The Bland-Altman method has been widely used for consistency evaluation in the field of medicine .However, fre-quent errors in the application of the method seriously affect the quality of researches .This review focuses on the studies of the Bland-Altman method , the status quo and common problems in its application , and standards for related reports .

Objective: To study the relationship between NO, NOS and TNF-? of serum and surgical infection. Methods: We used chemistry technique and ELISA to study serum NO, NOS and TNF-? in 30 cases of surgical infection.Results: Compared with normal group and before treatment group NO, NOS and TNF-? were singnificantly higher in surgical infection(P

Objective To identify the conflict management strategies of staff nurses in Macau. Methods The Thomas -Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI)was employed in the study to investigate the conflict management strategies of a convenience sample of 140 staff nurses who were pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (Supplementary) Programme in Macau. Results The most commonly used strategy by staff nurses in Macau for conflict management was accommodation, followed by avoidance, then compromise. In contrast, the least often used strategy was competition. Conclusions Chinese culture as well as nursing education background should be fully considered when developing the training plan of conflict man -agement strategies for staff nurses in Macau.

Intelligentized muti-functional limb treatment and rehabilitation based on micro-computer is introduced in this paper. It is mainly used for rehabilitation in the disablement of limb. The range speed and training time can be automatically controlled. Training parameter and result can be monitored on computer. The apparatus has the advantages of high reliability, easy operation and compact design. It is a new kind of intelligent limb rehabilitation.

Concentration of blood free-radicals in 19 normal subjects and 35 patients with NIDDM was estimated by electron spin resonance spectrometer. Serum lipid peroxide (Lpo) and vitamin E were measured with biochemical methods. As compared with controls, patients with NIDDM had significantly higher blood free-radical level and serum Lpo level. The results suggested that the metabolism of free-radicals was disturbed in NIDDM.

Objective The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of taxol plus fluorouracil(TF)chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods 55 patients with ad- vanced gastric cancer were treated with TF schedule.A treatment cycle lasted 21 days.The efficacy was eval- uated after 2～3 cycles of the chemotherapy.Results These 55 patients were evaluated the efficacy and the toxicity.The total efficiency rate of TF schedule was 45.45 %.Clinical Benefit Response(CBR)were evaluated in 35 patients.Ache remission rate was 86.6 %.The main side effect of toxicity was neutropenia.The total re- sponse neutropenia is 56.4 %.The aboveⅢstage was 10.9 %.The rate of nausea and vomiting was 43.6 %. Conclusion The combination of taxol and fluorouracil is a high response protocol with mild toxicity.TF schedule has high efficiency for advanced gastric cancer,especially for the patients who had had chemothera- py with fluorouracil.

Objective To investigate the effects of loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP) on preg- nancy and delivery outcome in patients with CIN3.Methods Fifty-eight patients with CIN3 who were considering future pregnancies underwent LEEP from January 2003 to December 2006,and their following reproductive perfor- mances and delivery outcomes were observed.Results The mean time of the follow-up survey was 21 months(range from 6～42 months).There were 34 cases getting intrauterine pregnancies and 4 cases getting ectopic pregnancies. Among the 34 cases of intrauterine pregnancies,4 terminated by induced abortion and 1 by delayed abortion in early stage.21 cases delivered termed baby vaginally and 7 underwent cesarean section.No cervical dystocia had been re- ported.No disease recurrence had been found until the end of follow-up survey.Conclusion Loop electrosurgical ex- cision procedure is a safe and effective treatment for patients with CIN3.It will not effect the pregnancy and delivery outcome after LEEP.

The Paks (p21-activated kinases) are members of a family of serine/threonine kinases which are highly conserved throughout evolution in a variety of organisms. Paks can be activated by a variety of upstream signaling molecules, especially by Rac and Cdc42 from Rho family small G proteins. The activated Paks play an important role in regulating many signaling pathways and cell function. The aberrant expression of Paks has been observed in a variety of cancers. Paks promote tumorigenesis through regulating cytoskeleton remodeling, cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, mitosis and angiogenesis. It appears promising to consider Paks as potential therapeutic targets in cancer therapy. Copyright © 2012 by TUMOR.

Objective: To investigate the influence of TTS-12, a steroid saponin from Tribulus terrestris L., on the formation of Candida albicans biofilm, and to discuss the possible mechanism. Methods: The inhibition of C. albicans biofilm formation by TTS -12 was observed by confocal scanning laser microscopy; XTT method was used to investigate the influence of different concentrations of TTS-12 on C. albicans biofilm formation. The water-hydrocarbon two-phase assay was used to measure the cell surface hydrophobicity of C. albicans treated with different concentrations of TTS-12. The expression of CSH1 mRNA was measured by real-time RT-PCR. Results: Compared with control group, TTS-12 treatment resulted in loose C. albicans biofilm, and it dose-dependently inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation. The cell surface hydrophobicity in the TTS-12-treated groups was lower than that in the control group; consistent with this, TTS-12-treated cells also expressed significantly lower levels of CSH1 mRNA than cells in control group (P<0. 01). Conclusion: TTS-12 may inhibit the formation of C. albicans biofilm through inhibiting CSHI gene expression.

Objective: To explore and obtain the isolation and culture methods of the highly purified primary rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). Methods: The brains of 10 3-week-old Wistar rats were harvested by decapitation, removing the white matter and mincing into approximately 1 mm3. A highly purified brain microvascular fragments were obtained through enzymatic digestion twice, 20% bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 33% continuous Percoll density gradient centrifugation. They were incubated into gelatin-coated 35 mm dish plates and the endothelial medium containing 4 μg/ml puromycins was added. The medium was renewed after 2 days. The endothelial cell growth and its morphology were observed using an inverted microscope. The expression of BMECs markers factor VIII-related antigen (vWF) was detected by immunocytoehemical method and was identified. Results: The endothelial cells grew out around the adherent brain microvascular fragments after culturing for 24 hours, and the cells were spindle-shaped. A fusion was formed after 5 to 6 days. BMECs after the fusion showed a typical "cobblestone-like" appearance. Immunocytochemical analysis showed the vWF expression of BMECs was positive, while the glial fibrillary protein (GFAP) expression was negative. The purity of BMVECs reached more than 96%. Conclusion: This method may successfully obtain the highly purified rat primary BMECs.