Prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and rectal cancer are common malignancies in the male pelvis. The incidence rate of erectile dysfunction (ED) following radical prostatectomy, cystectomy or rectal cancer surgery is about 25% - 100%. The main cause of post-surgery ED is mainly attributed to injury of neurovascular bundles, which may lead to reduced oxygenation in and fibrosis of the penile tissue. Early penile rehabilitation after surgery can improve or restore the erectile function of the patients. This article focuses on penile rehabilitation after radical pelvic surgery.
Cystectomy ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; rehabilitation ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; Postoperative Complications ; rehabilitation ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatectomy ; adverse effects ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To investigate levels of IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA in the blood of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)patients with the different stages of kidney injury and explore the relationship between the gene expression levels of IL-17,IL-22 and renal lesions in patients with diabetic nephropathy(DM).Methods Subjects included 60 T2DM patients with or without kidney injury and 20 normal controls(NC,n=20).Diabetes patients were divided into 3 groups by level of urinary albumin to creati-nine ratio (ACR):no proteinuria group (NA,ACR<30 mg/g,n=22),microalb uminuria group (MA,30 mg/g>ACR>300 mg/g,n=18)and diabetic nephropathy group (DN,ACR>300 mg/g,n=20).Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR was used to detect IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA levels.Analysis differences of IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA levels among NA,MA,DN and NC groups.Results The levels of IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA were significantly higher in DN group than that in MA,NA and NC group (P <0.01,respectively),However,there were not significant difference among MA,NA and NC group (P >0.05,re-spectively).Conclusion Levels IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA were increased in blood of T2DM patients with nephropathy.IL-17 and IL-22 may play role in the pathogenicity of diabetic nephropathy.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides from the rhizomorph of Armillaria mella(AMP-1) on alloxan injured INS-1 cells.Methods Graded concentrations of AMP-1(2,10,50,100,500,1 000 mg?L-1) were added into the culture medium of alloxan injured INS-1 cells.The survival rate was measured by MTT assay.The amount of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in different concentrations of AMP-1 was determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA).SOD and NOS activity,NO,MDA and GSH production were assayed colorimetrically.Results AMP-1 could reduce oxidative injuries induced by alloxan in INS-1 cells.The survival rate of cells treated with AMP-1 increased significantly.In the presence of 5.6 mmol?L-1 or 16.7 mmol?L-1 glucose,AMP-1(50,100,500,1 000 mg?L-1)increased glucose-induced insulin secretion in INS-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner.NOS levels and the production of NO and MDA decreased significantly by AMP-1,while SOD levels and the production of GSH increased.Conclusions AMP-1 promoted glucose-induced insulin secretion in INS-1 cells by increasing the abilities of scavenging the free radicals induced by alloxan.

Purpose:To clarify the different expression patterns of the cyclins and P21 between the normal breast epithelium cells and breast cancer cells of different degrees of malignancy.Methods:Using Western Blot, we detected the protein expression of cyclin D1, E, and p21 in the normal breast epithelium cells AG11132A, ER positive MCF 7 breast cancer cells and ER negative MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells.Results:(1) P21 protein was highly expressed and cyclin E lowly expressed in the normal breast epithelium cells. Compared with the normal breast epithelium cells, Cyclin E were highly expressed in breast cancer cells of MCF 7 and MDA MB 231 cells. Abnormal low molecular weight cyclin E was co expressed with normal cyclin E in both MCF 7 and MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells, but not in normal breast epithelium cells AG11132A. (2) In breast cancer cells, compared with the ER positive MCF 7 cells the ER negative MDA MB 231 cells expressed a high level of cyclin E protein but low p21.Conclusions:(1) There are many forms of differences both quantitive and qualitative between normal cells and cancer cells, as well as between relatively low degree and high degree invasive malignant cancer cells. (2) Cyclin E and P21 may be potential indicators that reflect the malignancy of breast cancer cells, but they should be analyzed as a whole in order to get more accurate prognostic information. [

