Objective To evaluate the operation of laparoscopic splenectomy(LS),its safety and clinical effects.Methods Literature of the advances of LS were reviewed and analyzed.Results With the development of technology and surgical technique,the indications for LS were widened,the size of spleen plays an important role in the clinical outcome of LS.Conclusion LS has all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery.The application of hand-assisted technique is safe and feasible for giant spleen.With the accumulation of surgical experiences and technique development,LS will be extensively used in clinic.

Objective To find out the present situation of complementary feeding, breast-feeding and children nutrition, and further explore the relationship between them. Methods Random sampling was adopted and 7302pairs of mothers and their children under 36 months were investigated by means of questionnaires. Results Breastfeeding rate was 96.8% ,but exclusive breast-feeding rate was only 37.6% . Breast-feeding rate over 12 months was 34.7% ,breast-feeding rate over 24 months was only 15.8%. Timely sucking rate was 8.4％ ,19.2% of children had too early complementary feeding, 26.8% had too late,and 43. 1% had appropriate feeding . To the children over 6months, the feeding rates of meat and eggs per week were 36. 3% and 49. 3 % , respectively. The stunting-rate was 24.0％, underweight-rate 22. 1 ％ ,and wasting-rate 8. 9 ％. The incidence rate of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was 23.3 %. Multivariable analysis showed that growth of children was associated with diet diversity,intake frequency of eggs and meat, too early complementary feeding,prolonged breast-feeding and diarrhea, etc. Conclusion In rural areas of western China ,breast-feeding has been fundamentally popularized ,however ,the unfit complementary feeding and malnutrition of children under 36 months are common and serious ,important complementary feeding recommendations and good hygiene condition are strongly needed.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Meconium ; Peritonitis ; etiology

AIM: To study the neuroprotective effect and possible mechanism of ganglioside GM 1 on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy(HIE). METHODS: A rat model of neonatal HIE was established, then the pathological changes and expressions of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the brain tissues were investigated in different periods after hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and the subseqent changes of the above results after GM 1 administrated. RESULTS: The damage of the brain exposed to HI were alleviated significantly after GM 1 administrated. The levels of NOS expressions in the brain tissue increased after HI. GM 1 could inhibit NOS expressions induced by HI. CONCLUSION: GM 1 may have some protective effects on neonatal HIE, and the possible mechanism is related to the partial inhibition of NOS expression.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the contents and importance of clinical pharmaceutical care.METHODS:Our experiences in carrying out clinical pharmaceutical care in our hospital were analyzed through exemplification.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmaceutical care can help improve the medical quality and reduce medical risks.Pharmacist system should be established in hospital to support the work of clinical pharmacists.

Objective To examine the expression of follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) in the peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa tissues of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and analyze the correlation between its expression and the activity of UC.Methods From October 2010 to June 2012,sixty patients with UC were collected.From April 2012 to October 2012,thirty individuals without any obvious mucosa lesion under colonoscope and confirmed by pathological examination were set as control group.The serum expression level of FSTL1 of both UC group and control group were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).t-test was performed for comparison between groups.The expression of FSTL1 in the intestinal mucosa of UC group and control group was detected by immunohistochemistry.Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.The patients with UC were scored with ulcerative colitis disease activity index (UCDAI).Its correlation with plasma FSTL1 was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient.Results The serum expression level of FSTL1 of UC group ((14.37-±-1.80) μg/L) was higher than that of control group ((5.80±0.72) μg/L)and the difference was statistically significant (t=25.01,P＜ 0.05).The serum expression level of FSTL1 of UC group was positively correlated with UCDAI (r=0.814,P＜0.05).The positive expression rate of FSTL1 in the intestinal mucosa tissues of UC group (86.7％,52/60)was higher than that of control group (46.7％,14/30) and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =52.334,P＜0.05).Conclusions The expression of FSTL1 of UC patients increases and is positively correlated with disease activity.FSTL1 may play a role in the development of UC.

