Humans ; Lead ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; Uncertainty

Objective To explore the expression of Hes1 mRNA during neural stem cells(NSC) differentiation toward neurons . Methods To establish the model of cultivation NSC in the hippocampal of newborn (24 h) SD rats ,and then to observe the mor-phology of NSC in the course of proliferation and differentiation .Before and after cellular induction ,the expression of Nestin and NSE were respectively measured to detect cell types by immunochemistry method .And flow cytometry was used to determine cell cycle phases ,so as to detect proliferative activity of these cells .Meanwhile ,the expression of Hes1 mRNA in NSC was determined by reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) .Results The results demonstrated that NSC isolated from hippocampal showed vigorously clonal proliferation in vitro ,and positive Nestin expression .In addition ,the differentiated cells demonstrated positive NSE expres-sion .Flow cytometry analysis showed that the percentage of NSC in S phase was obviously higher than that of induced differentia-tion of all time(P<0 .01) ,which indicated that NSC were actively dividing induction before .Compared to NSC ,the percentages of cells in G0 G1 phases were increased significantly after neuronal differentiation (P<0 .01) ,which indicated that differented cells have arrested in G0 G1 phases .Meanwhile ,the results from RT-PCR showed that :Hes1 mRNA was expressed in NSC both before and af-ter induced differention .Compared to induction before ,the level of Hes1 mRNA expression in NSC during different stages of differ-entiation after induction were significantly decreased (P<0 .05) ,and Hes1 mRNA did not show any obvious changes among these stages of differentiation(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The high level of Hes1 mRNA was probably involved proliferation of NSC .How-ever ,low level of Hes1 mRNA might contribute to neuronal differentiation .

ObjectiveTo investigate the action mechanism of Th17 cells in immunoinflammatory response in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).MethodsReverse-transcription PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expre ssion of the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor RORγt in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 12 patients with active SLE,9 patients with inactive SLE and 12 normal human controls.Data were statistically analyzed by approximate F test(Welch test) and Dunnett's T3 multiple comparison test (corrected).ResultsIn the case of RORγt mRNA expression in PBMCs,significant differences existed among the 3 groups(F =23.286,P ＜ 0.01 ); in detail,the patients with active SLE were significantly higher than patients with inactive SLE and normal controls ( 1.06 ± 0.44 vs.0.65 ± 0.25,F =2.453,P ＜ 0.05;1.06 ± 0.44 vs.0.22 ± 0.08,F =6.504,P ＜ 0.05),and the patients with inactive SLE were significantly increased compared with the normal controls (F =3.343,P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of RORγt mRN A was significantly positively correlated with SLE disease activity index (rp =0.623,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThere is a polarization of Th17 cells in patients with SLE.To antagonize the transcription factor RORγt,which plays an essential role in the regulation of Th17 cell differentiation,may facilitate the control of SLE via attenuating the immunoinflammatory response.

Se load tests were carried out by administering 150?g Se as 0.1% sodium selenite 0. 5ml in 5 groups of male children (7～13 years) including 2 groups from different Kashin-Beck disease affected areas, 2 groups from non-endemic areas and another from an endemic area supplementing Se-fortilled salt for 4 years. The results showed that Se urinary excretion amounts, 6,12 and 24 hour accumulated rates and 24 hour net excretion amounts as well as rates after Se administration were similar between 2 endemic groups, but all far lower than those of 2 non-endemic groups; that urinary Se excretion peak in endemic groups delayed as comparied with non-endemic groups and that the above—mentioned parameters in endemic group supplementing Se restored to the levels of non-endemic groups. All those findings suggested that the children from Kashin-Beck disease affected areas might be in a Se deficiency status and Se supplementation to the endemic children consuming Se fortified salt significantly improve their Se deficiency status.

Objective: To investigate the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and the intervention effect of Chinese materia medica (CMM) for dispersing blood stasis and dredging collateral. Methods: Ten rats were selected as control group from 60 rats, the remaining rats were established as DN models by feeding high glucose and high fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin ip injection. Model rats were randomly divided into model group, irbesartan treatment group, and CMM group. The rats in each group were ig administered with corresponding drug, at the end of the 20th week, the 24 h urinary total protein was detected. The expression levels of Wnt4 and β-catenin mRNA and protein in renal tissue were detected. Results: Compared with control group, the 24 h urinary total protein, expression of Wnt4, β-catenin mRNA, and protein significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with model group, 24 h urinary total protein, the expression of Wnt4, β-catenin mRNA, and protein decreased significantly in irbesartan group and CMM group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Conclusion: CMM for dispersing blood stasis and dredging collateral might decrease proteinuria in DN rats. It can also inhibit the high expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the kidney of diabetic nephropathy rats. The effect might be one of the main ways to reduce urinary protein excretion.