Objective Toinvestigatethetechnicalfeasibilityandefficacyofvertebralarteryorigin and adjacent subclavian artery stenosis treated with a single self-expandable stent implantation simultaneously. Methods Twenty-onepatientswithposteriorcirculationischemicsymptomsweretreatedwithasingle stent implantation for vertebral artery origin (stenosis rate≥70%)and adjacent subclavian artery stenosis (stenosis rate ≥50%)simultaneously. The head end of a single self-expandable open-cell stent was implanted into the middle or distal V1 segment of vertebral artery,and the caudal end was implanted at the proximal subclavian artery during procedure. At 6 -12 months after procedure they received followed-up with CTA and/or DSA. The clinical and image data of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results Allstentswereimplantedsuccessfully.Thevertebralarterystenosisratewasdecreasedfrom 87. 1 ± 5. 7% before procedure to 7. 4 ± 6. 4% and the subclavian artery stenosis rate was decreased from 61.9±8.4% to4.5±5.7% aftertheprocedure.Therewassignificantdifference(allP<0.05).No perioperative complications occurred. The in-stent restenosis (about 50%) was found in one patient (4.8%)during the follow-up and he did not have any relevant clinical symptoms. One patient (4. 8%) had recurrent vertigo at 6 months after procedure. CTA and DSA examinations revealed stent compression and vertebralarteryocclusion.Conclusion Asingleself-expandablestentimplantationforthetreatmentof vertebral artery origin and adjacent subclavian artery stenosis simultaneously is feasible and safe. The incidences of in-stent stenosis and stent compression are low.

Objective To explore the relationship between plasma interleukin-11(sIL-11) level and platelet count post-chemotherapy with hematological malignancy patients and analyse a sIL-11 level which may maintain a safe platelet count so as to guide the treatment. Methods Blood samples were collected from the patients with hematological malignancy at certain time point of pre-and post-chemotherapy, and serum level of sIL-11 and platelet count were determined separately. Different statistical methods were applied to test the relationship between sIL-11 level and platelet changes. Results 99 cases finished this study. The findings are: the sIL-11 level went up and reached the peak on day 6 post-chemotherapy, while the platelet count kept dropping to the lowest on day 10, the sIL-11 peak occurred before the lowest platelet count, patients with faster sIL-11 increase may maintain a comparatively higher plateled count. 99 eases were grouped according to the lowest platelet count and compared: the group with higher platelet count tend to have higher peak sIL-11, more cases with higher peak sIL-11, with faster daily average sIL-11 increase, the lowest platelet count occurred later. Logistic regression analysis showed the factors contributed to lower platelet includes slower daily average sIL-11 increase and sIL-11 level less than 2000 pg/ml on Day4 post-chemotherapy. Conclusion There were correlation between the serum sIL-11 level and platelet counts, the platelet count change may be predicted by determining the plasma sIL-11 level post-chemotherapy. Patients with sIL-11 level less than 2000 pg/ml on Day4 post-chemotherapy may be endangered with severe thrombocytopenia, rhIL-11 or platelet transfusion treatment should be considered.

