Objective To investigate the clinical significance of kynurenine (KYN) and uric acid (UA) levels in chronic myeloid leukemia patients (CML).Methods 30 CML patients (CML group) and 25 healthy controls (Control group) were enrolled in the hospital from Mar 2014 to Dec 2015.Serum KYN and tryptophan (TRP) of all subjects were determined by high performance liquid chromatography,and KYN/TRP ratio (KTI) were calculated.Leukocytes were counted by automat ic blood cell analyzer.Serum UA were detected by enzyme method.Correlation between UA and KTI,leukocytes were analyzed by Pearson correlation.Results The serum KTI of the CML group (49.76±19.06) before treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group (27.87-±-5.06,t=4.470,P=0.001).KTI cutoff value was 40 by ROC analysis.There had correlation between KTI and leukocytes (r=0.743,P=0.001) and no correlation between KTI and ages (r=0.205,P =0.276).KTI (64.7±17.8) and the leukocytes [(96.7±64.1) × 109/L] of 10 cases of KTI≥40 of CML patients before treatment was significantly higher than that of KTI (27.0± 10.9,t=7.102,P =0.001) and the leukocytes[(10.1 ± 5.2) × 109/L,t=4.285,P=0.002] after treatment.The serum UA in KTI＜40 CML patients (n=15,354.98±103.9 μmol/L) was significantly lower than that of KTI≥40 CML group CML (n=15,484.98±132.1 μmol/L,t=1.432,P=0.045).The UA in CML group was associated with KTI (r=0.573,P=0.001) and leukocytes (r=0.537,P=0.002).Conclusion The increase of KTI in CML patients suggested that an increased activity of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO).IDO activity may associated with CML morbidity and therapy effect.The detection of KTI may contribute to the diagnosis of CML and assessing therapy effect of CML.

Objective To investigate whether hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)affected neuropathic pain through autophagy and verify the HBO effect. Methods A total of 60 male SD rats were selected for the study and randomly divided into 4 groups:control group(C group),sham operation group (S group),chronic constriction group(CCI group)and hyperbaric oxygen group(HBO group). LC3Ⅱand P62 were determined by Western blot method and the autophagy was detected by electron microscopy on the 7th day. Results CCI and HBO groups were significantly higher than C and S group in Western blot(P<0.05). There was no difference between group C and group S(P>0.05). The expression of LC3Ⅱin HBO group was significantly higher than that in CCI group(P<0.05). And the expression of P62 in CCI group was significantly higher than that in HBO group(P<0.05). The autophagy in CCI and HBO group were significantly increased comparing to the C and S groups(P<0.05). However,the difference be?tween group C and S was not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can induce autophagy for anti?neuropathic pain.

Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)on p38 MAPK signal pathway in neuropathic pain,and explore its mechanism. Methods The experiment was divided into two parts with thirty SD rats in each part. Each part was then randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation group(S group),chronic constriction group(CCI group)and hyperbaric oxygen group(HBO group),with 10 rats in each group. Part one:Pain?related behavior were detected on 3 day,7 day,14 day,28 day after operation. Phosphorylative p38 was detected by Western blot method and the P2X4 receptor was detected by immunohistochemistry method on the 28th day. Part two:All the rats were treated with SB203580. Pain?related behavior were detected on 3 day,7 day,14 day,28 day after operation. P2X4 receptor was detected by immunohistochem?istry method on the 28th day. Results CCI and HBO groups were significantly lower than S group in pain?related behaviors(P<0.05). CCI group was significantly lower than that in HBO group(P<0.05). The content of phosphorylative p38 and P2X4 receptor in CCI and HBO group were increased(P<0.05),and the expression of phosphorylative p38 and P2X4 in CCI group was significantly increased than that in HBO group (P<0.05). When p38 MAPK was inhibited,pain?related behavior in HBO and CCI group increased significantly than the pain?related behavior of HBO and CCI group in Part 1(P<0.05). But the difference between group CCI and HBO was not significant(P>0.05). Though the expression of P2X4 receptor in CCI group and HBO group was significantly higher than that in S group(P<0.05),the difference between group CCI and HBO was not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can affect the expression of p38 MAPK through P2X4 receptor in rats of neuropathic pain.

