Objective To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin for sepsis.Methods Diagnostic accuracy test.The plasma presepsin levels of 57 sepsis patients,64 systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) patients and 120 healthy individuals admitted to the 263 Clinical Branch,General Hospital of Beijing Military Region between January 2012 and December 2013were detected by PATHFAST system.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess and compare the diagnostic value of presepsin and procalitonin (PCT).Logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between presepsin and sepsis.In addition,the correlations between presepsin and the clinical characteristics were analyzed in sepsis patients.Results Sepsis patients [1 266 (754-2 181) pg/ml] had higher presepsin level than SIRS[517 (349-939)pg/ml] and healthy individual controls [(182 ± 56)pg/ml] (Z value was 5.94 and 10.71,respectively,P value was ＜ 0.01 for all).The areas under curve (AUCs) of presepsin and PCT were 0.81 (95％ CI:0.74-0.89) and 0.78 (95％ CI:0.71-0.86),respectively,with no statistical significance (x2 =0.60,P =0.47).After adjusted for PCT,presepsin ＞ 1 060 pg/ml was independently associated with sepsis,with odds ratio (OR) of 7.80 (95 ％ CI:3.07-20.32).Severe sepsis patients [2 723 (2 002-4 234) pg/ml] had higher presepsin than sepsis patients[1 145 (656-1 436) pg/ml] (Z =4.00,P ＜0.01).The patients with inhosptal mortality [2 365 (1 256-3 567)pg/ml] had higher presepsin than survival ones[1 146 (660-1 452) pg/ml] (Z =2.99,P =0.003).Presepsin was positively correlated with PCT (r =0.75,P ＜ 0.01).The reference for presepsin was 72 to 292 pg/ml.Conclusions Presepsin was an useful biomarker for sepsisdiagnosis.The diagnostic value of presepsin and PCT was not completely overlap,and combinational using of these two biomarkers may improve the diagnostic accuracy of sepsis.In addition,presepsin had potential value for prognosis estimation.

AIM: To identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB11454 allele and HLA-DRB1 exon 3 sequence information in the Chinese population, which is significant for organ transplantation, cell transplantation, and human genetics.METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) was used to identify HLA-DRB1 alleles from 58 donor-recipient individuals who would undergo haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Medium to high resolution polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide probe (PCR-RSSOP) was used to identify HLA-DRB1 alleles from 1 268 healthy donors from Guangdong province. The some ambiguous results of HLA-DRB114-associated alleles were confirmed by high resolution polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer typing (PCR-SSP).RESULTS: HLA-DRB11403, 1406, 1410, 1412, 1418, 1425 and 1454 alleles were detected in 1 268 healthy donors.HLA-DRB11454 was confirmed in 8 ambiguous results of HLA-DRB11401/1434/1454 alleles, and HLA-DRB11454 was one of common alleles of HLA-DRB114 allele group in Guangdong population. HLA-DRB114 exon 3 sequence information was confirmed to be polymorphic in Chinese population.CONCLUSION: HLA-DRB11454 and exon 3 of DRB1 are confirmed to be polymorphic in Chinese population, further elucidating that HLA-DRB1 axon 3 sequence information is important for Han population and some minority groups.

OBJECTIVETo explore the intervention of baicalin on signal transduction and activating transcription factor expression of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.

METHODSRecruited were UC patients at Outpatient Department of Digestive Disease, Inpatient Department of Digestive Disease, Center for Digestive Endoscopy of College City Branch, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Southern Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University from June 2010 to January 2011. They were assigned to the UC group (33 cases) and the diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) group (30 cases). Another 30 healthy subjects were recruited as a healthy control group. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro intervened by different concentrations baicalin were taken from UC patients. IL23R gene expressions in vitro intervened by different concentrations baicalin were detected using Q-PCR. Expressions of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) , STAT6, phosphorylated-STAT4 (p-STAT4), and p-STAT6 were detected using Western blot. Serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. Effects of different concentrations baicalin on expressions of PBMCs, and levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 of UC patients were also detected.

