?ln recent years, the number of patients with diabetes increase rapidly. Diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) , one of the complications of diabetes, is also the important aspect of current and future prevention of blindness in our country. Now, more and more scholar have noticed the important role of immune inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. ln this article, we reviewed the role of interleukin-6 ( lL-6 ) in diabetic retinopathy.

Scapulohumeral Periarthritis, which mostly occurs on middle aged or senior citizens, can be simply described as inflammation in shoulder joint. Due to various reasons, the tendon, ligament, joint capsule of shoulder joint appear edemas, effusion, conglutination, and then shoulder joint becomes painful, the movements get limited, even muscles atrophy. Its clinical diagnosis mainly depends on clinical manifestation and iconography check. Digital- pressing, Pulling, Kneading, Rotating Manipulation can achieve good effect in the treatment. The manipulation includes Digital pressing the points, poking the tendons, kneading and moving the arms. Each step can be divided into more details. Digital-pressing, Pulling, Kneading, Rotating is the combination of traditional violent tear and extending knead, with the features of firmness and flexibility, firmness and infirmness integration. It enables the conglutinated tendon and ligament to peel off, improve the blood circulation of the tissues around the shoulder joint, accelerate the absorption of the effusion and can effectively prevent recurrence. During the manipulation, no complications have been found. This method requires averagely 7 treatments for each Scapulohumeral Periarthritis patient. The curative ratio is 75.3%. It has the characteristics of short-term treatment and good curative effect.

More than one hundred strains of marine molds have been isolated from the sediment and the sample of seawater collected from the South China Sea. By the first screening, more than 30 strains of marine molds which can inhibit tested fungi such as Candida albicans and Fursarium sp. were obtained.The results of the second screening showed those strains designed as B 4#-6、B 4#-3、1-B 6-6、1-B 6-10-5、1-B 6-22、C 2#-5、A 2-9 and 1-B 6-10 can produced extracelluar antifungi metabolic products and the crude extract of the strains 1-B 6-10-5 and B 4#-3 can inhibit the growth of many other species of fungi.

Objective To explore the relationship between serum leptin level and the hypothalamuspituitary-gonad ( HPG) axis in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa ( AN). Methods Sixteen newly diagnosed female adolescents with AN in Shanghai and Zhejiang province were investigated, and their serum leptin, FSH, LH and body composition were measured before and after 18 weeks treatment, and their menorrhea cycles were observed. The rhythm of 24 h serum leptin secretion was studied in 4 patients with AN. Twenty-six, healthy females with normal weight and without contraceptive medication were studied as controls. Results (1) All of 16 patients had amenorrhea, 3 primary amenorrhea and 13 secondary amenorrhea. At admission LH in 14 patients and FSH in 12 patients were below the low limit of the normal reference range (1.5 U/L and 4. 6 U/L respectively), and among them 5 patiend had both 15% weight gain and significantly increased serum leptin level (P

OBJECTIVETo explore the time law of electroacupuncture in regulation of circadian rhythms of the organism.

METHODSEffects of electroacupuncture at "Shenshu" (BL 23) at Zi, Wu, Mao and You periods on circadian rhythms of locomotor activity and core body temperature in hamsters were observed with chronobiological research methods.

RESULTSElectroacupuncture at Wu period could decrease the amplitude of locomotor activity rhythm (P < 0.05), at Mao period could delay the peak phase of circadian rhythm and at You period could advance the peak phase of circadian rhythm (both P < 0.05); and electroacupuncture at Mao period could delay 22.36 degrees and at You period advance 39.32 degrees for the rhythm peak of the circadian rhythm of core body temperature.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture has a certain effect on circadian rhythm of locomotor activity and core body temperature.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Body Temperature ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Circadian Rhythm ; Cricetinae ; Motor Activity

OBJECTIVETo discuss the perioperative management of hemophiliacs A with orthopaedic complications.

METHODSTo regulate the injection of factor VIII concentrate in peroperative period by testing the level of factor VIII:C in 27 cases. The lever of factor VIII:C was improved to 30% - 50% at the day before the operation. To the severe patients, it was maintained at 58.5% - 89.3% during the operation and at 47.0% - 78.4% in postoperation. While to the gentle, it was maintained at 38.5% - 52.5% during the operation and at 29.2% - 52.3% in postoperation. The individualized surgical procedures were carried out, such as arthrocentesis, open knee synovectomy or arthroscopic synovectomy, evacuation or curettage of haematoma, debridements, internal fixation.

RESULTSAll patients were cured in 14 - 105 days by regulating the injection of factor VIII during the peroperative period. The usage of factor VIII was 1 200 - 70 250 IU.

