Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic and pathological changes of peripheral pulmonary lesions in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated with Penicillium marneffei pneumonia (PMP) and their clinical significance.Methods The ultrasonographic and pathological data of peripheral pulmonary lesions in 31 cases of AIDS complicated with PMP who were diagnosed in Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning were retrospectively reviewed.Results Among 31 cases of PMP,20 cases (64.5％) showed star-like diffuse sonogram,7 cases (22.6％) low solid echo and 4 cases (12.9 ％) black hole-like sonogram in ultrasonographic changes of peripheral pulmonary lesions.In pathological examination,Penicillium marneffei were seen in all samples:periodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS) and periodic acid-Schiff diastase stain (PAS-D) were all positive.Twenty four cases (77.4％) mainly showed infiltration of inflammatory cells,and 7 cases (22.6 ％) mainly showed necrosis and fibrous hyperplasia.Among 20 patients with star like diffuse sonogram,19 were mainly infiltration of inflammatory cells in pathological changes,and 19 were CD4+ T lymphocyte counts of 100-200/μL.Among 4 patients with black hole-like sonogram,all were necrosis in the central and hyperplasia in the peripheral in pathological changes,and CD4-T lymohocyte counts were all＜50/μL.Conclusions In AIDS patients complicated with PMP,ultrasonographic features were probably correlated with pathological changes in biopsy tissues and CD4-T lymphocyte counts.

Objective To determine the effect of COMMD7 inhibition on invasion and migration in liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs),and investigate the possible mechanism.Methods After LCSCs were infected by shRNA lentiviral vectors of COMMD7,adhesion assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the invasion and migration,and phalloidin staining was employed to observe the morphological changes.Western blotting was adopted to measure the expression of E-cadherin,N-cadherin and Vimentin.Results COMMD7 knockdown significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of LCSCs.The relative cell quantity of adhesion was 1.00 ± 0.12 and 2.35 ± 0.20 respectively in control cells and infected cells,suggesting there were significantly more adhesive cells in the infected group (P ＜ 0.05).The relative cell quantity per visual field of migration was 1.00 ±0.04 and 0.24±0.03,and that of invasion was 1.00 ±0.05 and 0.24 ±0.04 respectively in the control cells and infected cells,and there were significantly less invasive and migrated cells in the infected group (P ＜0.05).What's more,COMMD7 knockdown also induced some morphological changes of cells corresponding to the weakened abilities of migration and invasion.All the changes above were associated with up-regulation of E-cadherin (P ＜ 0.05) and down-regulation of N-cadherin and Vimentin (P ＜0.05),the molecules related to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET).Conclusion COMMD7 knockdown inhibits the invasion and migration in LCSCs,which may be through its regulation on the MET course.

Objective: To explore the relationship between family structure with adolescents physical and mental health, and to provide a reference for promoting healthy development of adolescents in the family with particular structure. Methods: The stratified random sampling method was used to select 3 941 middle school students aged 13 to 18 years in Shangrao City of Jiangxi Province. Self designed questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7) were used to assess family structure, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms, participants were divided into underweight or overweight and obesity according to screening for underweight of school age children and screening for overweight and obesity of school age children. Results: The proportion of adolescents with special family structure was 7.0%. Univariate analysis showed that underweight rate of adolescents with divorced parents (31.2%) was higher than that of adolescents whose parents were still married (25.3%) ( χ 2= 3.55 , P <0.05), the detection rate of depressive symptoms in adolescents with special family structure(40.9%) was higher than that in adolescents with typical family structure(34.5%) ( χ 2=4.60, P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of depressive symptoms in adolescents with special family structure was 1.41 times higher than that in adolescents with typical family structure( 95% CI= 1.02-1.79, P <0.05). Conclusion No significant relationships between special family structure with underweight, overweight and obesity, and anxiety symptoms of adolescents are observed,however,special family structures are associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms in adolescents.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prognostic predictors of nasal NK/T cell lymphoma.

METHODSThe clinicopathologic feature data of 61 patients with nasal NK/T cell lymphoma proven by pathological examination from Jan. 1997 to Jan. 2005 were collected. Expression of survivin, CD44, nm23, p53, Ki-67, MDR-1 and CD95 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in 30 patients with available histologic specimens. The correlation between these factors and prognosis were analyzed.

RESULTSIn univariate analysis, performance status, LDH level, clinical stage, initial treatment response, CD56, Ki-67 and CD95 were found to be the prognostic factors associated with time to progression (TTP) in nasal NK/T cell lymphoma, while the performance status, B symptoms, LDH level, initial treatment response, Ki-67 and CD95 were demonstrated as prognostic factors related to overall survival. In multivariate analysis, clinical stage, initial treatment response and performance status were independent prognostic factors for TTP, while the latter two factors were independent prognostic factors of overall survival.

CONCLUSIONClinical stage and initial treatment response, and performance status are found to be independent prognostic factors for TTP, whereas the latter two factors are demonstrated as independent prognostic factors of the overall survival. Overexpression of Ki-67 may be an unfavorable prognostic factor, but overexpression of CD95 may be a favorable one.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; analysis ; Immunohistochemistry ; statistics & numerical data ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Ki-67 Antigen ; analysis ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; analysis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nose Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; fas Receptor ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the method and effect of axial pattern myocutaneous flap in reconstructing breast by using color doppler flow imaging (CDFI) technique.

METHODSSuitable axial myocutaneous flaps were selected according to the character of the focus in 26 cases of breast cancer after operation and radiotherapy. All the axial pattern myocutaneous flaps were designed on the basis of traditional design method before operation; then, CDFI with high resolution was used to examine the starting spot, exterior diameter, trail and length of the myocutaneous flaps' major artery. The myocutaneous flaps were redesigned according to the results of CDFI and transferred to reconstruct the breasts. The results of operation and examination were investigated.

RESULTSAccording to the CDFI, only one thoracodorsal artery's blood current was slow, its wall was rough and presented with arteriosclerosis. The blood flow was fluent and the vessel wall was smooth with other supplying arteries in the flaps. And no embolism, sclerosis or absence of blood vessel was found. The starting spots, exterior diameters, trails and anatomic layers of the major supplying arteries of the flaps were displayed clearly with CDFI, in accordance with the results of operation. Twenty-one cases of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap, 4 cases of the contralateral transverse abdominis myocutaneous flap and 1 cases of the bilateral transverse abdominis myocutaneous flap were used in this group. The flaps survived and healed well, the breasts were reconstructed well with perfect appearance, shape and sensation.

CONCLUSIONSCDFI is a simple, visualized and noninvasive method for designing the axial pattern myocutaneous flap in breast reconstruction, it can provide more scientific and accurate evidence for preoperative determination of myocutaneous flap transplantation.

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Mastectomy ; Middle Aged ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; Ultrasonography, Mammary ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of behind legs vibrations on erectile function in male rabbits through the concentration of plasma reproductive hormone and the expression of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin-1 (ET-1) mRNA in vibrated male rabbits.

METHODS30 male adult rabbits were assigned randomly to A group (vibration power: 3.02 m/s(2)), B group (vibration power: 6.13 m/s(2)), C group (vibration power: 12.26 m/s(2)) and control group. The concentration of expression of eNOS, ET-1 mRNA were measured with RT-PCR after rated for 30 days.