RESULTSCompared with the negative control group, 40 µmol baicalin obviously decreased IL23R gene expression of UC patients (P <0. 01). Compared with the healthy control group and the IBS-D group, p-STAT4/STAT4 ratios increased, p-STAT6/STAT6 ratios decreased, levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 all increased in the US group (all P <0. 05). Compared with the negative control, 5 and 10 µmol baicalin groups, 20 and 40 moL baicalin obviously decreased p-STAT4/STAT4 ratios (all P <0. 05); 20 and 40 µmoL baicalin obviously increased p-STAT6/STAT6 ratios (all P <0. 05); 20 and 40 µmoL baicalin obviously lowered levels of IFN-γ and IL-4, and elevated IL-10 levels (all P <0. 05).

CONCLUSION40 µmoL baicalin could in vitro inhibit p-STAT4/STAT4 ratios, adjust p-STAT6/STAT6 ratios and related cytokines, thereby balancing the immunity and relieving inflammatory reactions of UC.

Activating Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Blotting, Western ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phosphorylation ; STAT6 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Acute-on-chronic kidney disease (ACKD) increases the risk of progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a novel criteria of reference change value of the serum creatinine optimized criteria for acute kidney injury in CKD (cROCK) to detect ACKD patients. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study with a 3-year follow-up. All included patients with CKD stage 3 were evaluated using cROCK, Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), and their combined criteria. The renal composite endpoints, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and all-cause mortality were recorded as clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 812 patients was enrolled. The cROCK criteria detected more ACKD events than did the KDIGO (68.0% vs. 59.5%, p < 0.001). Compared to KDIGO (−) & cROCK (−) group, ACKD patients diagnosed by cROCK had significantly higher hazard ratio [HR] for renal composite endpoints (HR, 3.591; p < 0.001), MACEs (HR, 1.748; p < 0.001), and all-cause mortality (HR, 2.985; p < 0.001). The patients in KDIGO (+) & cROCK (+) group had the lowest survival probability when considering renal composite endpoints, MACEs, and all-cause mortality (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, cROCK resulted in the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting renal composite endpoints, and the combined criteria led to the largest AUC for predicting MACEs and allcause mortality. Conclusion: Compared to the KDIGO, the cROCK detected more ACKD events. Combining both cROCK and KDIGO criteria might improve the predictive ability for long-term outcomes in ACKD patients.

Purpose::Road traffic injuries (RTIs) have been one of the most serious public health problems in China. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which traffic investment affects traffic fatalities in China as well as regional differences.Methods::The cohort study analyzed the correlation between traffic investment and traffic fatalities, incorporating additional factors such as economic conditions, road infrastructure, population density, and lighting. The selected variables included the number of traffic fatalities, traffic investment, urban per capita road area, urban road length, road mileage, urban road lighting, population size, and per capita gross domestic product. Relevant data between 2004 and 2020 were collected for an analysis using a fixed effect regression model. A p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. To reduce the heterogeneity caused by regional differences, the provinces were divided into 6 groups according to administrative districts, and the clustering standard error analysis was carried out. Results::Overall, there has been a significant improvement in road safety in China from 2004 to 2020, but some regions show an increase in traffic fatalities. The model reveals that traffic investment is significantly and positively correlated with the number of traffic fatalities. Holding all other factors constant, each 10,000 yuan increase in transport investment was associated with an average increase of 0.22 road traffic fatalities. In the analysis of regional differences, there was a significant positive correlation between traffic investment and traffic fatalities in the Northwest region and an increase of 10,000 yuan leads to an increase of 0.47. There was a significant negative correlation between road mileage, urban road lighting system, and population and traffic fatalities. For example, holding other factors constant, a 10,000 km reduction in road length would increase the number of traffic deaths by 45.56. The model results of urban per capita road area, urban road length, per capita gross domestic product, and the explained variables showed that p > 0.100, which was not statistically significant. Conclusions::Therefore, traffic investments are essential for governments to develop measures to enhance road safety and reduce the risk of road fatalities. Adjusting traffic road investment and other covariates is conducive to improving traffic safety and reducing the risk of road fatalities. The road safety situation in different regions of China varies greatly. Local governments should consider the actual conditions to provide better road safety configuration policies.

