Objective: In order to solve the problem of ginkgolide B (GB) for preparing the intravenous injection dosage form, such as it’s low solubility, rapid elimination in vivo and poor stability in long-term storage, a novel biodegradable polysaccharide polymer was used as a carrier to encapsulate GB into nanoparticles with sustained-release profile, which then was freeze dried for keep its stability. Methods: GB nanoparticles (GB-NP) were prepared by coacervation method with hydrophilicity polymer. The Design-Expert 8.0 software was applied for experimental design. The formulation was finalized by investigating the concentration of GB, the mass ratio of GB to polymer, and the pH of the polymer solution with size and polydispersity indexas the evaluation parameters. The optimum formulation and technique were selected by response surface method. Then the nanoparticle suspension was further freeze dried and in vitro release behavior was tested in PBS containing 30% ethanol. Results: The optimum prescription conditions were as follows: the concentration of GB was 1.5 mg/mL, the ratio of GB mass to polymer mass was 0.1 and the polymer solution pH was set at 5.0. The entrapment efficiency was (99.64 ± 0.45)% with the drug loading ratio of (9.04 ± 0.04)%. Average particle size of GB-NP was (192.8 ± 2.8) nm with a preferable PDI of 0.18 ± 0.03. The freeze-drying conditions were described as follows: using 1% mannitol as freeze- drying supporting agent, the solution of GB-NP was pre-frozen for 12 h at −80 ℃ and dried for 24 h at −40 ℃. The release behavior of free GB was rapid with the cumulative release rate reaching (64.74 ± 3.95)% during the first hour, while the cumulative release rate of GB in nanoparticles was (36.90 ± 1.41)% during the first hour. Conclusion: The GB-NP using this special biodegradable polysaccharide polymer can improve GB’s dissolution behavior in water and make GB sustained release in vitro, which is beneficial for preparing GB’s intravenous injection dosage form.

As the first national“preventive treatment of disease”preventive healthcare service pilot, Changning District in Shanghai has carried out the construction of TCM preventive healthcare service platform under the guidance of district leaders from 2009. By introducing the construction process and implementation key points of the pilot linkage patten of medical institution and social healthcare institutions in Changning District, this article put forward the construction ideas of “Platform for Regional Traditional Chinese Medicine Preventive Healthcare Service”, and further proposed challenges and opportunities for deepening reforms.

Insulin pumps go by the name of the second revolution of treatment for diabetes. The result of DCCT publicized in 1993, insulin pumps have been popularized in the world, including China. This article introduces such about insulin pumps as its history, actuality, development trend, advantages and disadvantages.

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection ( SSI ) in patients with colorectal cancer .Methods Clinical data of patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgical treatment in Jiaxing First Municipal People’ s Hospital from October 2011 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.The gender, age, underlying diseases, smoking history, preventive medication, abdominal surgery history , type of surgery , preoperative levels of hemoglobin and albumin , use of laparoscopy, use of stapler, combined organ resection, TNM staging, American Society of Anesthesiologists ( ASA) score was documented .Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of SSI .Results A total of 773 patients were enrolled in the study , and SSI was observed in 144 cases (18.63%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that use of laparoscopy ( OR =0.35, 95%CI:0.15-0.79,P <0.05), use of stapler (OR =0.59, 95% CI: 0.39-0.88,P <0.05) were protective factors for SSI, while diabetes (OR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.25-3.58,P<0.01), liver cirrhosis (OR=2.12,95%CI:1.18-3.79,P<0.05), ASA score (3-4 points) (OR=2.01,95%CI:1.20-3.58, P<0.01), combined organ resection (OR=2.17,95% CI:1.20-3.92,P<0.05), and anastomotic leak (OR=6.85, 95%CI:3.01-15.63,P<0.01) were risk factors for SSI.Conclusions The incidence of SSI is high in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgery .Use of laparoscopy and stapler may reduce the incidence of SSI .

Objective To express in prokaryotic system and to analyze the antigenic specificity of EB virus(EBV) latent membrane protein 2(LMP2) multi-epitopes gene rich of T cell and B cell epitopes.Methods Using on-line prediction service, T cell epitopes and B cell epitopes of EB virus latent membrane protein 2 were predicted. The genes rich of CTL and th cell epitopes were selected as the candidate gene sequences, while B cell epitopes around them were taken into account. The finial selected multi-epitope gene was synthesized after being optimized according to prokaryotic codon bias and inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pET32a( + ) to get the recombinant plasmid: pET32a( + )/EBV-LMP2 multi-epitopes. After transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) and induced by IPTG, the target multi-epitopes gene can be expressed as Trx-His fusion protein. The expression products can be identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Moreover, rabbit serum antibody to EBV membrane protein and nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) patient serum were used respectively to detect the antigenic specificity of the multi-epitopes. Meanwhile, 6-8 weeks female BALB/c mice were immunized with EBV-LMP2 multi-epitope at 2 week intervals, three times in all, Trx-His protein and PBS were set as the control groups. At the second week after the last immunization, the mice were sacrificed. LDH and indirect ELISA were taken to detect the specific spleen CTL activityand specific IgG in serum, which reflected the immunogenicity of the EBV-LMP2 multi-epitope. Results Two amino acid sequences which locate at the LMP2 (aa195 -232 ) and LMP2 (aa419-436 ) were selected and connected in series to be the target gene. The recombinant plasmid containing EBV-LMP2 multi-epitope gene successfully constructed and the target protein was expressed in E. coli BL21 ( DE3 ). The relative molecular mass(Mr) of The expression products is about 27 × 103 , which matches up to the expected Mr. The antigenic specificity of the multi-epitopes protein was identified by Western blot and the multi-epitopes protein also can be detected by rabbit serum antibody to EBV membrane protein and NPC patient serum respectively. In the result of the animal experiment, EBV-LMP2 multi-epitope was able to induce the specific CTL activity in BALB/c mice. With the increasing of the effector: target ( E: T) 1: 5,1: 10, 1: 25, the CTL activity was also increased wih( 12.52% + 2.59% ), (21.80% + 1.08% ), (23.68% + 3.74% ) respectively; EBV-LMP2 multi-epitope was able to induce LMP2-specific antibody response(A490 =0.258 +0.040) as compared with Trx-His protein(A490 =0.095 +0.011) and PBS(A490 =0.068 +0.014,P＜0.05＝. Conclusion The EBV-LMP2 multi-epitopes gene was designed successfully and expressed precisely in prokaryotic expression system with good antigenicity and immunogenicity.

