Objective To apply chaos characteristics to prediction of the unilateral mastication.Methods The paper calculated the Largest Lyapunov Exponent of the masseter muscle of some males and females with a method from small data sets,which then was processed by reusable two-factor analysis of variance.Results The results shows that the signal of the masseter muscle has chaos characteristics,the male's Largest Lyapunov Exponent is higher that the female's,and the chaos degree of the masseter muscle on both sides is consistent nearly.Conclusion The Largest Lyapunov Exponent can be used to characterize the signal of the masseter muscle.Comparative Analysis of the Largest Lyapunov Exponent on both sides can be used as reference when to predict and diagnose the unilateral mastication.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effectiveness and safety of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) combined with infusion of propofol in anodynia bronchoscopy.

METHODSNinety patients who received selective bronchoscopy were randomized into a group of compound TEAS with infusion of propofol (group A), a group of compound fentanyl with propofol (group B) and a group of simple propofol (group C). In group A, the plaster electrode stimulation was applied at bilateral Hegu (LI 4), Laogong (PC 8), Neiguan (PC 6) and Waiguan (TE 5). The anesthesia was induced after 20 min of stimulation till the end of examination. In group B and group C, the electric stimulation was not adopted. In group B, before anesthesia, fentanyl 1 microg/kg was injected intravenously. Afterwards, the intravenous infusion of propofol was used in the the three groups for anesthesia. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), saturation of pulse oximetry (SpO2) and respiratory rate (RR) were recorded at different time points. The induced dosage and total dosage of propofol, examination time, the awakening time and adverse reactions were observed in the patients of each group.

RESULTSThe difference in examination time was not significant among the three groups (P > 0.05). The postoperative awakening time in group A was earlier than that in group B and group C [(220.3 +/- 110.5) s vs (285.6 +/- 109.4) s, (290.1 +/- 105.1) s, both P < 0.05]. The total dosage of propofol in group C was larger than those in group A and group B [(288.5 +/- 26.7) mg vs (225.1 +/- 30.2) mg, (230.4 +/- 29.3) mg, both P < 0.05]. The induced dosage in group C was larger than those in group A and group B [(193.7 +/- 42.3) mg vs (152.3 +/- 36.1) mg, (155.4 +/- 40.5) mg, both P < 0.05]. Every life physical sign in group A during examination was more stable as compared with that in group B and group C. The incidence of hypotension and bradycardia in group A were lower than those in group C [3.3% (1/30) vs 26.7% (8/30), 0% (0/30) vs 20.0% (6/30), both P < 0.05]. The adverse incidence of oxygen supply in group A was lower than that in group B [6.7% (2/30) vs 33.3% (10/30), P < 0.05]. Intraoperative awareness and improper memory did not happen in postoperative investigation.

CONCLUSIONIn the transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with infusion of propofol in anodynia bronchoscopy, the physical sign of patient is stable with less adverse reactions. This method reduces anesthetic dosage and shortens the postoperative awakening time, which can be effectively applied in bronchoscopy.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Analgesia ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; administration & dosage ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Management ; Propofol ; administration & dosage ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

Objective To determine the diagnostic accuracy of alarm features in predicting upper gastro intestinal malignancy in patients who received gastroscopy examination.Methods A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent gastroscopy from Oct 2014 to Oct 2015 was conducted.Biopsy or surgical pathological findings served as the golden standard.The main outcome measure was the diagnostic accuracy of alarm features.Results Among 921 gastrointestinal outpatients,39 patients (4.2％) with malignancy were detected,including 13 (33.3％) with esophageal cancer,24 (61.5％) with gastric cancer and 2(5.1％) with duodenal ampulla cancer.36 patients (92.3％) were found with advanced cancer.In 137patients who had alarm features,21 (15.3％) were found to have malignancy and all were advanced.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of alarm features were 53.8％(21/39),86.8％ (766/882),15.3％ (21/137) and 97.7％ (766/784),respectively.Conclusions Alarm features have a definite but limited value in predicting upper gastrointestinal malignancy.Noninvasive screening methods for Chinese patients are still needed to reduce unnecessary endoscopy workload.

Objective To summarize the application of ATP bioluminescence assay in surveillance of terminal disinfection of effects ,so as to provide the basis for intervention of disinfected effects .Methods ATP bioluminescence assay were employed to randomly test the surfaces of operating objects in therapeutic rooms and beside tables in wards ,total 144 object surfaces ,of each clinical departments in the whole hospital .The values of ATP bioluminescence assay were read on‐site ,0-250 RLU was recognized as qualification ,while disqualification when >250 RLU .The disqualified object surfaces were performed on‐site intervention that all of them were re‐disinfected ,the results were compared .Results Both the surfaces of operating objects and beside tables were dis‐qualified before disinfection ,and the values of ATP bioluminescence assay were 780 ± 10 .34 RL and 853 ± 13 .29 RLU respectively . The pass rates of ATP bioluminescence assay was 61 .97% of operating surfaces and 79 .45% of beside table surfaces the first dis‐infection .The disqualified sites were retested following on‐site intervention .The values of ATP bioluminescence assay were 431 .02 ± 0 .53 before intervention and 1 .43 ± 0 .59 after intervention ,and the difference was statistically significant .Conclusion ATP bi‐oluminescence assay can get more immediately ,simple and timesaving in evaluating the effect of disinfection and estimate the effi‐ciency of disinfection timely ,which can also provide the scientific basis on on‐site intervention so as to improve the execution power of hospital infection management .

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,safety and accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) in patients with mediastinal benign and malignant lesions.Methods A linear array scanning endosonography (Pentax-EG3630U) and a 22-guage (Wilson-CooK) needle were used to perform EUS-FNA in 22 patients with mediastinal lesions.Results EUS-FNA revealed 15 patients with carcinoma and 6 cases with benign tumors,which were confirmed by mediastinoscopy.One patient was not diagnosed because of inadequate specimen.None of the patients had complications caused by any procedures.Conclusion EUS-FNA is safe,reliable and accurate in diagnosis of mediastinal benign and malignant lesions.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of the three-category classification of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods Clinical data of 337 traditional SAP patients,who were admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH)from January 2001 to December 2012,were retrospectively studied.These patients were classified into moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) according to the latest 2013 Atlanta Classification.SAP patients were further categorized as critical acute pancreatitis (CAP) and non-CAP.Disease severity,therapy and prognosis among three groups were compared.Results Among the total 337 traditional SAP patients,253 were classified as MSAP and 84 as SAP.In the group of SAP,40 patients were categorized as CAP and 44 as non-CAP.Compared with non-CAP patients,CAP patients had significantly higher mortality rate which was 70％ (28/40).Other results were all significantly higher in CAP group rather than non-CAP group,including ICU admission rate 77.5％(31/40),length of ICU stay (15.5 ± 20.6) days,Ranson,APACHE Ⅱ,BISAP,MCTSI,modified Marshall scores 4.6 ± 1.4,16.8 ± 5.8,3.0 ± 1.0,8.6 ± 1.7,and 7.4 ± 2.9,respectively (P ＜ 0.01 in each endpoint).These parameters of SAP group were also significantly higher than those of MSAP group (P ＜0.01).Conclusions Using the new three-category classification to distinguish traditional severe acute pancreatitis,namely MSAP,SAP,and CAP,can better reflect the severity of disease,predict outcome and guide clinical management.

Objective To understand the change of transient bacteria on surface in clinical ward before and after terminal disin‐fection ,provide the basis for controlling of hospital infection .Methods Surface samples were collected before and after terminal dis‐infection in infected patch of our hospital ,and then bacterial in the samples were cultured and identified .Compared changes about number and type of samples bacterial ,distribution of common clinical pathogenic bacteria before and after of the terminal disinfec‐tion .Results The surface colony number < 10 CFU /cm2 accounted for 63 .54% after terminal disinfection ,compared with the dis‐infection before 56 .29% ,increased 7 .25 percentage points .Surface sampling microorganism detecting rate decreased by 6 .74% . Surface average bacteria colony had different degree decreased before and after disinfection ,except the bed frame and quilt cover . Water tap ,which was the largest amount of bacteria surface ,followed by the bedside table .Before and after disinfection ,the mainly common microorganism was environment bacteria in infected patch ,including coagulase negative staphylococcus ,gram positive ba‐cilli ,Micrococcus ,Acinetobacter spp .Clinical common pathogenic bacteria mainly isolated from the department of brain surgery (9 .49% ) ,department of hepatology(8 .76% ) ,department of dermatology (8 .76% ) ,department of pediatrics (8 .03% ) ,emergency department (7 .30% ) .Pathogenic bacteria living areas were mainly the bedside table (21 .17 % ) ,water tap (18 .25% ) ,bed rest (12 .41% ) .Conclusion Terminal disinfection could effectively reduce the number of bacteria in the infected patch ,improve the ward environmental sanitation quality ,it have an important significance in the prevention of hospital infection control .

Objective To assess dietary glycemic load (GL) in young adult males with acne vulgaris and to evaluate its association with severity of skin lesions,in hope to provide evidences for comprehensive treatment of acne vulgaris.Methods The Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) was used to evaluate the severity of acne,and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour dietary recall (24-HDR) to assess GL.Differences in GL and body mass index (BMI) were assessed by t test and analysis of variance,and Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the factors influencing BMI and GL.Results This study included 99 young adult males with acne vulgaris who were 19-24 years old.Logistic regression analysis revealed that GL was the risk factor of BMI,and higher GL was always associated with increased BMI (β3 =1.119,P ＜ 0.05,OR =3.062,95％ confidence intervals:1.044-8.986).No factors were found to have influences on GL.The patients with a disease duration of ＞ 6 months showed a higher GL (t =2.947,P ＜ 0.01),but similar BMI (t =0.798,P ＞0.05) compared with those with a disease duration of ≤6 months.Significant differences were observed in GL (F =76.296,P ＜ 0.01),but not in BMI (F =3.142,P ＞ 0.05),among the three groups of patients with different GAGS score.GL was higher in patients with GAGS score of ≥39 than those with GAGS score of 1-18 (P ＜0.01) and GAGS score of 19-30 (P ＜ 0.01),and higher in patients with GAGS score of 19-30 than in those with GAGS score of 1-18 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion GL is positively correlated with the severity of lesions and disease duration in young adult males with acne vulgaris.

[Objective] To investigate the effect of ATA, a herbal medicine compound, for the treatment of the chronic infection of simian immunodeficiency virus ( SIV) in monkeys. [ Methods ] Eight Rhesus monkeys were infected with SIVmac251 to establish monkey models with chronic infection of SIV. After 18 months, the monkeys were randomized into model group and ATA group, administered with saline and ATA 2 g?kg-1?d-1 for 56 days respectively. The changes of signs were observed, plasma levels of T-lymphocyte subsets CD4+ and CD8+ were detected by flow cytometry and the lymph node biopsy were observed under light microscope before and after treatment. [Results] After treatment, the body weight increased and the incidence of infective diarrhea decreased in ATA group, the difference being insignificant. ATA had no obvious effect on white blood cells counting and the replication number of plasma SIV, but increased the plasma levels of T-lymphocyte subsets CD4+ and CD8+(P

Objective To investigate the efficiency and safety as well as the effect of chronic intravenous iron supplementation on the improvement of anemia in the patients with maintain hemodialysis (MHD). Methods Fifty-six patients with MHD were involved in the six-month, controlled trail and randomly divided into two groups: intravenous iron group (IV group) and oral iron group (oral group). The patients of IV group (n=28) were intravenously pumped 100 mg iron dextran during each hemodialysis session for the total amount of 1000 mg,after that,100 mg iron dextrin each two weeks. Patients in the oral group took 525 mg ferrous sulfate a day during the first three months and received iron dextran on the above methods under stopping oral iron supplement during the second three months. The efficacy was assessed by determining the change of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), serum ferritin (SF) and transferring saturation (TSAT). Results The levels of Hb, Hct, SF, TSAT were increasing in the IV group after trail and there were evidently difference in those markers in the first three months, compared to the oral group, P