Objective To explore the effects of case method teaching in the medical postgraduate student of dermatology English teaching. Methods The experiment group was taught by case method teaching, and the control group was taught by traditional teaching model. The quantitative research and questionnaire investigation were used to evaluate the teaching methods. Results (1) There were significant differences in professional English test scores of Dermatology between the two groups;(2) The questionnaire investigation revealed that the case method teaching have achieved a higher evaluation from students in stimulating their enthusiasm of learning English,cultivating their ability of using language and improving capability of resolving clinical problem. Conclusion Case method teaching could help students cultivate the abilities to interpersonal communication and cooperation, raise the sense of innovation and innovation capacity,strengthen the relation between skills and theoretical knowledge, and improve the ability of self-management, learn cooperation and information literacy. But we should improve the case-based teaching and evaluation methods,in order to improve the teaching method of case teaching quality.

Objective To study the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of solute carrier family 22 member 4 (SLC22A4) and SLC22A5 genes with Crhon's disease (CD) in Chinese Han nationality. Methods SNPs in the entire coding region of SLC22A4 and SLC22A5 genes were screened by direct DNA sequencing in 80 CD patients and 80 healthy subjects, and statistical in Han population. Five SNPs were found in entire coding region (2 in SLC22A4 gene and 3 in distribution of the alleles and genotypes of SLC22A4 and SLC22A5 polymorphisms between CD patients and healthy controls. Conclusion There is no correlation of SLC22A4 and SLC22A5 with CD in Chinese Han nationality.

Objective To investigate the roles of CpG motifs in the release of cytokines induced by bacterial DNA. Methods Mice were sensitized with injection of D GalN (600 mg/kg) into the abdominal cavity 1 h before experiment. Mortality was observed after purified Escherichia coli DNA(EC DNA), calf thymus DNA(CT DNA), phosphorothioate backbone CpG oligodeoxy nucleotides (CpG ODN) and CG sequence inverted oligodeoxy nucleotides (non CpG ODN) were injected venously into mice. The injection dosage of DNA given was 30 mg/kg but ODN was 10 nmol/mouse. THP 1 cell lines were cultured in vitro . After the above reagents were added into the culture, TNF ?, IL 6, IL 1? levels were detected to observe the different abilities of these reagents to induce the release of cytokines. Results EC DNA and CpG ODN could induce the death of mice and the large amount of release of cytokines, but CT DNA and Non CpG ODN could not. Conclusion CpG ODN has the ability to induce macrophage to release cytokines largely. CpG motifs, which may play an important role in the release of cytokines induced by bacterial DNA, may probably be the structural basis of bacterial DNA.

BACKGROUND:Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)measurement is capable of detecting very early cerebral circulatory disorders accurately and assessing the time-window and the possibility of reversible brain function after reperfusion at various post-ischemia time points.OBJECTIVE: To establish the swine model of ischemic stroke, to assess the time-window of reversible ischemia and to evaluate the significance of SPECT cerebral ischemia-perfusion imaging on predicting very early time window.DESIGN: Randomized, controlled and experimental study.SETTING: Neurological department of a municipal hospital.MATERIALS: From January to August 2002, it was completed at the Laboratory Animal Research Center of Qingdao Municipal Hospital. Twelve 4 months old domestic swine (Sus scrofa), males and females and weighing 8-10 kg, were selected and fed with conventional method.INTERVENTIONS: Twelve swine pigs were divided into block group and reperfusion group, 6 in each group. In all the pigs, common carotid artery in one lateral was blocked by a clamp. Animals in block group sacrificed at 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 hour respectively. In perfusion group, clamps were removed at 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 hour respectively, and then the animals were killed 24 hours later. Before sacrifice, all the animals underwent SPECT examination, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurement and CT scan. After sacrifice, 1 mm3 brain tissues were taken from each lobe and were stained by HE staining. Then light microscope and electron microscope were used to study the histological changes.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: SPECT and brain CT scan were used to investigate the cytological changes in brain tissues after various length of ischemiaRESULTS: Twelve swine pigs entered the statistical analysis procedure.By using light microscope and electron microscope, it was found that at 5 hour after operation, neurons in operational side were a little swelled, with swelled mitochondria, a mitochondria crests loss and a progressive plasma loss in a few neurons. While in those with clamps removed within 4 hours after turn off, brain tissue structures were mainly restored.CONCLUSION: SPECT is capable of detecting ischemic brain injury immediately. It is proved by histological evidence that a more-than-5-hour ischemia will cause irreversible changes in neurons.