMCH, the demographic information and injection-related reaction data of patients undergoing SCIT injection in Allergy Department of PUMCH from December 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed to count the incidence and risk factors of systemic allergic reactions caused by SCIT. Mann-Whitney nonparametric test or chi-square test was used for single-factor analysis, and multiple logistic regression was used for multiple-factor analysis. Results: A total of 2 897 patients received 18 070 SCIT injections in Allergy Department during the four years, and 40 systemic allergic reactions occurred, with the overall incidence rate of 0.22%. The incidence of systemic allergic reaction was 0.37% when using imported dust mite preparation and 0.15% when using domestic multi-component allergen preparation. The risk factors significantly related with SCIT-induced systemic allergic reactions in patients using imported dust mite preparation were age less than 18 years old (OR=3.186,95%CI: 1.255-8.085), highest injection concentration (OR value could not be calculated because all patients with systemic reactions were injected with highest concentration), and large local reaction in previous injection (OR=22.264,95%CI: 8.205-60.411). The risk factors for SCIT-induced systemic allergic reactions in patients using domestic allergen preparation were 5 or more types of allergens (OR=3.455,95%CI: 1.147-10.402), highest injection concentration (OR=3.794,95%CI: 1.226-11.740) and large local reaction in previous injection (OR=63.577,95%CI: 22.248-181.683). However, SCIT injection in pollen allergic patients during the pollen season did not show a correlation with systemic allergic reaction. Conclusion: The incidence of SCIT-induced systemic allergic reactions was low in the Chinese patient population of this study. Patients with one or more risk factors, such as multiple allergen injection, highest injection concentration, large local reaction in previous injection, should be given high attention and vigilance against systemic allergic reactions.
Humans ; Allergens ; Asian People ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Hypersensitivity/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies