Objective To investigate the clinical effect of air compressor pump atomizing inhalation with pulmicort respules on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).Methods72 IPF patients were randomly divided into there groups with 24 cases in each group. The group A was treated with pulmicort respules suspension by air compressor pump atomizing inhalation, 1 mg each time, twice each day; the group B with pulmicort aerosol, 4 puffs each time, twice each day and the group C with prednisone, 1 mg/kg each day, reduce half of the dosage 4 week later. The clinical manifestation, pulmonary function testing, high-resolution CT of the chest, arterial blood gas analysis and side effects were observed before and 3 months after treatment.ResultsAfter treatment, the improvement rate of symptoms was 70.8% in group A, 25% in group B and 50% in group C, with a significant difference between group A and group B ( P<0.0125), but no difference between group A and group C ( P>0.0125). The improvement rate showed by lung CT was 66.7% in group A, 29.2% in group B and 45.8% in group C, with a significant difference between group A and group B ( P<0.0125), but no difference between group A and group C ( P>0.0125). PaO2 improved but no significant difference compared with that before treatment ( P>0.05). The incidence rate of side effect was 8.3% in group A, 8.3% in group B and 58.3% in group C with a significant difference between group A and group C ( P<0.0125).ConclusionAir compressor pump atomizing inhalation with pulmicort respules is effective in the treatment of IPF and has few side effects.

BACKGROUND: Cervical spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) is a special type of spinal cord injury. Because of the particularity of children in the period of growth and development on the aspects of anatomy and biomechanics, their injured mechanism and therapeutic method differ from those of adults.OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical feature and therapy of first-episode cervical SCIWORA in children.DESIGN: Retrospective analysis and self pre-and post-control observation.SETTING: Department of Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital,Harbin Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 14 patients with cervical SCIWORA, who were treated at the Departmentof Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital,Harbin Medical University between June 1997 and June 2003. Inclusive criteria: ①patients who had dysfunction of sensation, exercise and sphincter to different degree in clinic, ②patients who had no fracture dislocation after cervical vertebra X-ray plain film and MRI examination. The MRI examination showed the sign of spinal cord injury. T1WI spinal cord became thick. T2WI distributed at strip-shape high-signal region along spinal prosenchyma and spread upward and downward. There were 3 patients with complete spinal cord injury and 11 patients with incomplete spinal cord injury, among the patients with incomplete injury, there were 6 patients with central cord syndrome (CCS), 3 with Brown-Sequard syndrome and 2withfrontal spinal cord injury syndrome.METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed in 14 children patients with cervical SCIWORA. Thirteen patients were not treated with operation and one patient was treated with cervical posterior atlantoaxial fusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ASIA grading before and after treatment in patients.RESULTS: There were 1 dead patient and 13 cases with 3-year follow up averagely. Three patients were with insignificant amelioration, and others had recovery of limb function to different degree. According to ASIA grading standard, before treatment there were 3 cases in A grade, 5 cases in B grade, 5 cases in C grade and 1 case in D grade, and after treatment there were 1 case recovering to B grade, 2 cases to C grade, 5 cases to D grade and 2 cases to E grade.CONCLUSION: Restoration of neurofunction of children with cervical SCIWORA has closely correlation with degree of primary injury of spinal cord. Most of the patients were not treated with operation, and those with obviously instable cervical vertebra can be treated with operation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and the characteristics of heart failure (HF) in medical intensive care unit (ICU) so as to explore the factors contributing to HF.Methods A retrospective analysis of the data of HF was carried out in 887 HF patients (54. 2％ ) males; age (69.83± 13.57) years oldadmitted to the medical ICU from October 2006 through June 2010. Clinical variables were systematically reviewed for all enrolled patients. HF as either major or additional diagnosis was recorded and the potential risk factors for HF were explored. Left ventricular systolic function was evaluated in HF patients by using ejection fraction (EF) measured by echocardiography. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent factors contributing to HF in medical ICU patients. Results Of the 887 patients, 74. 1％ aged 65 years or over, and 53％ had organ dysfunction. The prevalence of HF in medical ICU patients was 22. 8％. Echocardiography measurement revealed that left ventricular systolic function was preserved in 62. 5％ of HF patients with an EF ＞ 50％. Underlying heart diseases were identified in 72. 8％ of the HF patients, and coronary artery disease accounted for the vast majority (52. 5％ ), followed by valvular heart disease ( 17. 8％ ). Structural heart diseases were not identified in 27. 2％ of the HF patients. 4) After the adjustment of age and gender, multivariate regression analysis showed that coronary artery disease ( OR =7. 364, 95％ CI: 4. 979 ～ 10. 890, P ＜0. 01 ), valvular heart disease ( OR =18. 023, 95％ CI: 9. 280 ～ 35. 002, P ＜ 0. 01 ), diabetes mellitus ( OR =2. 154, 95％ CI: 1. 227 ～ 3. 784, P =0. 0076), respiratory failure ( ( OR =1. 527, 95％ CI: 1. 045 ～ 2. 229, P =0. 0285 ), and renal dysfunction ( OR =2. 638, 95％ CI: 1. 621 ～ 4. 294, P =0. 0001 ) were associated with risk increased for HF in medical ICU. ConclusionsHF is highly prevalent in medical ICU and its etiology is multi-factorial. The high rate of HF with preserved EF highlights the importance of enhanced alertness for HF with preserved systolic function in ICU.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of three nail and plate systems in treating femoral intertrochanteric fracture.Methods The clinical data of 75 patients with femoral interochanteric fiactures treated by internal fixation were analyzed.According to different treatment methods,75 patients were divided into three groups:DHS group(treated with dynamic hip screw) 26 cases,PFN group(treated with proximal femoral nail) 15 cases,LCP group (treated with anatomical proximal femoral locking plate) 34 cases.Fracture union time,complications and hip function scores according to Harris's scoring were recorded.Results All patients were followed up for 18 to 36 months.Four patients appeared coax vara in DHS group and one case appeared coax vara in PFN group,three case appeared coax vara in anatomical proximal femoral locking plate (LCP.) There was no significant difference in fracture union time and the excellent and good rate of hip function scores among the three groups (F =2.25,χ2 =0.032,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The effects of three nail and plate systems in treating femoral intertrochanteric fracture is similar,but they have their own characteristics and indications.And the reasonable treatment should be selected according to different fracture types.

