The National Health and Family Planning Commission of China together with State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine jointly issued Regulations on Cost Accounting for Public Hospitals at County Level in order to promote the comprehensive reforms of county level public hospitals and regulate cost accounting.The issu-ance of the Regulations provides operation guidance on cost accounting at county level public hospitals, specifies divi-sion of responsibility for cost accounting, lays out details of implementation, and emphasizes the importance of achie-ving cost accounting through the use of information technologies.The Regulations incorporates many impressive terms, forming the foundation for effective cost accounting at county level public hospitals.

Atrial structural remodeling and electrical remodeling are the core of atrial fibrillation.Oxidative stress directly activates calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMKⅡ), and induces electrical remodeling and atrial structural remodeling characterized by reduced atrial effective refractory period, which becomes the pathological basis of atrial fibrillation.Therefore, the study of the relationship between the oxidative CaMKⅡ and atrial remodeling will help to elucidate the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation and to prevent or reverse atrial remodeling by lowering CaMKⅡ phosphorylation to reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation.

Acid/base mutants of glycosidases, namely thioglycoligases, are able to catalyze thioglycosides synthesis. Now, many thioglycoligases, including ?-thioglucoligase, ?-thiomannoligase, ?-thiogalactoligase, ?-thioxyloligase and ?-thioglucoligase, have been developed from bacteria and archaebacteria, and applied in synthesizing various thioglycoligases. Recently, thioglycoligases have been used to glycosylate the glycoprotein and firstly generate the thioglycoprotein. The novel extended synthetic function of glycosidases would promote the development of glycobiology, biotechnology and pharmacy.

Objective　To explore the clinical superiority of two kinds of chopping nucleus methods in phacoemulsification——etch and turn technique, stop and chop technique.Methods　Three hundred and sixty-five eyes were performed with phacoemulsification, among which 85 eyes were performed with turn technique and 280 eyes were performed with chop technique.The results of the two kinds of chopping nucleus were analyzed.Results　(1)Time of chopping nucleus:time of turn technique averaged 81.26 seconds while chop technique averaged 40.71 seconds; (2)Visual acuity in the first week after operation:turn technique:vision of 76 of 85 eyes were 0.5 of better, 7 eyes were 0.2～0.5(8.2%) and 2 eyes were 0.2 or worse; chop technique: vision of 253 of 280 eyes were 0.5 or better (90.4%), 21 eyes were 0.2～0.5(7.5%) and 6 eyes were 0.2 or worse (2.1%);(3)Reaction of corneal endothelial cells after the operation: central endothelium rugosity appeared in 4 eyes (4.7%) with turn techinque and in 7 eyes (2.5%) with chop technique. Conclusion　The operation of the former is less difficult and the chopping nucleus time is longer. The time of the operation on the latter is shorter and it is appriate for hard nucleus and should be applied and spreaded. There are no marked differences as for the vision after the operation and the microcorneal injury between them.

Chemokine CXCL9/Mig (monokine induced by IFN-?) belongs to the subfamily of chemotactic cytokines known as CXC-chemokines. In vivo CXCL9 is mainly induced by IFN-? in macrophages and primary glial cells. In vitro, CXCL9 can be secreted by cells such as macrophages, microvascular endothelial cells and neutrophils, in response to the synergy of IFN-? and TLR(toll-like receptor) ligands. CXCL9 is a chemoattractant for activated T lymphocytes, tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes, but not for neutrophils or monocytes. The receptor specific for CXCL9 is CXCR3, a G protein-coupled protein which has seven transmembrane domain. The structure and the chemical characterization of CXCL9, as well as its effects on autoimmune deseases, allograft rejection, cancer therapy were reviewed.

Resident doctor standardization training program is the necessary and important part of medical education after graduation.The Hainan branch of PLA General Hospital combines scientific and practical medical conditions and discipline characteristics of Hainan to scientifically plan the standardized treatment of cancer pain in training.This model combines lecture-based learning (LBL) teaching method and virtual demonstration for theoretical training.In practical training,we conduct problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method,situational teaching and standardized examination to systemically improve resident doctors' skill for cancer pain management.This combined teaching strategy can help resident doctors to establish correct and standard concept in future clinical practice,and enable them to establish a correct concept of treatment,and adopt two-way evaluation to continuously improve teaching quality before the end of training.

[Summary] Four women with uterus submucosal myoma without sexual experience were treated with hysteroscopic surgery from January 2008 to January 2015.There were 2 cases of 0 type myoma, 1 case of Ⅱtype myoma, and 1 case of multiple myomas with 0 type,Ⅰtype, andⅡtype, respectively.The operation was performed by using the plasma bipolar hysteroscopic resectoscope (sheath diameter , 8 mm) .All the operations were successfully completed with myoma resected in one time .The hymens were undamaged .The patients were followed up for 6, 4, 3, and 1 year, finding no recurrence .One patient naturally conceived after 6 years postoperatively and gave birth to a healthy baby .

Local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) presents a troublesome challenge to radiation oncologist. Reirradiation is the primary modality nowadays. However, clinical data on reirradiation are still relatively scarce. This article summarized the treatment advances and the clinical characteristics associated with relapse of NPC, and reviewed the outcomes of different radiation techniques in the management of recurrence of NPC, i.e. conventionalradiotherapy, stereotactic radiotherapy, brachytherapy, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity modulate radiotherapy, or some combination of above in recent years.

Objective The effect of acidity and severity of gastric atrophy on Helicobactor pylori (H.pylori) colonization was studied. Methods 95 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and positive H.pylori test were categorized into groups.Group 1,48 cases having moderate atrophic antritis with various degrees of fundic atrophy.Group 2,47 cases having mild fundic atrophy with various degrees of antritis. Assessment was made of basic and maximum acid output (BAO, MAO ) as well as of gastrin. H.pylori was tested with Warthin-Starry staining. Results In group 1, H.pylori colonization reduced significantly (P0.05) was found between patients with severe and moderate atrophy in fundus, while H.pylori colonization declined more markedly (P0.05) between cases with moderate and severe antritis,whereas H.pylori colonization reduced more significantly in the latter than the former (P

Objective To investigate whether hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)affected neuropathic pain through autophagy and verify the HBO effect. Methods A total of 60 male SD rats were selected for the study and randomly divided into 4 groups:control group(C group),sham operation group (S group),chronic constriction group(CCI group)and hyperbaric oxygen group(HBO group). LC3Ⅱand P62 were determined by Western blot method and the autophagy was detected by electron microscopy on the 7th day. Results CCI and HBO groups were significantly higher than C and S group in Western blot(P<0.05). There was no difference between group C and group S(P>0.05). The expression of LC3Ⅱin HBO group was significantly higher than that in CCI group(P<0.05). And the expression of P62 in CCI group was significantly higher than that in HBO group(P<0.05). The autophagy in CCI and HBO group were significantly increased comparing to the C and S groups(P<0.05). However,the difference be?tween group C and S was not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can induce autophagy for anti?neuropathic pain.