Objective To study the impact of gaseous formaldehyde exposure on the metabolism of nitric oxide (NO) in the lung tissue of mice. Methods The adult male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, treated with gaseous formaldehyde (0,0.5,1,3 mg/m3) for consecutive 72 h in the simulated exposure chamber, the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities and the NO positive rate in mice's lung were measured with the reagent kits. Results The lower formaldehyde exposure (≤0.5 mg/m3 ) could decrease NOS activity (compared with the control, P

The color fading reation on potassium bromate with Victoria green stand G by the catalysis of nitrite in hydrochloric acid medium was studied. The experimental condition offlow injection spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace NO2- was optimized. The linear range for the determination of nitrite is 0.00～0.30 mg/L and 0.30～ 2.00 mg/L, the solpes of standard curves are 0.708 and 0.339 respectively, the analytical speed is 80/h. It has been used todetermine trace nitrite in the collanae lake water, fishpond water, power plant waste water and well water. The results are satifactory.

Background Sugar cataract is one of the major diabetic complications in the eye,but there is not effective medicine to prevent or delay development of cataract. Objective The goal of this study was to investigate the effects and the potential mechanism of aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor,AL-1576 on prevention of galactose cataract in rats. Methods Forty-two SD rats were randomly and equally divided into 7 groups.The cataracts were induced by feeding with 50％ galactose.At the day of feeding galactose and the day 5,10 and 15 after feeding galactose,AL-1576 was added into the feeds.The rats were divided AL-1576 prevention group and early-,intermediate-or late-stage intervention groups.For another group,the withdrawing AL-1576 group,AL-1576 was added into the feeds at the day of feeding galactose,then was removed after 10 days.The lenses of the rats were examined under the slit-lamp microscope before and after given AL-1576 every 5 days.At the day 35,the lenses were obtained.The wet and dry weight of the lenses were weighted,respectically,to calculate the water content of the lenses.Activities of AR and superoxidedismutase (SOD) and contents of glutathione (GSH) of the lenses were measured by their commercial detecting kits.The care and use of the animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission. Results In AL-1576 prevention group,all lenses maintained clear.Opacification of the lenses were significantly attenuated in all three AL-1576 intervention groups and withdrawing AL-1576 group compared with the cataractous model group ( P＜0.05),but the inhibiting role was weaken with late intervention.The water contents and the activities of AR of the lenses were decreased,the contents of SOD and GSH were dramatically increased in all different AL-1576 treated groups compared with the cataractous model group (P＜0.05).Moreover,AL-1576 prevention group showed the best effect on all indexes (P＜0.05). Conclusions The activity of AR can be inhibited by AL-1576 at the different stages of development of cataract induced by galactose.By blocking and attenuating formation of the edema and elevating antioxdative capacity in the lenses,AL-1576 prevents and delays the formation of galactose cataract.

Brain Concussion ; complications ; Hearing ; Hearing Disorders ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Thioctic Acid ; therapeutic use

Objective To determine the dietary nutritional status of rural residents in Midwestern Shandong Province,in order to improve the dietary pattern and health status of them.Method 11 987 residents,from 10 273 households,were included in this study by multi-stage randomized cluster sampling in 8 counties located in Midwestern Shandong Province.Questionnaire of Food Frequency (QFF) was applied to collect the information about the amount and frequency of food consumed by the subjects in the past year.Results The average intake of cereal,vegetable,fruit,meat,egg,milk,bean,oil and salt per reference man per day was 553.9 g,310.6 g,58.2 g, 36.3 g,50.1 g,16.7 g,34.4 g,44.8 g and 12.3 g,respectively.The average intake of energy,carbohydrate,protein,fat and dietary fiber per reference man per day was 12 095.6 kJ,451.8 g,85.6 g,78.8 g and 18.7 g as well Cereal food provides 66.1% of total energy; however,the meat provides only 6.6% of that.Carbohydrate,protein and fat amount to around 63.2%,12.0% and 24.8% of total energy, respectively.24.0% of fat intake was from animal food,while 76% of that was from vegetable food.Conclusions The intake of energy, protein,fat was sufficient for these subjects;however,the intake of vegetable,fruit,bean and meat was lower than the dietary reference intake.Moreover,oil and salt intake in these subjects was much higher than Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intakes.Thus,the amelioration of dietary pattern in rural residents will be an important task for nutrition workers in rural area of Midwestern part of Shandong Province in the future.

