Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of Rhodobryum giganteum (Schwaegr.) Par. 's anti-atherosclerotic effect. Methods:Vascular endothelial ceils were cultivated and the H2O2 were used to induce the oxidative stress injury of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC). Water extract of Rhodobryum giganteum (Schwaegr.) Par. Was added to cultivated HUVEC, and the activity of the cells was carefully determined by OD value with MTF method. The Griess Reagent was used to detect the NO concentration of different groups. At the same time, the NO fluorescence analysis probe, DAF-FM DA. (3-amino, 4-aminomethyl-2', 7'-difluorescein, diacetate), was used to determine the activity of NO synthase. Results:The most suitable stimulating concentration of H2O2 on HUVEC is 12.5 mmol· L-1. Water extract of Rhodobryum giganteum (Schwaegr.) Par. Was co-cultured with HUVEC damaged byH2O2 .The OD values indicate that 3.33,2.50 mg· mL-1 water extract groups increase activity of the cells significantly compared with the model group (P <0.05) ,and 3.33 mg·mL-1 is much better than 2.50 mg·mL-1 dose group. To determine the content of NO and NOS, the 2.50 mg·mL-1 dose has significant effect (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The H2O2 concentration of 12.5 mmol· L-1 could be used to establish the injured model of endothelial cell successfully. 2.50 and 3.33 mg·mL-1 water extract of Rhodobryum giganteum (Schwaegr.) Par. Have protective effect on ECV304 injured by H2O2. 2.50 mg· mL-1 water extract of Rhodobryurn giganteum (Schw aegr.) Par could increase the activity of NOS and promote the synthesis and secretion of NO.

Objective To establish an HPLC fingerprint of Herba Rhodobryi Rosei.Methods The fingerprint chromatography has been determined by RP-HPLC.The analysis was carried out with Dikma ODS C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m).The mobile phase were:0.5% HAcCN(A),0.5% HAcH2O(B);Elution method:0-50 min,A was 20%-55%;50-60 min,A was 55%-95%;60-85 min,A was 95%-100%;keeping 5 min.Flow-rate was 1.0 mL/min.Wavelength was 360 nm and temperature was 30 ℃.It was analysized with the Estimating System of Similarity of 2004A Version(the Country's Pharmacopeia Committee)on the Chinese Medicine Fingerprint Chromatography.Results The fingerprint chromatography of Herba Rhodobryi Rosei was estabilished.Conclusion The method can be used in quality control of Herba Rhodobryi Rosei with accuracy and better repeatability.

Objective To investigate clinical feature,diagnosis and prognosis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis(EG),and to analyze the causes of misdiagnosis.Methods Eleven children diagnosed as EG were studied.Their history,clinical manifestations,laboratory tests and endoscopies and treatment,follow-up data were analyzed.The data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 software.Results 1.The children with EG usually had abdominal pain(5 cases),diarrhea(7 cases),hemafecia(5 cases) and sometimes with fever(2 cases).2.EG and allergy in children was closely related with disease(54.55%).3.Peripheral blood eosinophil(EOS) count increased significantly,and declined when symptoms eased(18.18%).4.Endoscopic manifestations were not specific,the mucosa could see sheet erosion,shallow ulcers,congestive spots or bleeding spots,mainly in antrum,duodenum,terminal ileum,ileocecal junction.The biopsy showed that a large number of EOS infiltration.5.Imaging were not specific,CT or gastrointestinal barium meal examination did not show special often(90.91%).When muscular wall was affected(9.09%),imaging presentations of EG could be partly obstructive.6.Glucocorticoid therapy could relieve symptoms and EOS.Symptoms probably recured by good prognosis.7.EG was a self-limiting allergic diseases,although the attack may be repeated.After long-term follow-up,most had good prognosis and without malignant.Conclusions Clinical and endoscopic presentations of EG are not specific,therefore the presence of EOS in gastrointestinal mucosa strongly indicate the diagnosis.It was easy to misdiagnosis.Biopsy pathology and cli-nical characteristics are the key to diagnosis.

Objective To study the effect of red cell and plasma protein parameters on progression, prognosis and recurrence of cerebral infarction. Methods Clinical data from 105 patients with cerebral infarction were analyzed. The pa?tients were divided into four paired groups:progressive stroke group and complete stroke group, short-term favorable progno?sis group and short-term unfavorable prognosis group, long-term favorable prognosis group and long-term unfavorable prog?nosis group, relapsed cerebral infarction group and not relapsed group by different criterion. The red cell and plasma protein parameters were compared between groups. Results There were significantly higher mean corpuscular volume(fL:85.92± 4.50 vs 83.79±4.64,t=2.164,P<0.05), red cell distribution width(fL:13.50±2.45 vs 11.90±2.90,t=2.694,P<0.01), globu?lin(g/L:27.46±4.33 vs 24.79±4.03,t=3.029,P<0.01)and lower albumin(g/L:39.00±3.86 vs 42.89±4.45,t=4.242,P<0.01)in progressive stroke group than those of complete stroke group. The elevated red cell distribution width, reduced albu?min were the risk factors of progressive stroke. In the short-term unfavorable prognosis group, red cell distribution width was significantly higher than that in short-term favorable prognosis group(fL:13.90 ± 2.45 vs 12.00 ± 2.12,t=2.905,P<0.01). The red cell distribution width was positively correlated with mRS scores assessed 3 months and 18 months after cerebral in?farction(P<0.01). Conclusion Progressive stroke rate increases in cerebral infarction patients with elevated red cell distri?bution and reduced albumin;Red cell distribution width has a certain reference value for forecasting the prognosis of cere?bral infarction .

