Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of different doses of pioglitazone, a kind of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, on vascular dementia and explore how pioglitazone affects cerebral ischemia. Methods: Modified Pulsinelli's vessel ligation was used to establish a vascular dementia model in rats. Recognition, learning and memory were evaluated by Morris's water maze test. Immunoenzyme staining was used to determine the number of nerve cells. Immunofluorescence double-staining was used to examine the expression of PPARγ/nerve cells and PPARγ/astrocytes in different groups. Results: Both in pioglitazone groups and sham-operation group, the latency was reduced significantly compared to that in control group (P < 0.01). Sham-operation group had the largest number of neurons in the cortex, followed by low-dose pioglitazone group and high-dose pioglitazone group, and control group came last. Compared with control group, pioglitazone groups had more PPARγ expression in nerve cells, and the fluorescence intensity of PPARγ was stronger. Conclusion: Pioglitazone can induce the expression of PPARγ in neuron endochylema and astrocyte endochylema to protect nerve cells, and then to improve spatial learning and memory function in VD rats.

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of different doses of pioglitazone, a kind of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, on vascular dementia and explore how pioglitazone affects cerebral ischemia. Methods: Modified Pulsinelli's vessel ligation was used to establish a vascular dementia model in rats. Recognition, learning and memory were evaluated by Morris's water maze test. Immunoenzyme staining was used to determine the number of nerve cells. Immunofluorescence double-staining was used to examine the expression of PPARγ/nerve cells and PPARγ/astrocytes in different groups. Results: Both in pioglitazone groups and sham-operation group, the latency was reduced significantly compared to that in control group (P < 0.01). Sham-operation group had the largest number of neurons in the cortex, followed by low-dose pioglitazone group and high-dose pioglitazone group, and control group came last. Compared with control group, pioglitazone groups had more PPARγ expression in nerve cells, and the fluorescence intensity of PPARγ was stronger. Conclusion: Pioglitazone can induce the expression of PPARγ in neuron endochylema and astrocyte endochylema to protect nerve cells, and then to improve spatial learning and memory function in VD rats.

Objective To explore the common pathogenic bacteria and medication in urinary tract infection in the patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods 240 SCI patients were analyzed retrospectively in China Rehabilitation Research Center from January 2009 to October 2010, who were diagnosed as urinary tract infection (UTIs) according to urine culture and bacterial identification. Results The first 3 positions of pathogenic bacteria were Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (53.8%), Enterococcus (8.9%), and Klebsiella pneumonia (8%), while some patients were followed Gram-positive bacteria and fungal infections. Conclusion The clinically selected antibacterial drugs should be based on the bacterial culture and drug susceptibility test to promote the antibacterial drugs use rationally, frequently changing the medicine and continuing the administration of antibacterial drugs for a long period of time should be avoided.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze palm ratio of body surface area (BSA) based on the body different surface area formula. METHODS: Forty-four Chinese adult males were selected in this study. The contour of left single palm was recorded and the palm area was calculated by cut-paper weighing method. The body surface was calculated by the height and weight based on 12 formulas of body surface area. Then, the palm ratio of BSA was calculated. RESULTS: The average palm ratio of BSA was (0.789 ± 0.075)%. The data showed statistically significant difference compared with the traditional ratio (1%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The ratio of BSA in Chinese adult male population showed more accuracy compared with the traditional ratio in this present study. The forensic evaluation can be affected by using the different ratio of BSA.
Adult ; Asian People ; Body Height ; Body Surface Area ; Body Weight ; Hand/anatomy & histology* ; Humans ; Male

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of dynamic hip screw (DHS) combined with continuous passive motion (CPM) on intertrochanteric fractures in old patients.MethodsThirty-six old patients with intertrochanteric fractures were treated with DHS internal fixation and began to exercise isometric contraction of quadriceps femoris and to move the big joints of affected limb with CPM machine on the 3rd day after operation.ResultsAll the patients were averagely followed-up for 14 months. According to the effective standard, 26 cases were excellent, 9 cases good and 1 case poor with a 97.2 percentage of fineness. All fractures healed well with no loosening and dislocation of internal fixation. Only one case with type of Evans Ⅲ remained less hip inversion.ConclusionDHS is a good method to treat intertrochanteric fractures of old patients under good preoperative disposal.

To investigate the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome and short-term prognosis of ischemic stroke.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and atherosclerosis (AS).Methods 95 cases were divided into two groups based on prostate volume (PV):24 cases with non-BPH (PV≤20 ml) and 71 cases with BPH (PV＞20 ml).Carotid intinal medial thickness (IMT) was determined by high resolution color Doppler sonography.ResultsLevels of triglyeeride (TG),hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP),ln fasting insulin [ln (FINS)],ln insulin resistance index [ln (HO)MA-IR)] and IMT in BPH group were significantly higher than in non-BPHgroup.The morbidity rate of coronary heart disease and cerebral arteriosclerosis in the BPH group enhanced as compared with non-BPH group.PV were positively correlated with ln(FINS),ln(HOMA-IR),TG and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C).Conclusions BPH is closely correlated with AS and their co-pathogenesis might be insulin resistance,inflammatory reaction and endothelial dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the relation of peripheral leukocyte total and its differential counts with urinary albumin(UAlb)in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods The 564 subjects with type 2 diabetes were stratified according to UAER levels.The total and differential leukocyte counts of peripheral blood were measured.Demographic and potential metabolic confounding factors were analyzed with multiple correlation and logistic regressions to evaluate the effects of leukocyte counts on UAER.Results With the increase of UAER,the peripheral total leukocyte,neutrophil,monocyte,eosinophil and basophil counts increased.In contrast,the lymphocyte count decreased.The differences persisted even after adjusting the influence of age,sex,duration of diabetes and other known risk factors.Conclusions Our study shows that peripheral leukocyte counts,even within the normal range,are related with UAlb in subjects with type 2 diabetes in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To compare the levels of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsC-RP) among subjects with normal fasting glucose plus normal glucose tolerance(NFG/NGT),IFG,IGT and IFG plus IGT,and to analyze the related risk factors. Methods 443 nondiabetic subjects aged 39-65 years were seperated into four groups:NFG plus NGT,IFG,IGT and IFG plus IGT.The serum hsC-RP levels and related factors were analyzed. Results Compared with IFG subjects,IGT subjects had higher hsC-RP levels.No differences in hsC-RP levels were found between NFG plus NGT group and IFG group, as well as between IGT group and IFG plus IGT group.Stepwise multiple regression showed that BMI and HOMA-IR were independent predictors of hsC-RP. Conclusions IGT subjects have significantly higher serum hsC-RP level than IFG subjetcts. The serum level of hsC-RP is associated with insulin resistance and the components numbers of metabolic syndrome.

Early growth response gene-1 is an immediate early response gene,a transcription factor which includ three zinc finger-like domains.Recentl studies demonstrate that early growth response gene-1 is involved in regulating cell cycle,proliferation and differentiation,and plays a critical role in injuring and repairing.Early growth response gene- 1 induces Target genes,and promotes extracellular environmental signal( such as oxygen deficit,oxidative stress,mechanical injury and cytokine)link with the complex biological responses.Intensive study to early growth respnse gene-1 will contribute to further illustrate the mechanism of the ischemia-reperfusion injury.This article summarizes from protein structure,signal transduction,biological functions and the relationship with ischemia- reperfusion injury.