Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Needles

Objective:To investigate the clinical application of enternal nutrition support via jejunostomy catheter after esopha-geal carcinoma excision. Methods:The patients of the parenteral nutrition group (PNn group) received completely parenteral nutrition support. The patients of the external nutrition group (EN group) received total intravenous nutrition support on the first day after the sur-gery. And the nutritional targets and immunological function were timely examined at different points. Results:The time of postopera-tive exhaust, defecation and hospital stay were all shorter in EN group than in the PN group (P<0.05). The index of nutritional and im-mune function was better in en group than in pn group. Conclusion:The enteral nutrition can improve the nutritional status, and can maintain and promote the postoperative gastrointestinal function of the esophageal cancer patients.

AlM:To investigate the features on prolonged central serous chorioretinopathy ( CSCR ) by optical coherent tomography ( OCT ) and to provide the basis of deciding the pathogenetic condition and prognosis. METHODS: Eighty - five patients who had been diagnosed with CSCR were grouped by suffering time as below: 32 patients suffered longer than 6mo as the prolonged and 53 patients with CSCR cured within that time. The imaging features of OCT were compared between the above groups.RESULTS:The incidence rate of neuroepithelial serous detachment extent above 500μm associated with pigmentary epithelial detachment in suffering eye and pigmentary epithelial damage in contralateral eye was significantly different between two groups. However, the incidence rate of neuroepithelial serous detachment extent above 4 000μm was not significant difference.CONCLUSlON:OCT could display clearly the change of every layer of retina with simplicity and visibility, which supplies us a new horizon to diagnose and trace CSCR. We could decide the pathogenetic condition and prognosis in accordance with the features of OCT, to provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of CSCR.

Objective To examine expression of PTEN gene in ovarian cancer cisplatin-sensitive cell line OV2008 cells and cisplatin-resistant cell line C13K cells,and evaluate the effect of wild-type PTEN gene on reversing cisplatin-resistance of C13K cells and underlying mechanisms.Methods The expression of PTEN mRNA and protein in OV2008 and C13K cells were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot.Recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid containing human wild-type PTEN gene was transfected into C13K cells by lipofectamine 2000.The expression of PTEN mRNA was monitored by RT- PCR and the expression of PTEN,protein kinase B(AKT),phospho-AKT(p-AKT)protein were analyzed by western blot in PTEN transfected and untransfected C13K cells.Proliferation and chemosensitivity of cells to cisplatin were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT),and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after treatment with cisplatin.Results(1)The expression of PTEN mRNA and protein(1.02 ?0.05,1.02?0.07)in OV2008 cells were significantly higher than those in C13K cells,which were 0.45 ?0.03 and 0.55?0.03 respectively(P

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and genetic homogeny of Salmonella from community acquired infections in Shenzhen,China.Methods Ninety-three of Salmonella were isolated from 2002 to 2007 at Shenzhen People's Hospital,China.PCR and DNA sequencing were used to investigate the mutation in QRDR of the gyrA,gyrB,parC and parE.Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes including qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr,β-lactamase genes including blaTEM,blaSHV,blaOXA, blaCTX-M, and class 1 integron were detected. All isolates were typed by PFGE. Results S. enterica typhi and S. enterica paratyphi A were susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin, with the susceptible rate of 96%-100%. Fifty-two percent (13/25) of S. enterica typhi and 95% (61/64) of S. enterica paratyphi A were resistant to nalidixic acid. Twenty-four percent (6/25) of nalidixic acid-resistant S. enterica typhi and 94% (60/64) of nalidixic acid-resistant S. enterica paratyphi A showed decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC of 0. 125-1 μg/ml).All nalidixic acid-resistant (susceptible to ciprofloxacin ) Salmonella (NARS) isolates had a single substitution in the QRDR of GyrA, and 91% (68/75) of these isolates carried the substitution Ser83Phe in GyrA. Two mutations in the QRDR of GyrA were detected in both of two ciprnfloxacin-resistant Salmonella,with the additional one mutation in the QRDR of parC. Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes including qnr and aac(6')-lb-cr were not detected in any isolate. The blaCTX-M-14 gene was detected in a ceftriaxoneresistant isolate of S. enterica paratyphi A, with ISEcpl located on the upstream of it. Three muhidrugresistant strains of Salmonella all carried one 1 900 bp classⅠ integron gene cassette dhfrⅫ-orfF-aadA2,with the additional one β-lactamase gene of blaTEM-1, or blaOXA-30. Twenty-two distinct PFGE patterns were observed among twenty-five S. enterica typhi. The PFGE patterns of sixty-four S. enterica paratyphi A showed limited genetic diversity (average similarity of 91% ). Ninety investigated inpatients were infected in the community. Six patients infected by S. enterica paratyphi A had a travel history before infection. Conclusions Nalidixic acid-resistant S. enterica typhi and S. enterica paratyphi A are highly prevalent in Shenzhen,China. The mutation in the QRDR of GyrA is the prevalent mechanism responsible for the resistance to nalidixic acid in Slmonella. The great genetic similarity among S. enterica paratyphi A isolates indicates endemic disease from the presence of a single clone over 6-year period.