RESULTS(1) Compared with 0 days vibration, after exposure to vibration for 10, 20, 30 days, the A, B, C group concentration of plasma T, LH are much lower (P < 0.05), the concentration of plasma E2 is much higher. (2) Compared with control group after exposed for 30 days, the expression of ET-1 mRNA [B group:(17.39 +/- 4.59) x 104; C group: (36.21 +/- 13.13) x 104 ] were much higher and expression of eNOS mRNA [A group: (19.11 +/- 6.83) x 104; B group: (11.86 +/- 3.15) x 104; C group: (4.68 +/- 3.26) x 104] was much lower, there were significant differences (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe vibration of behind legs in rabbits resulted the concentration of plasma T, LH are much lower, the concentration of plasma E2 is much higher, increased the expression of eNOS mRNA, decreased the expression of eNOS mRNA, then vary the erectile function.

Animals ; Endothelin-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; genetics ; metabolism ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Vibration ; adverse effects

Objective To investigate the effects of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene on cell growth and invasion of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods Recombinant lentivirus vector for shRNA delivery of EZH2 was constructed and transfected into 293FT cells. After collecting the viral particles, the NPC cell line 5-8F cells were transfected. The effects of EZH2 silence on cell proliferation and cell cycle were detected using MTT assay,plate colony formation assay and flow cytometry.The migration and invasion of 5-8F cells were determined by wound healing assay and matrigel invasion assay,respectively.The expressions of EZH2 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) -related markers at mRNA and protein levels were examined by real-time PCR and Western blot respectively.Results The expressions of EZH2 mRNA and protein in the transfected 5-8F cells were obviously reduced. MTT assay showed that EZH2 downregulation significantly inhibited the growth of 5-8F/shEZH2 cells( P ＜ 0.001 ).Colony formation rate (84.44％ ) of 5-8F/shEZH2 cells was lower than control (31.56％,P =0.001 ).Cell cycle analysis showed that most 5-8F/shEZH2 cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase,with a very low ratio of cells in S phase.Wound healing assay indicated that the migration ability of cells silencing EZH2 decreased significantly,and the 48-hour relative migration distance of 5-SF/ShEZH2 cells and control cells was 0.58 ± 0.05,and 0.81 ± 0.02,respecptively(P ＜ 0.000).Matrigel invasion assay,showed the invasive capacity of cells silencing EZH2 was significantly inhibited,with less penetrating cells (72.23 ± 4.08 ) compared to control( 150.95 ± 16.27),P ＜ 0.000.The mRNA expressions of epithelial markers E-cadherin and Keratin 18 in the cells silencing EZH2 increased by 177％ and 158％ respectively,and the mRNA expressions of mesenchymal markers β-catenin and N-cadherin decreased by 18.04％ and 41.18％ respectively. Similar results also were obtained with Western blot analysis. Conclusion EZH2 significantly enhanced the proliferation and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro,which might be mediated by inducing EMT.

BACKGROUNDVascular hyporeactivity, which occurs in the terminal stage of hemorrhagic shock, is believed to be critical for treating hemorrhagic shock. The present study was designed to examine whether the CB1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) was involved in the development of vascular hyporeactivity in rats suffering from hemorrhagic shock.

METHODSSixteen animals were randomly divided into two groups (n = 8 in each group): sham-operated (Sham) and hemorrhagic shock (HS) groups. Hemorrhagic shock was induced by bleeding. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to and stabilized at (25 +/- 5) mmHg for 2 hours. The vascular reactivity was determined by the response of MAP to norepinephrine (NE). In later experiments another twelve animals were used in which the changes of CB1R mRNA and protein in aorta and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. In addition, we investigated the effects of a CB1R antagonist on the vascular hyporeactivity and survival rates in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Survival rates were analyzed by the Fisher's exact probability test. The MAP response was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

