The purpose of the medical moral education is to make medical undergraduates form stable feature and tendency of the medical moral psychology.In order to improve the development of the medical moral psychology as well as ensure the result of medical moral education,we should continuously make the medical moral education suit to the rule of the formation and development of medical moral psychology.

Adenocarcinoma ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Barrett Esophagus ; complications ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; CDX2 Transcription Factor ; Esophagogastric Junction ; pathology ; Esophagus ; pathology ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Keratin-20 ; metabolism ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Mucous Membrane ; pathology ; Precancerous Conditions ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effects and pharmacoeconomic results of four proton-pump inhibitors in the duo-denal ulcer patients with hemorrhage. Methods:Using a retrospective analysis, 90 duodenal ulcer patients with hemorrhage were in-volved. According to the proton pump inhibitors, there was no statistic difference among those groups(P>0. 05). The mean time to stop bleading,hemostalsis rate,and the incidance of adverse drug reactions of those four groups,there were no statistic differece too( P>0. 05). The cost of pantprazole group was much lower than the other three groups by cost-minimication analysis. Results:The effective rate of the four groups was 80. 0%, 86. 7%, 90. 0% and 90. 0%, respectively;there was no statistic difference among those groups(P>0. 05). The mean time to stop bleeding, hemostasis rate, and the incidence of adverse drug reactions of those four groups, there were no statistic difference too(P>0. 05). The cost of pantoprazole group was much lower than the other three groups by cost-minimization alanysis. Conclusion:The effect and safety of the four groups were basically equivalent, while the coot of pantoprazole is lowest, it is the best treatment plan by pharmacoeceonomics.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antibiotics in patients with AECOPD. METHODS:The patho-gen distribution and antibiotics use of AECOPD patients was analyzed in respiratory department of our hospital during 2014-2015. The infection site,pathogen distribution and antibiotics use(including medication purpose,drug name,usage,dosage,medication duration,route of administration,drug combination),infection and compliance were investigated and analyzed statistically. RE-SULTS:Among 967 AECOPD patients,there were 619 cases of positive sputum culture(64.01%). A total of 774 strains were iso-lated,including 542 strains of Gram-negative bacterial (70.03%) and 232 strains of Gram-positive bacterial (29.97%);most of them were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(207 strains,26.72%). 765 patients were treated with antibiotics,and utilization ratio of an-tibiotics was 79.11%. 276 cases were treated with one kinds of antibiotics (36.08%),435 treated with 2 kinds of antibiotics (56.86%)and 54 treated with 3 kinds of antibiotics and above(7.06%). Top 3 drugs in the list of frequency were Levofloxacin injection(455 cases/times,47.05%),Moxifloxacin injection(241 cases/times,24.92%)and Cefmetazole for injection(192 cas-es/times,19.86%). Top 3 drug combination regimen were Cefmetazole for injection+Levofloxacin injection (107 cases/times, 21.88%),Cefoxitin for injection+Levofloxacin injection(96 cases/times,19.63%)and Moxalactam for injection+Levofloxacin in-jection(65 cases/times,13.29%). CONCLUSIONS:Anti-infective therapy regimen of AECOPD patients should be formulated ac-cording to relevant guideline,and pathogenic factors of infection are analyzed. Great importance should be attached to reasonable, scientific,safe and standard use of antibiotics,etiological examination;pathogenic bacteria culture and drug sensitivity test should be conducted as soon as possible. So as to obtain better therapeutic efficacy and reduce the generation of drug-resistant strain.

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for arterial and venous obstructive vascular di-seases. Raised plasma homocysteine concentrations are caused by genetic and non-genetic factors. The pathogenic mechanism is not clear. It may be associated with endothelium dysfunction, abnormal lipid metabolism, hypertrophy of intima media, increased platelet aggregation and several clotting factors interfered, etc. The metabolism and pathogenic mechanism of homocysteine are reviewed in this article, which provides theoretical foundation for the treatement of hyperhomocysteinemia.

Objective:To investigate the effect of IL-6?TNF-? and TGF-? 1 on the occurrence and development of DM and DN.Methods:To observe the changes of IL-6?TNF-? and TGF-? 1 amount in normal group ?DM group and DN respectively .Results:The amount of IL-6?TNF-? and TGF-? 1 in DM group and DN group are markedly higher that in normal group.The amount of IL-6?TNF-??TGF-? 1 in DN is markedly higher than that in DM group.Conclusion:IL-6?TNF-? and TGF-? 1 play an very important role in the occurrence and development in DM and DN.

Objective:To observe effects of Tongmai Yizhi Capsules on trace elements in the patient of vascular dementia.Methods:Blood trace elements Cu,Se,Zn and Fe contents before and after treatment were investigated in a Tongmai Yizhi Capsules group(n= 50)and a Hydergine group(n=30).Results:After treatment Cu,Se contents increased and Zn and Fe contents decreased in Tongmai Yizhi Capsules group with significant difference as compared with Hydergine group(P

Silibinin, from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), is a flavonolignan with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been therapeutically used for the treatment of hepatic diseases in China, Germany and Japan. Recently, increasing evidences prove that silibinin is also a potent antitumor agent, and the major anti-tumor mechanism for silibinin is the prominent inhibition of the activities of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their downstream signal molecules in a variety of tumor cell lines, such as epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathways. Meanwhile, the evidences that silibinin selectively scavenges hydroxyl free radical (*OH) and specifically inhibits the action of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) provide more complicated explanations for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Some new findings such as that silibinin attenuating the cognitive deficits induced by amyloid beta protein (Abeta) peptide through its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties is valuable to broad the medical prospect of silibinin. In this review, we discuss the molecular pharmacological mechanisms of silibinin, focusing on its inhibition of tyrosine kinases, actions of antioxidation, free radical scavenging, immunoregulation and anti-inflammation.

Ectodermal Dysplasia ; classification ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Patient Care

Objective To investigate the signal transduction pathway mechanisms of rats with liver fibrosis regulated by leptin and interfering effects of mistletoe alkali .Methods The hepatic fibrosis in rats model was established by injecting carbon tetrachloride .Forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into normal group ,model group and therapeutic group.All rats except rats in normal group were intraperitoneally injected with 40%carbon tetrachloride in peanut oil with a dose of 2.0 mL/100g according to the body weight twice a week for 8 weeks.Then, the therapeutic group was given mistletoe alkali (8g/(kg· d)) for 8 weeks via gastrogavage.Rats in normal and model group were served with distilled water at the same time.At the end of the 16th week, blood and tissue specimens were taken from all the rats .The influence of mistletoe alkali on liver morphology in liver fibrosis rat model was reviewed by HE and Masson staining .The effects of mistletoe alkali on the expression of Leptin and its receptor ( OB-Rb ) in HSC in fibrosis rat model were determined by immunohistochemistry (IH).The expression of JAK2, STAT3 and the activity of phospho -JAK2, phospho-STAT3 were detected by Western blotting analysis .Results The degree of fibrosis of the model group was more severe than the normal group and the treatment group , which suggested that mistletoe alkali can reverse liver fibrosis in rats . Immunohistochemical staining showed that mistletoe alkali reduced the hepatic expression of leptin and OB -Rb in rats with liver fibrosis in comparison with their expression in the model group .Compared with the normal group , the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 increased in the model group .However, the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 decreased in the medication groups compared with the model group .Conclusion Mistletoe alkali can effectively ameliorate liver fibrosis in rats possibly through inhibiting hepatic leptin and its receptor expressions , which through inhibiting hepatic leptin and its receptor expressions , thus inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway .