Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; administration & dosage ; Adrenergic beta-Agonists ; therapeutic use ; Bronchodilator Agents ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVEUsing the data on death for esophagus and stomach cancers in Linzhou cancer registration system, the mortality was described as well as the changing trend was analyzed.

METHODS18 240 death recorders for the both cancers during 1988 to 2003 were drawn from Linzhou cancer registration system. Of which, 10138 cases were esophageal cancer and 8102 cases were gastric cancer. Then data were stratified by sex, age, year and then linked to demographic classifications. The mortalities of two topographic site cancers were calculated and the age-adjusted rates were calculated by direct standardization to the world population. The Joinpoint model was used to get the estimated annual percent change (EAPC) of the age-adjusted rates, so to estimate the death rate change trends of both cancers in population of Linzhou city.

RESULTSIn 2003, the age-adjusted mortalities of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer were 68.47 per 100,000 and 57.01 per 100,000 respectively of Linzhou city. From 1988 to 2003 the death rates for both of cancers had showed the decline trends. The EAPC of the mortality for esophageal cancer was -3.82 (-4.81 - -2.82, P < 0.001) and that for gastric cancer was -2.95 (-4.16 - -1.73, P < 0.001) respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe declining trend in was observed the mortality of esophageal and gastric cancer in Linzhou by this study.

China ; epidemiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; trends ; Stomach Neoplasms ; mortality

In 2005, a program named "Early Detection and Early Treatment of Esophageal and Cardiac Cancer" (EDETEC) was initiated in China. A total of 8279 residents aged 40-69 years old were recruited into the EDETEC program in Linzhou of Henan Province between 2005 and 2008. Howerer, the cost-benefit of the EDETEC program is not very clear yet. We conducted herein a cost-benefit analysis of screening for esophageal and cardiac cancer. The assessed costs of the EDETEC program included screening costs for each subject, as well as direct and indirect treatment costs for esophageal and cardiac severe dysplasia and cancer detected by screening. The assessed benefits of this program included the saved treatment costs, both direct and indirect, on esophageal and cardiac cancer, as well as the value of prolonged life due to screening, as determined by the human capital approach. The results showed the screening cost of finding esophageal and cardiac severe dysplasia or cancer ranged from RMB 2707 to RMB 4512, and the total cost on screening and treatment was RMB 13 115-14 920. The cost benefit was RMB 58 944-155 110 (the saved treatment cost, RMB 17 730, plus the value of prolonged life, RMB 41 214-137 380). The ratio of benefit-to-cost (BCR) was 3.95-11.83. Our results suggest that EDETEC has a high benefit-to-cost ratio in China and could be instituted into high risk areas of China.
Adult ; Aged ; Cardia ; pathology ; China ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; economics ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; economics ; therapy ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; economics ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; economics ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the change of indicators of oxidative stress in serum and NF-kappaB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with silicosis, and explore the mechanism of the development of silicosis.

METHODSThe subjects were divided into (1) 200 workers exposed to SiO2 for at least 1 years in a foundry served as the dust-exposure group; (2) 130 cases with silicosis (I phase silicosis 64 cases, II phase 46 cases III phase 20 cases) served as the silicosis group; (3) 32 cases with 0+ phase silicosis in the foundry served as the observed group,(4)100 subjects from a hotel served as the control group. The serum including superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), lipid malondialdehyde (MDA) and NF-kappaB protein levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, NO levels in dust-exposed group and silicosis group significantly increased, and SOD decreased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the control group and dust-exposed group, T-AOC, NOS, MDA levels in silicosis group significantly increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). GSH-Px in dust-exposed group and silicosis group were (231.164 +/- 36.484) and (270.469 +/- 39.228)U/ml, respectively which were significantly than that [(223.360 +/- 46.838) U/ml] in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and there was significant difference of GSHPx between the silicosis group and the dust-exposed group significantly (P < 0.01) . GSH-Px level [(290.750 +/- 39.129) U/ml] in III phase silicosis group were significantly higher than those [(256.906 +/- 21.41) and (259.594 +/- 34.79) U/ml] in observation group and I phase silicosis group (P < 0.05). NF-kappaB levels [(72.06 +/- 9.12) and (85.25 +/- 11.64) ng/L] in dust-exposed group and silicosis group were significantly higher than that [(59.71 +/- 9.27) ng/L] in control group (P < 0.01), and there was significant difference of between the silicosis group and the dust-exposed group (P < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between serum GSH-Px level and the silicosis stages (r = 0.507, P < 0.01). Also there was a positive correlation between NF-kappaB level and silicosis stages, age, GSH-Px or NO levels (r = 0.376, 0.243, 0.233, 0.221, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe imbalance of oxidative and anti-oxidation system and the activation of NF-kappaB are related with the occurrence and development of silicosis. The monitoring of oxidative stress indicators and NF-kappaB is beneficial to the prediction and prognosis assessment of silicosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Silicosis ; blood ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Eucalyptus globulus oil on bronchiolitis and mucin hypersecretion in chronic bronchitis induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats.

METHODRat model was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide 0.2 mg. Pathological changes, alteration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and immunohistochemistry characters were examined after 3 weeks and the effect of E. globulus oil was observed.

RESULTCharacters of pathological manifestations of chronic bronchitis were found after instillation of LPS. Inflammatory cell infiltration and bronchiolitis severity were significantly reduced after administration of E. globulus oil. Especially in 300 mg x kg(-1) treated rats, there were significant decreases of mucin content in BALF and MUC5ac expression in trachea and bronchiole epithelium. Optical density and mucins area% detected by image analysis system were apparently lower than those in model group.

CONCLUSIONE. globulus oil has the anti-inflammatory effect on chronic bronchitis induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats and the inhibitio effect on hypersecretion of airway mucins.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Bronchitis, Chronic ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Eucalyptus ; chemistry ; Male ; Mucins ; secretion ; Oils, Volatile ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study antioxidant role and mechanism of Rg1 in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI).Methods One hundred and twenty healthy male rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, sham operation group, model group, different concentration (30,60,90 mg/kg) of Rg1 treatment group.MCAO SD rats model was established by suture－occluded method;the Rg1 treatment groups were given Rg1 i.p. in advance, after 24 hours of reperfusion, neurobehavioral scores of all groups were examined by Longa’s standard;The expression of Nrf2 and HO－1 were analyzed by western blot;The content of SOD and MDA was detected by kit.Results The score of model group rats are significantly higher than control group,compared with the model group, the score of different concentration of Rg1 treatment group was decreased (P＜0.05) . The Nrf2 and HO－1 expression in model group was mildly higher than the control or sham group (P＜0.05) . Both of them in every Rg1 treatment group was higher than model group. Compared with control or sham group, SOD content was observably depressed but MDA content was dramatically increased in model group,interestingly,SOD content was enhanced, MDA content was attenuated in different concentration of Rg1 treatment group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Rg1 increases Nrf2 and HO－1 protein expression and SOD content, reduces MDA content,improves neurofunctional performance of rats after MCAO,and alleviates cerebral cerebral IRI.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the survival level and variation of esophageal cancer in Linzhou city of Henan province from 1988 to 2004, and evaluate the effects of diagnosis and treatments on esophageal cancer in this area.

METHODSAll incidence and death records for esophageal cancer during 1988 to 2004 were collected from Linzhou Tumor Registry. Cases with duplicate information or death certificate only were excluded. A total of 12,160 cases of esophageal cancer were collected, of which, 6914 cases were male, and 5246 cases were female. The sex-specific and age-specific probabilities of survival in 1992, 1997 and 2002 were calculated and linked to the data of incidence and death on esophageal cancer in this area. Five-year observed survival rate and five-year relative survival rate during 1990 to 1994, 1995 to 1999, 2000 to 2004 were calculated respectively using period survival analysis and cohort survival analysis and Z test.

RESULTSThe 5-year relative survival rates among the three-episode were 28.24%, 35.24% and 40.76% respectively during 1988 to 2004. This showed an increasing trend by periods (Z values were 3.94 and 3.07, P < 0.05). The 5-year observed survival rates in men among the three-episode were 13.67%, 18.08% and 22.46% respectively, the 5-year relative survival rates were 29.94%, 36.96% and 38.40%. The 5-year observed survival rates in women among the three-episode were 15.56%, 19.29% and 28.01% respectively, the 5-year relative survival rates were 26.78%, 33.12% and 43.70%. During the two former periods, there was no significant difference in the 5-year observed survival rate and relative survival rate between men and women (Z values of observed survival rate were 1.48 and 0.88, P > 0.05. Z values of relative survival rate were 1.27 and 1.50, P > 0.05). In the third period, the 5-year observed survival rate and relative survival rate in women was higher than that in men (observed survival rate Z = 3.56, P < 0.05; relative survival rate Z = 2.09, P < 0.05). The relative survival rate that calculated using period method (respectively 35.24% and 40.76%) was higher than that using cohort method (respectively 28.77% and 33.35%) from 1995 to 1999, and from 2000 to 2004.

CONCLUSIONThe survival rate on esophageal cancer in Linzhou city was increasing in the three different periods. This indicated a rising status in the secondary prevention and clinical diagnosis and treatments on esophageal cancer.

China ; epidemiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Life Tables ; Male ; Survival Analysis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical application value of flexible multi-analyte profiling (xMAP) technology in detecting high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV).

METHODSTotally 1 061 women, aged 21-65 years, were randomly enrolled into the study. Cervical exfoliated cells were used in xMAP technology and hybrid capture II (hc2). Pathological diagnosis was used as golden standard. Consistency of these two methods was assessed.

RESULTSThe sensitivity and specificity of xMAP technology were 80.31% and 85.83%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 44.5% and 96.9%, respectively. The Kappa value for consistency between xMAP technology and hc2 was 0.58.

CONCLUSIONSThe specificity of xMAP technology is similar to hc2 test, but the sensitivity is inferior to hc2. However, these two methods show good consistency in the detection of HR-HPV.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervix Uteri ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomaviridae ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; virology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Diseases ; diagnosis ; virology ; Virology ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor de-escalation and nicorandil therapy in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 300 elderly patients with ACS were selected from the Sixth and Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital and Beijing Chaoyang Integrative Medicine Emergency Rescue and First Aid Hospital from November 2016 to June 2019,including 153 males and 147 females,aged>65 years old.All the patients received PCI,and all had double antiplatelet therapy(DAPT)scores≥2 and a new DAPT(PRECISE-DAPT)score of≥25.All patients were divided into two groups by random number table method before operation:ticagrelor group(n=146,ticagrelor 180 mg load dose followed by PCI,and ticagrelor 90 mg bid after surgery)and ticagrelor de-escalation + nicorandil group(n=154,ticagrelor 180 mg load dose followed by PCI,ticagrelor 90 mg bid+nicorandil 5 mg tid after surgery,changed to ticagrelor 60 mg bid+ nicorandil 5 mg tid 6 months later).Follow-up was 12 months.The composite end points of cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction and stroke,the composite end points of mild hemorrhage,minor hemorrhage,other major hemorrhage and major fatal/life-threatening hemorrhage as defined by the PLATO study,and the composite end points of cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction,stroke and bleeding within 12 months in the two groups were observed.Results The comparison of general baseline data between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).There was also no significant difference in the composite end points of cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction and stroke between the two groups(P>0.05).The cumulative incidence of bleeding events in ticagrelor de-escalation + nicorandil group was significantly lower than that in ticagrelor group(P<0.05),while the composite end points of cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction,stroke and bleeding were also significantly lower than those in tecagrelor group(P<0.05).Conclusion In elderly patients with ACS,the treatment of ticagrelor de-escalation + nicorandil after PCI may not increase the incidence of ischemic events such as cardiovascular death,myocardial infarction or stroke,and it may reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic events.

There is increasing evidence that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays critical roles in cancer progression. However, the role of long non-coding RNA 00665 (LINC00665) in most cancers is poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to reveal the functional role of LINC00665 in cervical cancer cells. HeLa cells were subjected to LINC00665 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or control shRNA treatment to investigate the metastasis and proliferation phenotype of cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome sequencing experiments of HeLa cells in LINC00665 silencing or control group were conducted, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. The DEGs were subjected to Metascape database functional analysis and gene set enrichment analysis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers and a key element of WNT/β‑catenin pathway, CTNNB1 (catenin beta 1), were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence assay. The results showed that silencing LINC00665 reduced cell viability of Hela cells, up-regulated protein expression level of E-cadherin, down-regulated protein expression levels of N-cadherin, Vimentin and CTNNB1, and inhibited cell migration and invasion of HeLa cells. Bioinformatics analysis results showed that LINC00665 might promote EMT by activating WNT-CTNNB1/β‑catenin signaling pathway. These results indicate that LINC00665 has functions in transcriptional EMT regulation via WNT-CTNNB1/β‑catenin signaling pathway and therefore can be developed as a therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; beta Catenin/metabolism*