Objective To investigate the level of care burden and self efficacy of caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury,and analyze their correlation.Methods By convenience sampling method,150 cases of spinal cord injury patients and their caregivers were investigated with Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale and general self-efficacy scale.Results The score of care burden of caregivers with spinal cord injury was (52.91 ± 11.56) points,self-efficacy score of caregivers was (19.63 ± 4.85) points.The score of care burden of caregivers and self-efficacy was highly negatively correlated.Conclusions We should pay more attention to improve the self-efficacy of caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI),in order to mitigate the care burden,improve care ability and health level of the patients' families.

Objective To identify the factors related to radiation pneumonia (PR) in lung cancer treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).Methods Data from 163 lung cancer patients treated with IMRT were analyzed with clinical factors and physical parameters related to the dose-volume histogram.The patients were followed for 6 months after radiotherapy.The relationship between survival status and PR was analyzed.Results The incidence rate of over grade 2 patients was 28.22 ％ (46/163).Univariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between many parameters associated with such as the site of lobe (P =0.033),COPD (P =0.020),chemotherapy (P =0.020) and prophylactic using of glucocorticoid and antibiotic (P =0.025).Multilogistic regression analysis showed that V20 in the contralateral site,the V5 of the all lungs and PTVV were independent factors.Conclusion The RP is associated with multiple factors.Individualized treatment plans should be made according to the specific circumstances of patients.

Objective To investigate the real situation of the burden of the caregivers who take care of patients with spinal cord injury.Methods Using phenomenological research methods of qualitative study,information of 15 family caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury were collected through semi-structured interviews in Jiangxi province,and data were analyzed with Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results Four themes were summarized:weak social support system,heavy economic burden,insufficient care ability,mental and physical exhaustion; mental and physical exhaustion concluded three sub-themes:burnout,lifestyle changes,sad/helplessness.Conclusions Care burden of caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury includes four aspects:social,physical,psychological,and less caring capacity.Care workers should be concerned about the health status of the caregivers,give targeted care intervention,so that caregivers can be adapted to the caregivers' role,maintain and promote a high level of health of the patients and their families.

Objective To investigate human plasma glycoproteomie changes related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection,and to identify glycoproteins with potential anti-HIV activity or anti-HIV drug targets. Methods Plasma proteins with lower abundance were enriched through affinity purification to remove albumin and IgG in clinical samples (HIV-positive patient, n= 10, and healthy controls, n= 20). Proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and stained by Pro-Q emerald glycoprotein stain kits. The 2-DE image was analyzed by ImageMaster software to find differential glycoproteins. Furthermore, the depleted HIV-positive and healthy control plasma proteins were digested by PNGase F. Glycoproteins were deglycoliszed, separated by 2-DE and analyzed by ImageMaster software. Differential glycoproteins were identified by liquid chromatography combined with high capacity ion trap mass spectrometry (HCT). Results The pretreatment of HIV-positive plasma prior to 2-DE could efficiently remove the high aboundant albumin and IgG in plasma and improve the detection of proteins with low-abundance. High revolution 2-DE gel images of glycoproteins from HIV positive and healthy control plasma samples were obtained. Glycoproteins were successfully deglycolized through PNGase F treatment. Thirteen differential glycoproteins were identified by liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. These proteins included alphalantitrypsin precursor and serine/threonine-protein kinase N1. Conclusions Potential HIV infection related proteins,such as alphal-antitrypsin precursor are successfully identified. Our study may offer some help to understand the molecular mechanism of HIV infection and select new drug targets for preventing HIV infection.

BACKGROUND: Research shows that genetic factors are an important component of the congenital dislocation of the hip(CDH) . However, no susceptibility genes have been identified by now. The homebox-containing (HOX) genes that regulate the embryogenesis and vertebrate limb development may play a role in the pathogenesis of CDH.OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether a correlation exists between CDH and the Hox genes.DESIGN: Controlled study associated with family.SETTING: Department of aevelopmental pediatrics, genetic laboratory, department of pediatric orthopaedics in an affiliated hospital of a university.PARTICIPANTS: All the 101 CDH patients and their parents (altogether 303 members) were the in-patients from the Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics of the Second Clinical College of China Medical University; from December 1999 to January 2001. All the patients presented typical clinical manifestations and were diagnosed by X rays and operations for confirmation.METHODS: Four microsatellite markers D7S1808, D17S1820, D12S1686 and Hox4EP were selected in the chromosome regions of7p14 - 15, 17q21, 12q13and 2q31 where Hox A, Hox B, Hox C and Hox D genes which regulate the embryonic limb development reside respectively. Genotypes of 303 members in 101CDH families were analyzed by the techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Then transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) was performed to analyze the data of genotypes.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The genotypes of four microsatellite markers D7S1808, D17S1820, D12S1686 and Hox4EP in every CDH family including one child and parents; transmission disequilibrium test between transmission alleles and non-transmission alleles.RESULTS: Transmission disequilibrium was found between CDH and allele 7 of D7S1808(X2 = 6. 045, P = 0. 014) among a total of 10 alleles detected, between CDH and allele 4 of D17S1820(X2 =6. 025, P =0. 014) among a total of 12 alleles detected, between CDH and allele 4 of Hox4Ep (X2 = 6. 461, P =0.011) among a total of 16 alleles detected. But no transmission disequilibrium was found between CDH and D12S1686(X2 = 6. 171,P =0. 965) with 16 alleles detected.CONCLUSION: CDH may be related to Hox A, Hox B, Hox D genes, and Hox A, Hox B, Hox D genes may be susceptibility genes in CDH.

Objective To assess the influence of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on the nutritional status in patients with obesity.Methods From August 2014 to July 2015, 24 obese patients underwent LSG in Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University.Weight and nutritional status of these patients were measured pre-operatively and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery.Results The mean body weight of the 24 obesity patients was (81.94±21.39) kg, (78.83±24.49) kg, (62.67±10.79) kg 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery, respectively, which were significantly lower than the preoperative body weight [(99.02±23.92)kg] (P=0.004).The serum levels of albumin, hemoglobin, and trace elements (including calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, and copper) showed no significant change after surgery (all P>0.05).Plasma vitamin D[25(OH)D] increased significantly from (13.1±4.1)μg/L preoperatively to (19.8±5.3)μg/L 12 months after surgery (P=0.031).Folic acid was (6.2±3.9)μg/L before LSG and significantly increased to (14.2±9.2) μg/L 3 months later surgery (P=0.009);the folic acid level gradually decreased 6 and 12 months after LSG but was still higher than the preoperative level.Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is present in obese patients before LSG.After surgery, while the serum albumin and trace elements have no obvious change, the vitamin D and folic acid levels remarkably increase.

Objective To produce the biological calcium citrate cement with fresh oyster shells, and investigate its compressive strength and biocompatibility so as to provide the experimental basis for clinical application of the material.Methods The compressive strength of biological calcium citrate cement was measured and its surface morphology was observed by SEM.The calcium release curve and pH value were measured in the simulated body fluid.Last, its biocompatibility was detected by cytotoxicity test.Results Biological calcium citrate cement produced by 0.33mL/g liquid solid ratio had the maximum compressive strength, and the crystal structure of the material was uniform and orderly.The determination of pH value showed that the degradation and absorption of biological calcium citrate cement did not significantly change the pH value of the body fluid.With gradual degradation of the material, the concentration of Ca2+ in the solution increased gradually.Cytotoxicity test showed that this material had good biocompatibility and no cytotoxicity.Conclusion Biological calcium citrate cement possesses strong compressive strength and good biocompatibility, and it can form a microenvironment with low in alkaline and high in calcium.