Cryptococcosis ; complications ; Eosinophilia ; etiology ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications

BACKGROUND:Chitin has been found to be a good biomaterial, but research on chitin carrying corneal epithelial cel s for rabbit corneal epithelial injury is little reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the repair outcomes of chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s in the rabbit corneal epithelial injury.METHODS:Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were enrol ed and made into left corneal epithelial injury models, and then randomized into two groups and treated with chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s (experimental group) and chitin hybrid membrane (control group), respectively. The damage area, histological changes and ultrastructure of the cornea were observed at 1, 3, and 7 days after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Damage area of the cornea in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group at 1 and 3 days after implantation (P<0.05), and the cornea in both two groups healed wel at 7 days after implantation. At 7 days after implantation, in both two groups, the corneal epithelium with six layers adhered to the corneal stroma closely, which was repaired completely and regularly. Comparatively speaking, the cornea in the experimental group possessed smooth outer layer. Besides, in the experimental group, the hexagonal corneal epithelial cel s arranged closely with flat surface;while the hexagonal corneal epithelial cel s in the control group showed no smooth surface and gaps between cel s. These results indicate that chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s promotes the repair of rabbit corneal epithelial injury.

BACKGROUND:Chitosan nanoparticles-encapsuled sodium hyaluronate is an effective drug for the burned cornea. OBJECTIVE:To verify the effect of sodium hyaluronate/chitosan nanoparticles on the neovascularization in burned cornea. METHODS:Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups, and the model of burned cornea caused by base was established in the rats of model and experimental groups, fol owed by respectively treated with 10μL sodium hyaluronate/chitosan nanoparticle suspension and normal saline, once daily, for consecutive 4 weeks. Rats only given normal saline were used as controls. Four weeks later, the dynamic growth of newly formed blood vessels in the cornea was observed using silt lamp. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6 were detected by ELISA, histological changes of the cornea were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the mRNA expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase 2 were detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the area of the newly formed blood vessel and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase 2 were significantly increased in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). In the experimental group, al above indicators were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05). There were a large number of inflammatory cel s and neovascularization in the model group, but only few inflammatory cel s in the experimental group. These results show that sodium hyaluronate/chitosan nanoparticles can inhibit the neovascularization in the burned cornea.

Objective To investigate the application of quantitative parameters associated with iodine concentration derived from iodine overlay image by dual-source dual-energy computed tomographic (CT) in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods Seventy-eight patients (total 112 nodules, including 64 benign and 48 malignant nodules) with thyroid nodules who underwent plain scan (PS), arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) enhanced scan by DSCT (80 kVp/ Sn140 kVp) were analyzed retrospectively. Iodine overlay images were obtained by the dual energy post-processing software. The mean iodine concentrations in the normal thyroid parenchyma (ICThy), the lesion (ICLes), and the carotid artery(ICCar) of PS, AP and VP were measured from iodine overlay images. The iodine concentration difference (ICD), the iodine concentration difference-to-normal parenchyma ratio (ICDNR) and the normalized iodine concentration ratio (NIC) were calculated. The two-sample t test was performed to compare quantitative parameters between the benign and malignant nodules. ROC curve with quantitative parameters of three phases was used to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of ICD, ICDNR, NIC and ICles. Results During
PS, mean ICDNR, ICD and ICLes of malignant nodules were respectively 1.04 ± 0.95, (2.20 ± 1.82) mg/ml, (-0.04 ± 1.65) mg/ml, ICDNR, ICD and ICLes of benign nodules were respectively 0.04 ± 0.41, (0.35 ± 0.97) mg/ml, (2.19 ± 0.55) mg/ml. ICDNR and ICD of malignant nodules were higher than benign nodules (t'=6.63, 6.39, P<0.05), while ICles of malignant nodules were lower than benign nodules (t=10.13, P<0.05). During AP , mean ICDNR, ICD, ICLes of malignant nodules were 0.39 ± 0.29, (2.23 ± 1.77) mg/ml, (3.81 ± 1.50) mg/ml, and benign nodules were 0.49 ± 0.22, (2.97 ± 1.91) mg/ml, (3.17 ± 1.64) mg/ml, respectively. ICDNR, ICD of malignant nodules were lower than benign nodules (t'=2.08, t=2.12;P<0.05),while ICles of malignant nodules were higher than benign nodules (t=2.12, P< 0.05). During VP, mean NIC of the malignant and benign nodules were 0.45 ± 0.21, 0.58 ± 0.37, respectively. NIC of malignant nodules were lower than benign nodules (t'=2.35, P< 0.05). AUC of ICDNR during PS was 0.892, the sensitivity was 83.3% and the specificity were 90.5%. Conclusion Quantitative parameters associated with iodine concentration by dual-source dual-energy CT may increase the efficiency and accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Chitosan ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Phospholipids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pregnancy

?ln recent years, the number of patients with diabetes increase rapidly. Diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) , one of the complications of diabetes, is also the important aspect of current and future prevention of blindness in our country. Now, more and more scholar have noticed the important role of immune inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. ln this article, we reviewed the role of interleukin-6 ( lL-6 ) in diabetic retinopathy.