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism of reversal effect of Curcuma Wenyujin n-Butyl alcohol extract (CWNAE) on multiple drugs resistance (MDR) of SGC7901/VCR cells.

METHODSSGC7901/VCR cells were co-culured with different concentrations CWNAE (80, 40, and 20 μg/mL) and Verapamil (VP, 10 μg/mL) for 24 h, and then acted with Adriamycin (ADM) for 1, 2, and 4 h, respec- tively. SGC7901/VCR cells with no intervention were taken as the vehicle control group. SGC7901/VCR cells treated with ADM alone were taken as the control group. The effect of CWNAE on intracellular ADM concentration was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). Cells were treated as mentioned before without any intervention of ADM. SGC7901/VCR with no ADM intervention were taken as the control group. The effect of CWNAE on the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), lung resistance protein (LRP), and glu- cosylceramide synthase (GCS) was studied by Western blot. The effect of CWNAE on the location and expression quantity of P-gp was further illustrated by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTSCompared with the ADM group, the expression ratio obviously increased in the W80, W40, W20, and VP10 groups with statistical difference (all P < 0.05). The comparative expression quantity of P-gp, GCS, and LRP in SGC7901/VCR cells was obviously higher than that of non-MDR with statistical difference (all P < 0.05). The expression quantity of P-gp and GCS could be obviously down-regulated by 80 and 40 μg/mL CWN- AE, and 10 μg/mL VP, with no effect on the expression of LRP. Results of IHC proved that P-gp was mainly expressed on the cytomembrane or in the plasma, and it was also expressed on the nuclear membrane. P-gp in different locations could all be down-regulated by CWNAE.

CONCLUSIONSCWNAE could reverse the MDR of SGC7901/VCR cell line probably by inhibiting the expression of P-gp and GCS. CWNAE had no effect on LRP that also highly expressed on SGC7901/VCR. So we supposed that CWNAE could become a potential drug to reverse MDR of highly expressed P-gp and GCS.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Curcuma ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms

Background: Early diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis are important for the prognosis and evaluating the survival of patients.Aims: To systematically assess the diagnostic value of transient elastography (TE) for staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease.Methods: PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP from Jan.2001 to Dec.2015 were retrieved to collect the articles with staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease by TE.Data extraction was conducted.Article quality was evaluated by quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies 2 (QUADAS2).Meta-analysis was conducted by Stata 12.0 software.Results: Twenty articles involving 5 748 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that the combined sensitivity,specificity and AUC of TE for diagnosing significant fibrosis (≥F2) were 0.78 (95％ CI: 0.73-0.82),0.85 (95％ CI: 0.80-0.88) and 0.88 (95％ CI: 0.85-0.91),respectively.The combined sensitivity,specificity and AUC for advanced fibrosis (≥F3) were 0.89 (95％ CI: 0.86-0.91),0.88 (95％ CI: 0.85-0.91) and 0.94 (95％ CI: 0.92-0.96),respectively.The combined sensitivity,specificity and AUC for cirrhosis (F4) were 0.91 (95％ CI: 0.86-0.95),0.89 (95％ CI: 0.87-0.92) and 0.95 (95％ CI: 0.93-0.97),respectively.Conclusions: TE technique has a good diagnostic value in assessing significant fibrosis,advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver disease,especially for advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.

This study was aimed to establish a method for the rapid content determination of Ixerin Z and 11,13α-dihydroixerin Z in Ku-Die-Zi (KDZ) injection by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The separation was performed on a Waters ACQUITY BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7μm) by using a gradient elution with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1. The column temperature was set at 40℃. Multi-reaction moni-toring (MRM) scanning was employed for quantification in ESI negative mode. The results showed that two sesquit-erpene lactones in KDZ injection were totally separated within 2 min. The linear range of Ixerin Z was 5.70-182.50 ng·mL-1, and the linear range of 11,13α-dihydroixerin Z was 4.60-131.25 ng·mL-1. The correlation coefficient r was more than 0.999 0. The recovery rates (n = 6) were 98.18% and 97.52%, with RSDs < 1.5%. The established method was successfully applied for simultaneous content determination of Ixerin Z and 11,13α-dihydroixerin Z in 6 batches of KDZ injection from 2 factories, which had some variations on the content determination results. It was concluded that the method was rapid, accurate and sensitive, which can be used for the content determination of two sesquiterpene lactones in KDZ injection.