Objective To understand the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles,serotype distribution and virulence genes.Methods A total of 515 group B Streptococcus (GBS) including 108 virulence,112 non virulence,and 295 colonizing isolates were collected in four Shenzhen hospitals.Isolates were characterized by conventional and molecular serotyping.The virulence genes of scpB,lmb,hylB,cylE,bac,bca and rib of GBS isolates were detected by PCR.Antimicrobial susceptibility to penicillins,macrolides,lincosamides,quinolones and tetracyclines was tested using disk diffusion and the MICs for penicillin were determined by E test.Results Molecular serotyping for all eight serotypes (Ⅰa,Ⅰb,Ⅱ ～ Ⅵ,Ⅸ) was in full accordance with conventional serotyping.Taking MS and CS together,serotype Ⅲ was the most common capsular type (56.5 ％),followed by Ⅰb (17.5 ％),Ⅰa (12.6 ％),V (7.4 ％),Ⅱ (2.7 ％),Ⅵ (1.4 ％),Ⅳ (1.0 ％) and Ⅸ (1.0 ％).Serotype Ⅲ was the main serotype in different groups,serotype Ⅰ a was significantly more common among patients with invasive infections (11.1％) and no invasive infections (29.5％),serotype Ⅰb isolates were significantly more common among clone (19.3％).Virulence gene screening using PCR method showed the presence of cylE,lmb,scpB and hylB in almost all the isolates,while rib,bca and bac genes were found in 29.1％,14.6％ and 9.7％ of the isolates.Certain genes were significantly associated with specific serotypes,for example,rib with serotypes Ⅲ,Ⅰa and Ⅰb,bca and bac with serotypes Ⅲ and Ⅰb.Drug susceptibility results showed that GBS susceptibility to β lactam antimicrobials was prevalent (100 ％).Resistance rates for erythromycin,clindamycin and tetracycline were 67.0 ％,61.9 ％ and 86.0 ％,respectively.Conclusion Serotype distribution,virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of GBS contributes to the clinical therapy,epidemiological studies and design of Vaccines.

BACKGROUNDAs precise positioning of ankle radiography is not possible, quantitative measurement of all syndesmotic parameters on repeated ankle X-ray films may be of little value. The purpose of this study was to provide a set of scientific and objective evaluation criteria for assessing the quality of ankle fracture reduction accurately and reliably by an intelligent combining three-dimensional (3-D) computed tomography (CT) measurement model.

METHODSFrom June 2008 to March 2011, all the thin-slice CT images of 100 cases (50 males and 50 females) with normal ankle joint scanned by 16-slice spiral CT were collected. Two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D images of ankle joints were generated by using multiple planar reconstruction (MPR) and surface shaded display (SSD) respectively. The relevant parameters about bone structures and their relationship were measured and analyzed based on 3-D topological narrow division technique and 3-D measurement techniques combining essential elements of point, line and surface.

RESULTSIn this study, the mean distance from lateral malleolus tip to talocrural articular surface, the tip of medial malleolus anterior colliculus to talocrural articular surface and lateral malleolus tip to the tip of medial malleolus anterior colliculus were (22.83 ± 1.12) mm, (12.84 ± 1.09) mm, and (61.18 ± 2.03) mm respectively in male group, and (20.16 ± 1.00) mm, (10.30 ± 1.05) mm and (53.00 ± 1.40) mm respectively in female group. The above three parameters were correlated with gender, height and weight (P < 0.05). However, the mean perpendicular distance from lateral malleolus tip to the plane through the tip of medial malleolus anterior colliculus, the talocrural angle, later clear space, medial clear space, and the superior clear space were (9.93 ± 0.29) mm, (10.01 ± 0.38)°, (1.94 ± 0.16) mm, (2.78 ± 0.19) mm, and (3.14 ± 0.15) mm respectively in 100 cases, were not significance correlated with gender, height and weight (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThis study could provide a certain amount of relevant data for the standard of injured ankle anatomical reduction and the second surgery planning after malunion. The methods of measurement are reliable, reproducible, and easy to apply in practice.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a worldwide health and social problem. Retarding its progression to end-stage renal disease is beneficial both to the patients and the healthcare system. Plenty of clinical trials have indicated that enema with Chinese medicine could effectively prevent chronic renal failure, and was widely used in the clinical practice. However, studies on mechanism were still nearly blank, which may prevent further improvement of therapeutic efficacy. Recent studies had discovered that colon was an important organ where uremic toxins were generated. The uremic toxins involved could not only promote CKD progression, but also was closely correlated with CKD mortality. Reducing production and promoting excretion of toxins were confirmed to reduce renal tubule interstitial fibrosis and delay renal progression. On the basis of the theory of gut-kidney axis above, we had conducted pilot clinical researches to evaluate the effect of enema with Chinese medicine on the intestinal flora, gut barrier, enterogenous uremic toxins and renal protection. The preliminary results revealed that rheum enema through colon could accelerate intestinal dynamics, improve intestinal barrier function, regulate intestinal flora and reduce production and absorption of intestine-derived uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate, which may reduce renal fibrosis and delay renal progression. Further studies could provide more evidence for colon as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of CKD with Chinese medicine.
Colon ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Enema ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; pathology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo express and purify the fusion protein of extracellular domain of human Ig domain-containing, neurite outgrowth inhibitor (Nogo) receptor-interacting protein-1 (LINGO-1(aa76-319)) in prokaryotic cells and prepare the rabbit anti-LINGO-1 polyclonal antibody (pAb).