CONCLUSIONWhile the hemophiliacs have orthopaedic complications, it is necessary to promise the factor VIII:C being maintained at the lever of hemostasis during the peroperative period. The hemophiliacs are endurable to the operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Factor VIII ; administration & dosage ; Fractures, Bone ; complications ; surgery ; Hemarthrosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Hematoma ; etiology ; surgery ; Hemophilia A ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Perioperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; blood

Objective To reconstruct a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of human nasal cavity, and make comparison analysis with acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry. Methods One healthy volunteer was performed CT scanning of nasal cavity, three dimensional CFD model was established by Simplant 10.0 and Gambit 2.3.16, and Fluent 6.3.2 was employed to simulate the airflow of nasal cavity. Acoustic rhinometer was used to assess the area of nasal cavity, rhinomanometry was adopted to measure the airflow and intranasal pressure drop during inspiration, and the results were compared with those obtained from CFD model. Results Cross section area of nasal cavity obtained from CFD model matches well with that measured by acoustic rhinometer within 30 mm distance from nostril, while the latter was larger than the former beyond 50 mm distance from nostril. The trend of intranasal pressure drop at different airflows measured by CFD model was the same as that measured by rhinomanometry, while the transnasal pressure obtained by CFD model was lower than that recorded by rhinomanometry. Conclusion CFD model can accurately simulate the shape of nasal cavity and measure the parameters of intranasal airflow, which helps to understand the airflow characteristics of nasal cavity.

AIMTo study the effect of lidocaine-dodecanol binary eutectic system on the transdermal permeation of lidocaine.

METHODSBinary eutectic mixture of different proportions of lidocaine and dodecanol were prepared and the patch containing the binary eutectic mixture was developed. The solubilities of pure lidocaine and lidocaine from the binary eutectic system were determined in pH 7.9 phosphate buffer. The transdermal flux of lidocaine from the patches containing the binary eutectic system and pure lidocaine were measured using Franz-type single diffusion cell.

RESULTSThe melting point of the lidocaine-dodecanol binary eutectic system was markedly lower than that of pure lidocaine. The steady state transdermal flux of lidocaine from the patch of the binary eutectic system was six times as much as that of pure lidocaine patch.

CONCLUSIONThe lidocaine-dodecanol binary eutectic system could produce high thermodynamic activity of the drug and the high driving force for transdermal permeation of lidocaine.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Anesthetics, Local ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Dodecanol ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Stability ; Guinea Pigs ; Lidocaine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Skin Absorption ; Solubility

OBJECTIVETo investigate synergistic killing effect of anti-human DR5 (death receptor 5 of TRAIL) monoclonal antibody (mDRA-6) and adriamycin(Adr) on HL-60 cells.

METHODSmDRA-6 was prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice with DR5 protein. DR5 expression on Adr-treated HL-60 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Morphologic changes of HL-60 cells were observed under fluorescence microscope. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of mDRA-6 and Adr on HL-60 cells were measured by MTT analysis. DNA fragmentation was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis.

RESULTSAdr induce DR5 expression on HL-60 cells. Cell budding, chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation were observed in HL-60 cells treated by mDRA-6 and Adr. Death and apoptosis of these cells and DNA ladder were exhibited on agarose gel electrophoresis.

CONCLUSIONmDRA-6 and Adr have synergistic killing effect on HL-60 cells.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; immunology ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; immunology

AIMTo study the pharmacokinetics of bromotetrandrine (W198) in rats and beagle dogs.

METHODSThe concentrations of W198 in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detection.

RESULTSThe pharmacokinetic parameters of W198 after single iv doses of W198 10, 20 and 40 mg x kg(-1) in rats were as follows: T1/2beta were 6.60, 7.36 and 6.77 h, AUC0-24 h were 3.797, 7.371 and 15.192 mg x h x L(-1), Vd were 7.14, 4.33 and 4.13 L x kg(-1), CL were 2.83, 2.60 and 2.71 L x (kg x h)(-1), respectively. The T1/2beta and AUCo-24 h of W198 after single im dose of W198 20 mg x kg(-1) in rats were 11.61 h and 12.646 mg x h x L(-1). The im bioavailability of W198 in rats was 56.9%. The T1/2beta, AUC0-24 h, Vd and CL of W198 after single iv dose of W198 5 mg x kg(-1) in beagle dogs were 11.72 h, 12.646 mg x h x L(-1), 0.70 L x kg(-1) and 0.46 L x (kg x h)(-1), respectively. The plasma protein binding ratio of W198 with human serum protein was 78.0%.

CONCLUSIONThe absorption of W198 in rats was of first order kinetics.

Alkaloids ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Benzylisoquinolines ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Biological Availability ; Blood Proteins ; metabolism ; Dogs ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Species Specificity