RESULTSVascular hyporeactivity developed in all animals suffering from hemorrhagic shock. The expression of CB1R mRNA and protein in aorta and 2 - 3 branches of the SMA were significantly increased in the HS group after the development of vascular hyporeactivity when compared to those in Sham group. When SR141716A or AM251 was administered, the MAP response to NE was (41.75 +/- 4.08) mmHg or (44.78 +/- 1.80) mmHg respectively, which was higher than that in saline groups with (4.31 +/- 0.36) mmHg (P < 0.01). We also showed an increased 4-hour survival rate in the SR141716A or AM251-treated group with 20% or 30%, but with a statistically significant difference present between the AM251-treated and saline groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCB1R is involved in vascular hyporeactivity resulting from hemorrhagic shock in rats, and CB1R antagonist may be useful in treating patients with traumatic, hemorrhagic shock who need field-rescue or initial treatment.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Hypotension ; metabolism ; Male ; Piperidines ; pharmacology ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; metabolism ; mortality ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and the prognostic significance of the new WHO classification and staging system about gastroenteropancreatic NENs.

METHODSThe clinical and pathological records were reviewed in 73 patients with colorectal NENs (carcinoids). All slides were retrieved and reviewed, immunohistochemical staining (EnVision method) was performed and follow-up information retrieved.

RESULTSForty-one men and thirty-two women were included with a median age of 53 years (19 - 79 years). The location of the primary tumors in 65 patients was within 10 cm from the anorectal line. In 45 cases, the tumor diameter was ≤ 1 cm (no metastasis occurred); in 11 cases, the tumor diameter was > 1 cm but ≤ 2 cm (two patients had metastatic tumors); in 17 cases, the tumor diameter was > 2 cm (12 patients had metastatic tumors). The metastatic rate was significantly correlated with tumor size (P = 0.000). All tumors were immunoreactivity for synaptophysin and/or chromogranin A. According to the criteria of WHO classification and staging system about gastroenteropancreatic NENs, there were 65 cases of neuroendocrine tumors, including 51 cases of grade 1 (G1), 14 cases of grade 2 (G2), 4 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma (G3) and 4 cases of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma. Following-up data showed that of the 34 patients with G1 tumor, there were no tumor-related death, but two patients showed metastases, and the remaining patients were disease free for 6 to 179 months. Of the 12 patients with G2 tumors, five developed metastasis, there were two tumor-related deaths, and the nine surviving patients were alive for 17 to 118 months. Of the four G3 patients, all developed metastasis and there were three tumor-related deaths. Of the four mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma there were two tumor-related deaths. The difference of metastatic rate, tumor-related mortality, and overall survival among different grading groups in this series was statistically significant (P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSColorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm is a group of tumors with distinct prognostic difference, and most of these tumors show an indolent clinical behavior. There is a good correlation between the new WHO classification and staging system of gastroenteropancreatic NENs and their clinical behaviors.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Survival Rate ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo perform meta-analyses evaluating the efficacy of adding Liuwei Dihuang Pills (, LDP) to Western medicine in improving treatment outcomes for type 2 diabetes.

METHODSMedline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases, including the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched to identify eligible studies; i.e., if the study involved a randomized clinical trial in which the experimental group combined LDP with Western drugs and the control group used the corresponding Western drugs alone to treat type 2 diabetes. Outcomes were measured in terms of fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) and HbA1c level. Efficacy was also measured by using control and response rates. The combined odds ratio (OR), mean difference (MD), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.

RESULTSStudies included in the analysis were less adequate than expected in terms of methodological quality. A total of 1,609 patients from 18 studies were included. We found that adding LDP can lower patients' FBG (MD=0.54 mmol/L, 95% CI [0.15, 0.93], P=0.007), 2hPG (MD=1.05 mmol/L, 95% CI [0.29, 1.81], P<0.01) and HbA1c (MD=0.23, 95% CI [0.02, 0.45], P=0.008). There were also improvements in treatment response rates (OR=3.41, 95% CI [2.38, 4.90], P<0.01) and control rates (OR=2.47, 95% CI [1.91, 3.20], P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONAdding LDP to Western medicine might improve treatment outcomes of diabetes, including FBG, 2hPG, response rates and control rates.

Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Fasting ; blood ; Gliclazide ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Metformin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Publication Bias ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Treatment Outcome ; Western World