Objective Evaluation of efficacy and safety of combination of Yinxin Damo injection and low molecular heparin for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in orthopedics operation.Methods Randomized controlled trials of combination of Yinxin Damo injection and low molecular heparin intervention study of DVT in orthopedics operation were searched from the Cochrane Library,clinicaltrials,gov,PubMed,EMBASE,CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP database,and Chinese biomedical database (CBM).According to the Cochrane Handbook 5.1,Meta analysis was performed by Revman 5.3 software.Results A total of 4 studies included 358 patients.The results of Meta-analysis showed that,compared with control group,incidence of DVT was significantly reduced (P =0.01),value of D-D significantly decreased (P ＜0.000 01) and value of PT increased (P =0.04),and increased value of APTT (P =0.07) in combined group.Heterogeneous sources of PT and APTT were analyzed,and the results after excluding literature 7,as compared with the control group,APTT and PT were significantly increased in combined group (P ＜ 0.000 1).Conclusion Based on the current clinical evidence,combination of Yinxin Damo injection and low molecular heparin treatment for DVT of orthopedics operation patients is effective and safe,but there is certain heterogeneity between the studies,therefore it is necessary to design a randomized controlled trial of high quality,large scale and multicenter to research.

Objective To study the clinical, laboratory, X-ray and the pathological features of Parkinson disease patients with rheumatoid-like deformities. Methods One patient was described and the relevant English literature in recent 50 years were reviewed. Results Rheumatoid-like deformities in Parkinson disease was mostly observed in women. The ratio between male and female was about 1:5.6. Joint deformities occurred after 7.6 years of Parkinson's disease in average. The manifestations of joints included the flexion of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints, flexion of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints, and ulnar deviation of wrists and bilateral feet hallux valgus. Whole-blood analysis, biochemistry profile, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C -reactive protein were all in normal range. Rheumatoid factor and ANA, anti-ENA profile, AKA, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody and antiperinuclear factor (APF) were all negative. Periarticular erosion was not observed in plaint X -ray films. Synovial pathology showed non -specific infla -mmation without classical syno vial membrane proliferation and pannus formation. NSAIDs and DMARDs were uneffective, but on the contrary, anti -parkinson' s disease therapy could relieve joints symptoms. Conclusion Parkinson disease can be accompanied with rheumatoid-like deformities which may be misdiagnosed as RA and should be differentiated from RA by laboratory, radiographs and synovium pathology examination.

ObjectiveTo find specific biomarkers related to HAART treatment in plasma samples of AIDS patients for clinical therapeautic efficacy evaluation and guidance for the prognosis of HIV treatment.MethodPlasma samples of AIDS patients were collected from Infectious Disease Department 1 of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center in June of 2008 to February of 2009,including 11 successfully HAART treated cases (HIV load ＞ 50 copies/ml) and 11 unsuccessfully HAART treated cases (HIV load ＜50 copies/ml).Patients' age ranged from 22 to 63.Plasma samples were treated by Bio-rad AurumTM Serum Protein Mini Kit to remove high abundant proteins:albumin and immunoglobulin were removed.The treatedplasmaproteinswereseparatedbytwo-dimensionalelectrophoresisandanalyzedby electrophoretogram using Imagemaster software to find differentially-expressed proteins related to therapeutic efficacy.After digestion by trypsin,the differentially-expressed proteins were identified by online reversed-phasenano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry.ResultsLow abundant proteins were efficiently enriched after the AurumTM Serum Protein Mini Kit treatment.Six differentially-expressed proteins were detected while comparing successfully and unsuccessfully HAART treated group.These proteins were accurately identified by tandem Mass spectrometry (MS), including serum transferrin, serum β-fibrinogen, etc.ConclusionsOur proteomic research revealed that the differentially-expressed proteins such as transferrin,which is related to plasma virus loading in AIDS patients in the process of treatment,might be potential biomarkers evaluating HAART therapeutic efficacy.