ObjectiveTo explore the effective methods to improve the pulmonary function and life quality of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).Methods48 IPF patients were randomly divided into two groups, each group includes 24 cases. Group A was treated with prednisone 0.5 mg/kg per day orally, reduce half of the dosage 4 weeks later and Fluimucil 600 mg three times per day orally, while group B with prednisone 0.5 mg/kg per day orally, reduce half of the dosage 4 weeks later. The clinical manifestation, pulmonary function testing, high-resolution CT of the chest, arterial blood gas analysis were observed before and 3 months after treatment. ResultsThere was significant difference in Group A (P<0.05) but no significant difference in Group B (P>0.05) before and after treatment in the pulmonary function testing and arterial blood gas analysis. There was significant difference after treatment in the pulmonary function testing and arterial blood gas analysis between Group A and Group B (P<0.05).There was significant difference after treatment in the clinical manifestation, high-resolution CT of the chest and between Group A and Group B (P<0.05). ConclusionHigh dose Fluimucil can ameliorate the pulmonary function, relieve the symptom of short breath of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of continuous intravenous pumping of octreotide in the treatment of intestinal endotoxemia.Methods Eighty patients with intestinal obstruction and non-surgical treatment were divided into group Ⅰ with 34 cases who received conventional-treatment and group Ⅱ with 46 cases who received conventional-treatment combined with octreotide 24 h continuous intravenous pumping.White blood cell count ( WBC ),diamine oxidase (DAO),D-lactic acid (D-LA) and endotoxin were detected before treatment and at 24 h,48 h,4 d after treatment.Results The content of WBC,DAO,D-LA and endotoxin in two groups all reached peak at 48 h after treatment.The difference of the content of WBC,DAO,D-LA and endotoxin between two groups had no statistical significance at 24 h after treatment (P ＞ 0.05).The content of WBC,DAO,D-LA and endotoxin of group Ⅱ at 48 h and 4 d after treatment were lower than those of group Ⅰ.And the difference at 48 h after treatment had statistical significance[(18.40 ±0.10)× 109/L vs.(20.60 ± 2.36) × 109/L,(6.12 ± 1.02) kU/L vs.(8.02 ± 1.54) kU/L,(2.14 ±0.21) mg/L vs.(3.34 ± 0.04) mg/L,(1.65 ±0.16) kEU/L w.(2.23 ±0.36) kEU/L] (P ＜ 0.01).While the difference at 4 d after treatment had no statistical significance(P＞ 0.05 ).Body temperature at 48 h after treatment,gastrointestinal decompression capacity,anus exhaust time of group Ⅱ were (37.60 + 3.01 )℃,(320.00 ± 76.14) ml/d,(54.00 ± 0.94) h respectively,and they all were superior to those of group Ⅰ[(38.50 ± 2.21 ) ℃,(500.00 ± 80.32) ml/d,(68.00 ± 1.02) h] (P ＜0.01).Conclusions Continuous intravenous pumping of octreotide can effectively protect the intestinal mucosal barrier function,improve intestinal permeability,reduce the trmslocation of intestinal flora,inhibit the incidence and development of enterogenous endotoxemia.And it provides new evidence to support the clinioal application of octreotide in patients with intestinal endotoxemia.

[Objective]To investigate the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis by increasing stiffness of subchondral bone to simulate subchondral bone sclerosis to induce the osteoarthritis.[Methods]The proportion between polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA),methylmethacrylate(MMA),hydroxyapatite(HA) and distilled water was adjusted to keep the maximum reaction temperature under 40℃.The composite material PMMA/HA was obtained and compressed on a mechanical material machine to determine its ultimate strength and stiffness,which were compared with those of subchondral bone.The subchondral bone of medial tibial plateau was scraped,where the composite material PMMA /HA was implanted into.Rabbits were sacrificed at 3,6,9 and 12 weeks,respectively.The articular cartilages of the medial tibial plateau were harvested for histological observation.Immunohistochemical analysis was adopted to record the expression and distribution of collagen type Ⅱ and MMP-1 in cartilage at protein level,which were compared with the blank and control groups.Transmission electron microscope was used to examine the ultramicroscopic changes of chondrocytes in blank and 6,12-week-postsurgery groups.[Results]With the time going,the experimental groups gradually presented degeneration,and had increased histological Mankin score.TEM demonstrated degenerative changes of chondrocytes.Collagen type Ⅱ expressed mainly in transition zone and upper deep zone,and MMP-1 expressed predominantly in the superficial and upper intermediate layers of cartilage.Both expressions steadily increased with time passing.[Conclusion]The increased stiffness of subchondral bone induced osteoarthritis in rabbits,which suggests that subcondral bone sclerosis may induce cartilage damage,and that subcondral bone sclerosis is one of the initial pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.

Objective To inquire into the forward clinical results of ventricular pacing, dual-chamber sensing, atrial-triggered, and ventricular-inhibited (VDD) Pacemaker in an unipolar lead.Methods 16 patients with the pacemaker were studied from 1993 to 2002, including 12 male patients and 4 female patients at 49 to 75 years old (average age 64 4 7 8 years old). They were in normal sinus rhythmia with complete or high degree atrial-ventricular block. Lead electrode was inserted through subclavian venous access, and the pacemaker was implanted in the same side as the electrode.Results All patients were followed up from 1 to 112 months (average 68 8 6 3 months) after pacemaker implantation. Their heart functions were improved, symptoms disappeared, life quality remarkably improved. Atrial sensing of VDD was good. One patient was died from coronary heart disease with heart failure by following up for 42 months, but the rest were healthy. Conclusions VDD pacemaker implantation was simple, easy to perform if its indication was appropriate. It could alleviate patients symptom and its therapy was effective. We should think highly of using VDD pacemaker, especially at poor region.

Objective To observe the role and effect of allitridi to cerebral vasospasm following expe rimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.Methods The models of Japanese rabbits with symptomatic cerebral vasospasm were established by blood injection of twice cisternal magna.Via one side subclavian artery,allitridi was continuously infused by a mini pump.Results After continuous intra arterial infusion allitridi 2 d,the diameter of basilar artery in the treatment group increased more obviously than that before treatment ( P 0.05).There was marked ischemic pathological change in the structure of basilar artery and brain in the control group,however there was no obvious change in the treatment group.Conclusion Allitridi can improve acute cerebral vasospasm;and the continuous intra arterial infusion allitridi has preventive effects in delayed cerebral vasospasm.