Objective To investigate the function of acid pocket in reflux esophagitis. Methods The 15 healthy controls and 24 reflux esophagitis patients were identified by reflux disease questionnaire (RDQ) and gastric endoscopy. The location of subjects' lower esophageal sphincter (LES) was determined by 4 channel esophageal manometry system. Then a single-channel pH electrode was positioned 1 cm below the distal border of the LES to monitor fasting pH for half an hour. After a standard meal, the pH was continuously measured for two hours. Then the electrode was moved to 5 cm above the proximal border of the LES to monitor the dynamic pH for 24 h.Results Acid pocket was found in 16 cases of reflux esophagitis patients(66.67%) and 10 cases of healthy individuals (10/15). Acid pocket occurred earlier in reflux esophagitis group than healthy controls [11.00(4.25-17.00) min vs 30.00(15.50-54.25) min, P＜0.05], and the average pH value was lower [1.84(1.59-2. 19) vs 2.32 (1.96-2.71), P＜0.05]. There was no statistic difference in mean pH value of gastroesophageal junction and the duration of acid pocket before the meal.Conclusion There is abnormal acid reflux in reflux esophagitis patients, and acid pocket with earlier occurrence and lower pH value may relevant to esophageal mucosal impairment.

BACKGROUND:Buccal Multiloop Removable Appliance can interceptively correct mutiple adolescent malocclusions. But the clinical problem of Buccal Multiloop fatigue fracture is not solved yet. How to prolong the fatigue fracture cycle is stil in the research stage. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different temperature of heat treatment on the Buccal Multiloop fatigue fracture cycle, thereby to select a relatively optimal method to enhance the fatigue fracture cycle. METHODS: Thirty-five left HL-2 Buccal Mltiloops were divided into seven groups according to different ways of heat treatment. Each group consisted of five samples. They were an untreated group, three pre-bending groups (320, 420, 520℃ heat treatment before bending) and three post-bending groups (320, 420, 520℃ heat treatment after bending). The dental stainless steel wires and Buccal Multiloop were respectively treated by low-temperature annealing. The data were recorded and evaluated after the samples tested by the 3D Simulating Movement of TMJ Testing Machine. The features of fatigue fracture were observed by scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean values of the Buccal Multiloop fatigue fracture cycle from largest to smalest were as folows: 520℃ pre-bending group > 420℃ pre-bending group > 320℃ pre-bending group > untreated group > 520℃ post-bending group > 320℃ post-bending group > 420℃ post-bending group. The fatigue fracture cycle of Buccal Multiloop made of the dental stainless steel wires after 520℃ annealing treatment was longer than others. By the observation of scanning electron microscope, the fracture crack extension area had the tendency to expand, transient interruption was delayed and the tissue structure became more uniform.