Tramadol and its metabolites in rat urine were identified by LC-MS(n). Rat urine samples of 0-36 h were collected after ip 9.0 mg x kg(-1) tramadol, then the samples were enriched and purified through solid-phase extraction cartridge. Purified samples were analyzed by LC-MS(n). Possible metabolites were discovered by comparing the full scan and SIM chromatograms of the test samples with the corresponding blanks and analyzing the retention time, quasi-molecular ion and fragment ion of all chromatograms. Nine phase I metabolites and four phase II metabolites were identified in rat urine. One of the metabolites was found first time in living body. The metabolites were formed via the following metabolic pathways: O-demethylation, N-demethylation, hydroxylation, N-oxidation and conjugation. The method can be used to identify tramadol and its metabolites in other animals and human.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of estrogen combined with progestogen replacement therapy on patients with secondary premature ovary failure (POF) induced by Triptergium wifordii (TW). Methods Twenty-one patients who suffered from secondary suspend menses by TW were treated by estrogen combined with progestogen replacement therapy periodically. The serum levels of E2, LH and FSH were examined and changes of menses and clinical manifestations were observed respectively before and 3 months after the ending of treatment.Results All of the patients were confirmed as POF according to the levels of blood sexual hormone and clinical manifestations. The E2 secreted by ovary was higher [ (392.90?77.53 )pmol/L vs. (83.47?8.46)pmol/L, P

Objective To investigate the mechanism of the radiosensitivity effect of Cox-2 gene in esophageal cancer.Methods Cox-2 specific siRNA was constructed and transfected to EC9706 cells to downregulate intracellular Cox-2 expression.The expressions of MMP-2,Bcl-2 mRNA,AKT and phosphorylated AKT proteins were assayed after radiation.Colony formation,cell proliferation,apoptosis and cell invasion in vitro were examined as well.One-way ANOVA method was used to analyze the data.Results Affter 2 and 4 Gy irradiation,a significant increase in the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 was observed in the Cox-2 up-regulation group (F =3.36,4.32,P ＜ 0.05).In the group of Cox-2 downregulation,the expression of MMP-2 mRNA was significantly reduced(F =3.86,8.09,P ＜ 0.05).Affter irradiation,a significant decreaseof Bcl-2 mRNA (F =3.73,5.64,P ＜ 0.05) as well as an increase of Bax(F =7.03,7.42,P ＜ 0.05) was detected,and the levels of total and phosphorylated AKT proteins had the highest level in the Cox-2 upregulation group and had the lowest level in the Cox-2 downregulation group.In the Cox-2 downregulation group,the apoptosis induction obviously increased with dose (F =317.40,P ＜ 0.05),and the proportion of cells in Go-G1 phase gradually increased but the proportion of cells in S and G2-M phases decreased,concomitant with the obvious suppression of cell proliferation,in addition,cell invasion was decreased.Conclusions Downregulation of intracellular Cox-2 mRNA expression,concomitant with subsequent downregulation of MMP-2 and Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax,resulted in reduction of the invasion and metastatic capabilities of tumor cells,and induction of Go-G1 phase arrest and apoptosis.Downregulation of AKT and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) protein expression might also interfere with the capability of the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway to resist radiotherapy.

Objective To assess the tolerance of elderly patients with esophageal carcinoma to chemoradiotherapy through.Methods A retrospective analysis of 596 elderly patients with esophageal carcinoma receiving chemoradiotherapy was conducted.Patients were divided into radiachemotherapy group and radiotherapy group,and according to age,patients were divided into four age groups (aged 70-74,75-79,80 80 and 85years and over).The tolerance to treatment was assessed by Charlson index.Results 185 patients completed chemoradiotherapy,113 patients reduced the dose of chemotherapy (reduction group),81 patients unfinished chemoradiotherapy (unfinished CRT group),160 patients completed radical radiotherapy alone (unfinished RT group),and 57 patients incompleted radiotherapy.Further analysis found that the tolerance to treatment in reduction group had significant differences between patients aged ≥ 75 years and ＜ 75 years (x2 =6.815,P=0.009),and between WIC ≥ 1 and ＜ 1(x2 =10.636,P=0.001); the tolerance to treatment in unfinished CRT group had significantly differences between aged ≥ 80 years and ＜80 years (x2 =63.842,P=0.000),and between WIC =0,1 and ≥ 2 (x2 =21.153,P=0.000).Conclusions Further age re-grouping and WIC assessment is necessary before treating esophageal cancer patients.Reduction of therapy dosage is more beneficial for patients aged ≥ 75 years and WIC≥1,and greater caution is required in chemotherapy for patients aged ≥ 80 years and WIC＞1.

Objective To investigate the effect of the extent of postoperative prophylactic radiotherapy after radical surgery on the long-term survival in patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 201 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who received postoperative prophylactic radiotherapy after radical surgery from 2000 to 2007.The effect of the extent of radiotherapy on survival was evaluated,and the possible prognostic factors were subjected to multivariate Cox regression analysis.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate overall survival (OS) rates,and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis.Results The 5-year follow-up rate was 97.0％.The OS rates for patients who received radiotherapy to the whole mediastinum,whole mediastinum + lymph nodes along the left gastric artery,whole mediastinum + bilateral supraclavicular regions,upper and middle mediastinum + bilateral supraclavicular regions,and whole mediastinum + bilateral supraclavicular regions + lymph nodes along the left gastric artery were 21.7％,37.1％,38.7％,34.8％,and 19.8％,respectively (P =0.406).Multivariate analysis showed that postoperative N stage was the independent prognostic factor (P =0.009).After prophylactic irradiation,metastases to the supraclavicular lymph nodes,lymph nodes in the upper and middle mediastinum,and abdominal lymph nodes were observed in 11,34,and 10 patients,respectively.Conclusions The extent of postoperative prophylactic radiotherapy after radical surgery for thoracic esophageal carcinoma only includes upper and middle mediastinum and bilateral supraclavicular regions.