Objective To develop a murine model of chromomycosis by using Cladosporium carrioni and explore the pathogenicity of Cladosporium carrio nii in mice. Methods The suspension of Cladosporium carrioni was inoculated to two groups of mice, the immunocompetent mice and the immunosuppressed mice, b y intraperitoneal route using 1 ml inoculum containing 108 conidia/mL. All mice were sacrificed 30 days after inoculation, and then macroscopic examination, his topathology and fungal culture were performed. Results The morbidity in both g roups was 100% according to the dark brown hyphae and sclerotic bodies found in histopathologic examination and fungal culture. Macroscopic examination found th at the adhesion among the internal organs in immunocompetent mice was more sever e than that in immunosuppressed mice. Histopathologic sections showed that necro sis and inflammatory infiltration in immunocompetent mice were more obvious than those in immunosuppressed mice. Conclusions The virulence of Cladosporium car rionii strains is strong enough to construct experimental murine model of chromo mycosis, and animal passage of the strains is unnecessary. This murine model cou ld be used to study the pathogenesis of chromomycosis.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of butenafine hydrochloride 1% aerosol in the treatment of tinea pedis,tinea cruris or tinea corporis.Methods A randomized,double-blind,multi-center clinical trial was conducted.Efficacy was assessed in terms of mycological cure,total clinical sign and symptom scores,and clinical response,at baseline,mid-term,end of study,and 2 weeks after treatment.Results One hundred and seventeen patients with tinea cruris or tinea corporis were randomly allocated to individual groups treated with either butenafine 1% aerosol (n = 58,male 53,female 5,age 29.45 ? 11.80,course of disease 3.0 ? 5.0 months) or bifonazole 1% aerosol (n = 59,male 49,female 10,age 34.12 ? 12.98,course of disease 3.0 ? 11.0 months).One hundred and nineteen patients with tinea pedis were also allocated to two groups treated with either butenafine (n = 59,male 59,age 22.97 ? 3.97,course of disease 24.0 ? 36.0 months) or bifonazole (n = 60,male 60,age 23.77 ? 4.12,course of disease 36.0 ? 48.0 months).The cure rates and total response rates were 25.86% vs.40.68%,and 86.21% vs.91.53%,in the study group and the control group,respectively,at the end of study,and 58.62% vs.74.58%,and 96.55% vs.96.61% in 2 weeks following-up,for the patients with tinea cruris or tinea corporis.Also,the cure rates and total response rates were 23.73% vs.25.00%,81.36% vs.78.33%,in the study group and the control group,respectively,at the end of study,and 37.29% vs.41.57% and 81.36% vs.90.00% in 2 weeks following-up,for the patients with tinea pedis.Local adverse reactions were recorded in 13 of butenafine group,and 20 of bifonazole group.The differences of above data between two groups were not statistically significant.Conclusion Butenafine hydrochloride 1% aerosol is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of tinea pedis,tinea cruris or tinea corporis.

Objective: To determine protein binding characteri stic and signal transmission pathway of melatonin（Mel） receptor(MR) in human e mbryonic peripheral organ tissues. Methods: MR was measured by radio ligand-binding assay and the effect of GTPγS on melatonin specific bindi ng was studied. Results: Mel specific binding sites were det ermined in 16 kinds of human embryonic tissue and this binding could be inhibit ed by GTPγS, supporting the theory that MR is coupled to inhibitory G-proteins system. Conclusion: MR is measured in human embryo tissue, the se results provide experimental data for elucidating the mechanism of the effect of Mel.

Objective To explore the value of Gadofluorine M,a novel M RI enhancement agent,in the diagnosis the early radiation brain injury.Methods Seventy-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 equal groups.To establish the radiation injury model,the rat's posterior brain was irradiated with 0(blank controls),25,35,45,55,and 65 Gy,respectively.After irradiation MR plain scanning and Gadofluorine M enhancement scanning (after the T1WI and T2WI scanning Gf at the dosage of 0.1 mmol/kg was injected intravenously and scanning was performed again 12 h later) were performed once a week for 8 weeks.Another 12 rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to exposure to 55 and 65Gy,respectively,and MR scanning was performed once a week for 8 weeks since the third week after MR.After T1WI and T2WI scanning Gd-DTPA was injected intravenously,MR was conducted again 30 min later,and Gf was injected intravenously (Gd-DTPAenhancement and Gf enhancement contrast).The MR image and the pixel count were compared.Since the third week 2 rats from the Gf enhancement scanning group and 1 rat from the Gd-DTPA enhancement and Gf enhancement contrast were killed after MR with their brains taken out to undergo pathological examination.Results No abnormal signal changes were found in MRI in 25 and 35 Gy groups within 2 months after irradiation.A high signal in the Gf enhancement T1 WI image was found in 45,55,and 65 Gy groups within the period of 4-6 weeks after radiation.The signal intensity was significantly higher than that of the control,25,and 35 Gy groups(F =2.15,P <0.05).The emerge time of this signal was negatively correlated with the dose of radiation(r =-0.62,P < 0.05).When there was no obvious change was found by Gd-DTPA enhancement,a high signal representing change of injury could be found in Gf enhancement in the same rat.The signal intensity was significantly enhanced in Gf enhancement compared to the Gd-DTPA enhancement (F = 2.74,P <0.01).Histopathology examination of the 65 Gy group showed frosted degeneration in part of the region,however,no obvious necrotic damage was found in other groups.Conclusions The Gf enhancement change appears before histopathological changes,it helps discover early radiation injury in brain.Compared to the regular MRI and Gd-DTPA enhancement,Gadofluorine M enhancement has obvious advantage and is worth further research and application.