METHODSThe 732 bp DNA sequence of hLINGO-1(aa76-319) was obtained from pCMV-SPORT6 by PCR and inserted into pET30a(+) plasmid to construct the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET30a(+)-hLINGO-1(aa76-319), which was subsequently transformed into E.coli. The target fusion protein was expressed with IPTG induction and purified by Ni(2+)-NTA affinity chromatography column. The antiserum against hLINGO-1(aa76-319) was obtained from the rabbits immunized with hLINGO-1(aa76-319), and the titer of the pAb was determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and its specificity identified using Western blotting.

RESULTSThe prokaryotic expression plasmid pET30a(+)-hLINGO-1(aa76-319) was constructed successfully. Efficient expression of the target fusion protein was achieved with IPTG induction at the optimal concentration of 0.4 mmol/L and culture temperature at 37 degrees celsius; for 2.5 h. The hLINGO-1(aa76-319) fusion protein was effectively expressed in E.coli as inclusion bodies, and the soluble protein was obtained through denaturation and refolding procedures, and the purified fusion protein showed a purity above 90%. The titer of the anti-hLINGO-1(aa76-319) pAb obtained by immunizing the rabbits with the purified protein reached 1:1.6x10(6), and Western blotting confirmed its good specificity.

CONCLUSIONThe fusion protein hLINGO-1(aa76-319) with high purity has been obtained and the anti-hLINGO-1(aa76-319) pAb obtained shows a high titer and good specificity, which provide important experimental basis for further functional investigation of LINGO-1.

Animals ; Antibodies ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Antibody Specificity ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; immunology ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the distributive characteristics for leukemia and to provide scientific reference for its prevention and intervention.

METHODSMicrosoft SQL 2005 databases was used to make a mathematical analysis of 3708 patients with leukemia in Chinese Marrow Donor Program (CMDP) from 2000 to 2006. The distributive characteristics were calculated by sex, age and area of patients with leukemia and then compared by constituent ratio and relative ratio statistics method.

RESULTSA total of 3708 cases of leukemia were registered for waiting donor during the period 2000-2006 in CMDP, the age of patients were from 7 months to 69 years, the median age of diagnosis was 24.5 years, standard deviation was 6.7-years-old; males suffered more than females, and the ratio was 1.95: 1 (2451/1257). There were 1202 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 1066 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 1435 with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 5 with chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (CLL), CML was the most common patients. The distributive of 3708 patients with leukemia peak was from 15 to 30 years age group, 542 patients were at the age of 15 years, 559 patients were at the age group above 20 years, 514 patients were at the age above 25, 522 patients were at the age over 30-years-old. ALL patients were accounted for 49.36% (613/1242), AML patients accounted for 27.78% (245/1242), CML patients accounted for 22.78% (283/1242), CLL patients accounted for 0.08% (1/1242) in the age group of under 20 years (childhood group). All subjects were mainly in childhood patients with leukemia; The distributive of patients with leukemia in 30 areas were different, leukemia patients were not registered in one area, 494 patients were at the highest peak, 101 patients were in the median.

CONCLUSIONThe majority of leukemia patients for waiting stem cell transplantation were registered among children and the adolescents groups, males were suffered more than the females. For children, the major type of leukemia was ALL, being necessary to pay more attention to the education of health, and the precaution of leukemia. The distributive of patients with leukemia for waiting stem cell transplantation was different in 30 areas, and the peak region of leukemia should be in Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shangdong, and Zhejiang provinces.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukemia ; classification ; epidemiology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Tissue Donors ; Young Adult