0.05),12 h(96.33?76.09),24 h(98.63?75.73),48 h(100.77?69.48) post-CPB were significantly lower than that of pre-CPB(125.53?70.85)(t=2.316,2.139,2.058 Pa0.05).Conclusions The early damage of lung function after CPB is obviously in infants.Accurate management of circulation and respiration are important for reducing acute lung injury and improving pulmonary function.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic features,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment of sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation(SANT). Methods The clinical data,pathologic characteristics,immunophenotype and postoperative follow-up of SANT were analysed. Results There were no specific findings in the clinical manifestations of the 4 cases of SANT.Grossly,the cut surface of the masses was gray-white and vague nodularity was observed.Microscopically,it was characterized by the multinodular angiomatoid appearance in a fibrosclerotic stroma.The nodules were composed of slit-like,sinusoid-like vascular spaces and were interspersed with a population of spindly or ovoid cells.It was revealed by immunohistochemistry that the expression of CD34 in some vessels' endothelial cells was positive,and CD8 was negative.While in another vessels' endothelial cells,CD8 was positive and CD34 was negative.The expression of SMA,Actin,Vimentin,Collage IV and CD68 was positive in all of the 4 cases,while that of CD21,Desmin and NSE was negative.No relapse or metastasis was found during the follow-up.Conclusion SANT is a rarely encountered benign lesion of the spleen,which should be distinguished from the malignant tumor of the spleen.The diagnosis counts on the pathologic and immunohistochemical findings.It could be cured by splenectomy with a favourable prognosis.

BACKGROUND:Vascular endothelial cel s participate in the coagulation cascade reaction or contraction of blood vessels by secreting abundant coagulating substances that promote coagulation. OBJECTIVE:To overview the effects of different coagulating substances secreted by vascular endothelial cel s, and provide theoretical basis for the screening of coagulant biomaterials. METHODS:A computer-based research in CNKI and PubMed databases was performed for relevant literatures addressing vascular endothelial cel s and its secreting coagulating substances published from 1988 to 2016 using the keywords of“vascular endothelial cel s, endothelin, Ang II, TXA2, tissue factor, col agen, fibronectin, von wilbrand factor, thrombospondin, platelet activating factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor, proaccelerin, antihemophlic factor”in English and Chinese, respectively. Final y 36 articles were enrol ed for result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Vascular endothelial cel s can secrete numerous coagulation factors that play important roles in the process of coagulation, inflammation reaction and thrombosis fol owing vascular injury. Among them, coagulation factor V and VIII are directly involved in the coagulation cascade reaction and promote thrombosis. In the meanwhile, the vasoconstrictors narrow the lumen, thereby assisting coagulation and promoting thrombosis indirectly. Subject headings:Endothelial Cel s;Blood Coagulation Factors;Endothelins;Tissue Engineering

Objective To characterize the metabolic kinetics of aloe emodin in human liver microsomes(HLM)and rat liver microsomes(RLM)and identify the CYP phenotyping of phase-metabolism. Methods Aloe emodin was incubated at 37° with HLM and RLM in the presence or absence of NADPH, UDGPA or NADPH+UDGPA. The remaining aloe emodin was determined with a validated LC-MS/MS method to assess the metabolic stability and enzymatic kinetics. A panel of rCYP isoforms(CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4)and HLM with specific inhibitors of CYP isoforms were used to identify the CYP phenotyping of aloe emodin. Results In HLM and RLM, aloe emodin was metabolically eliminated in the presence of NADPH, with 85.8% and 81.7% of the parent compounds eliminated in 30 min, respectively. The t1/2 were(10.3±0.3)and(11.5±3.3)min, and the CLint were(420.1±10.9) and(573.4±188.2)ml/(min·kg), respectively. The apparent Km and Vmax for HLM and RLM were obtained and found to be(2.4±0.9) and(3.9±1.4)µmol/L, (1492±170.5)and(2783±595.8)nmol/(min·g protein), respectively. In RLM with UDPGA, 38.5% of aloe emodin was metabolized in 30 min with t1/2 of 31.6 min and CLint of(197.1±15.5)ml/(min·kg). The results of CYP phenotyping indicated that CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C19 and 3A4 were the major enzymes involved in the metabolism of aloe emodin. By using the method of total normalized rate, the contributions of the major enzymes were assessed to be 35.4%, 6.6%, 2.2% and 21.9%, respectively. Conclusion Aloe emodin is mainly eliminated by CYP mediated metabolism in HLM and RLM. CYP1A2 and 3A4 are the major responsible enzymes of aloe emodin, and the contributions are above 20%. Species differences in liver metabolism of aloe emodin are observed. It undergoes notable glucuronidation in RLM only.

In this paper, the question about automatic brightness control for x-ray imaging systems based on CCD camera is discussed, and the structure and principle of an auto brightness control loop are analyzed along with the working procedure of the x-ray imaging system. A kind of digital brightness controller about a typical device and the designing idea of the computer brightness intelligent control software is introduced.
Algorithms ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Radiation Protection ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; Radiography ; instrumentation ; X-Ray Intensifying Screens