Objective To study the effects of natural walking on human plantar pressure and surface electromyogrphy (sEMG) of lower limbs.Methods 28 healthy male volunteers were enrolled,and their plantar pressure and surface electromyogrphy related parameters were measured before and after 30 min natural walking.These parameters not only include plantar peak pressure and peak impulse,but also include time domain parameter (integral electromyogrphy,iEMG) and frequency domain parameter (mean power frequency,MPF) of tibial anterior muscle,gastrocnemius,femoral rectus,and biceps femoris muscle.The correlations between peak pressure and height as well as weight were analyzed.Results The feature parameters showed significant difference between left and right foot before and after 30 min natural walking (all P＜0.05).The differences of peak pressure and peak impulse values between left and right limb were found in different plantar areas.In the metatarsal areas M3,M4 and M5,the pressure parameters of left side were larger than those of right side (all P＜0.05).The values of iEMG and sEMG of left limb were larger than those of right side in tibialis anterior,gastrocnemius,rectus femoris and biceps femoris (all P＜ 0.05).The MPF values of sEMG of left limb were larger than those of right side in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius (all P＜0.05).After 30 min natural walking,the peak pressures in right toe2-5 areas were decreased (all P＜0.05),the differences of iEMG of sEMG in all muscles were not significantly,and the MPF value of sEMG in left rectus femoris was decreased.Weak correlations were observed between peak pressure and height as well as weight.Conclusions The differences of left and right lower limbs were found in plantar pressure and sEMG values during natural walking.The results showed that 30 min natural walking did not cause significant stress-related fatigue in plantar areas.Therefore,the stability of gait can be maintained for a 30 min natural walking.However,that may lead to fatigue of the femoris rectus in the left limb.

Measurements of the magnetic properties and total contents of Cu, Cd, Pb and Fe in 30 automobile emission particulate samples indicated the presence of magnetic particles in them. The values of frequency dependent susceptibility (chi(fd)) showed the absence of superparamagnetic (SP) grains in the samples. The IRM(20 mT) (isothermal remanent magnetization at 20 mT) being linearly proportional to SIRM (saturation isothermal remanent magnetization) (R(2)=0.901), suggested that ferrimagnetic minerals were responsible for the magnetic properties of automobile emission particulates. The average contents of Cu, Cd, Pb and Fe in automobile emission particulates were 95.83, 22.14, 30.58 and 34727.31 mg/kg, respectively. Significant positive correlations exist between the magnetic parameters and the contents of Pb, Cu and Fe. The magnetic parameters of automobile emission particulates reflecting concentration of magnetic particles increased linearly with increase of Pb and Cu content, showed that the magnetic measurement could be used as a preliminary index for detection of Pb and Cu pollution.
Algorithms ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Feasibility Studies ; Magnetics ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; chemistry ; Statistics as Topic ; Vehicle Emissions ; analysis

Objective To compare the torque resistance effect with different types of reconstruction of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) dislocation,in order to explore biomechanical basis for clinical practice.Methods Six adult cadaver forearm were used,including 4 males and 2 females.The average death age was 64.9 years (range,36-78 years).Three were right side,3 were left side.The DRUJ dislocation model was made after the standardized resection of the palmar and dorsal DRUJ ligament.Clinic reconstruction methods of the DRUJ include trans-bone tunnel renconstruction (intra-articular reconstruction) and Looptie up reconstruction (extra-articular reconstruction).The mechanical properties as follows:torque velocity:5°/min,maximum torque angulation:90°,maximum torsion force:1 N· mm.Each limb was detected for the torque mechanic under four conditions:normal,DRUJ dislocation,intra-articular reconstruction and extra-articular reconstruction.Results Each limb was inspected for intact mechanic baseline and without the visual damage to the bone.The average pronation torque resistance on normal condition was (0.44±0.10) N·mm,(0.37±0.09) N·mm on DRUJ dislocation group,(0.45±0.09) N-mm on intra-articular reconstruction group,and (0.42±0.09) N·nun on extra-articular reconstruction group.Pronation torque resistance of DRUJ dislocation group was apparently lower than the normal group (t=2.043,P=-0.047).The pronation torque resistance reconstruction group had no significant difference with normal group.The average supination torque resistance on normal condition was (0.56±0.16) N·mm,while on DRUJ dislocation group was (0.42±0.11) N-mm,on intra-articular reconstruction group was (0.54±0.16) N·mm,on extra-articular reconstruction group was (0.51±0.13) N·mm.There were no apparent differences among four groups.Conclusion Both internal and external reconstruction could recover the rotation stability and normalize the torque resistance,without statistical difference.

In present paper, research achievements of post-harvest handling concerning decorticating, boiling, sul-fur-fumigation, drying and sterilizing as well as quality control of Radix Paeoniae Alba were reviewed. Major prob-lems in the post-harvest handling and quality evaluation of Radix Paeoniae Alba were discussed. Strategies for im-provement in post-harvest handling and quality control were proposed, so that the safety and quality consistency can be assured in the medicinal application of Radix Paeoniae Alba.