Objective To study the distribution of Candida infection and drug tolerance in intensive care unit(ICU). Methods A retrospective study was conducted. The critical patients admitted from January 2011 to December 2013 in ICU of the First Hospital of Jiaxing in Zhejiang Province were enrolled,and their clinical data with positive Candida culture and drug susceptibility results in specimens of sputum,urine,blood,ascites,bile, etc were collected. In the study of these 3 years in ICU,the situation of Candida infection,the distribution of positive specimen,the condition of distribution of different strains of Candida,and the Candida tolerance to antifungal drugs were analyzed. Results From 2011 to 2013,2 412 times of patients(including one patient had admitted into ICU for more than one time)were admitted into ICU in which 407 cases were of Candida infection(16.9%),and the rate of Candida infection was rising gradually in the 3 years〔2011 to 2013 Candida positive rates were 13.4%(77/573), 16.1%(146/907),19.7%(184/932)〕,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.01). In the 407 strains of Candida,166 strains(40.8%)were isolated from sputum,157(38.6%)from urine,53 strains(13.0%)ascites, 13 strains(3.1%)blood,11 strains(2.7%)bile,7 strains(1.7%)from other specimens. The strain distribution of Candida was mainly as follows:Candida albicans(174 strains),Candida glabrata(131 strains),Candida tropicalis (83 strains),Candida parapailosis(5 strains),Candida krusei(12 strains),and 2 strains of rare Candida portugal and Lipolztica. From 2011 to 2013,the highest tolerance of Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida tropicalis to fluconazole,itraconazole,Fushita Yasu and other antifungal drugs was in 2013,and the lowest was in 2012,the rates of tolerance of the above 3 strains of Candida to amphotericin B being 0,to itraconazole being the highest(10.9%, 27.8%,9.6%,respectively),to Fushita Yasu the secondary(6.6%,11.0%,0,respectively)and to fluconazole the last(4.7%,7.4%,1.9%,respectively),and the rates of tolerance of Candida parapsilosis,Candida krusei,Candida Portugal,Candida lipolztica to amphotericin B,fluconazole,itraconazole,Fushita Yasu were all 0. Conclusion In ICU,the Candida infection is mainly in the respiratory tract and urinary tract,its rate of infection has a tendency of rising,and the rate of Candida tolerance to itraconazole is the highest.

BACKGROUND: Human tooth bone graft has been used for bone deficiency in dental implantation, but the strength and quality of newly formed bones with human tooth bone graft are in need of sound investigation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the compressive strength of newly formed rabbit tibia after repair with human tooth bone graft. METHODS: Orthodontic teeth, loose molars, bicuspid premolars extracted from patients were taken to prepare human tooth bone grafts. Human tooth bone graft and bovine bone graft were independently placed into the rabbit tibia defects of 5 mm in diameter. Non-injured site served as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The newly formed rabbit tibia after repair with human tooth bone graft had more intact microstructure and higher maximum compressive strength and stiffness relative to that after repair with bovine bone graft. These findings indicate human tooth bone graft is superior to bovine bone graft in the repair of tibia defects in rabbits.

Objective To evaluate MRI in the diagnosis of the bone contusion of the knee joint and its clinical significance.Methods Using special coil for knee joint,coronal,sagittal,axial and oblique sagittal plane scanning with fast spin-echo sequence(T_1WI,T_2WI,PDWI+FS)was performed on knee joint in 205 patients in three days after injury.According the distributing bone marrow edema and injury mechanism,bone contusion were classified five types as pivot shift injury,clip injury,dashboard injury, hyperextension injury and lateral patellar dislocation.Results One hundred and forty-five cases of the 205 patients were found bone marrow edema without fracture on X-ray films.Among them,pivot shift injury was found in 43 cases accompanied with anterior cruciate ligament rupture in 30 cases,tear of the posterior horn of the lateral or medial meniscus in 12 and tears of the medial collateral ligament in 8 cases;clip injury in 53 cases accompanied with anterior cruciate ligament rupture in 10 cases,tear of the posterior horn of the lateral or medial meniscus in 15 and tears of the medial collateral ligament in 38 cases;dashboard injury 40 cases accompanied with posterior cruciate ligament rupture in 16 cases,hyperextension injury 9 cases accompanied with anterior cruciate ligament rupture in 2 cases,posterior cruciate ligament rupture in 5 cases.No lateral patellar dislocation was found.Forty-eight of 145 patients had undergone arthroscopy, 43 cases(89.6%)of them were in accordance with MRI diagnosis.Bone contusion were defined as geographic regions of abnormal signal intensity,that is,low signal intensity in T_1-weighted images and high signal intensity in PD-weighted or T_2-weigeted images with fat saturation.Conclusion MRI can accurately display the location and area of bone contusion of the knee joint as well as its adjunctive structure injury and deduce their injury mechanism.MRI should be used routinely for knee trauma.