Objective To study the radiographic features of the chordoid glioma and its differential diagnosis,and increase neuroradiologists'awareness of this newly described tumor,facilitating prospective diagnosis.Methods Three patients with chordoid glioma were reviewed retrospectively to determine whether any characteristic radiographic findings and clinical-pathologic findings would emerge,and the relevant literatures were reviewed.Routine CT(2 cases)and MR(3 cases),contrast-enhanced MR(3 cases)were performed.Results The masses were well circumscribed and located in the region of the hypothalamus/third ventricle-suprasellar region(2 cases)and intrasuprasellar region(1 case).Tumors were isointense to gray matter on CT scans and were isointense or hypointense on T_1WI and hyperintense on T_2WI.In two patients,vasogenic edema extended into the optic tracts and cystic or necrotic area was seen.All cases were remarkably enhanced following contrast administration.Conclusions Radiologic findings of the chordoid glioma has some unique features.Tumor,in the region of the hypothalamus-third ventricle-suprasellar region,if it is well circumscribed and remarkably enhancing following contrast administration,should be included in the differential diagnosis.

Objective To learn the present efficiency of medical equipments at public hospitals in Liaoning province, and provide scientific basis for rational distribution of such resources, and for control of medical expenses.Methods Data envelop analysis (DEA) was used to appraise the deployment efficiency of 2 784 such equipments worth over 100 000 yuan per unit, with equipments randomly sampled from 31 public hospitals in the province.Results The equipment deployment at public hospitals in Liaoning was found at a low level.9.7% of the hospitals were found as relatively efficient, 3.2% of them as in relatively weak efficiency, while 87.1% of them relatively inefficient.Gaps were found between urban hospitals and tertiary hospitals, and rural hospitals and secondary hospitals in their deployment efficiency, as evidenced in overinvestment of equipments and insufficiency of competent operators.Conclusions Hospitals should strengthen their scientific management of the equipments, and emphasize human resource investment, thus elevating the efficiency of equipment deployment.

Tumor metastasis is one of the important biological characteristics of malignant tumor,which is closely related with the prognosis of the cancer patients.High expression of ADAM8 in varieties of tumors was revealed in many recent studies,and such aberrant expression played a crucial role in regulating of tumor metastasis.Studies showed that overexpression of ADAM8 attenuated the intercellular adhesion effect,promoted tumor angiogenesis,and enhanced the degradation of ECM as well as the releasing of cytokines.Therefore,suppression of ADAM8 may lead to inhibition of tumor metastasis,which makes ADAM8 a particular attractive target as it can be used as a prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target of malignant tumor.A review about the relations between ADAM8 protein′s abnormal expression and tumor occurrence was discussed in this paper,also include discussion about the mechanisms of ADAM8 protein′s disorder-induced tumor formation,as well as therapeutic strategies based on ADAM8-targeted,which may provide references for follow-up research and clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of infusion-related adverse events in third-party cord blood stem cell infusion. Methods A total of 305 patients successfully underwent haploidentical stem cell transplantation combined with the third-party cord blood(CB) infusion,were recruited by convenience sampling from January 2013 to December 2015,in hematological department of a tertiary hospital in Suzhou. A self-developed questionnaire and adverse event assessment scale were used to investigate the influencing factors. Results The rate of infusion-related adverse events was 49.51%,81.82% were related to cardiovascular adverse events with the high-est rate of hypertension(76.14%). Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.030,95CI%:1.010-1.051),HLA matching between CB and receptor (OR=0.589,95%CI:0.413-0.838),thawed CB cell activity (OR=1.064,95%CI:1.015-1.115)were major influencing factors. Conclusion Nurses should pay attention to patients who are elderly,with low matching HLA and receive thawed CB product with high cell activities,and provide timely nursing care in advance.

The study on tumor metabolism has been gradually be-come a hot spot in recent years .A lot of proteins involved in the regulation of tumor metabolism especially the glucose transporter protein 1(GLUT1).As a key regulatory factor mediating energy metabolism within tumor cells , GLUT1 can regulate the glucose intake and maintain the basic level of metabolism in tumor cells . More importantly, the abnormal expression of GLUT1 was asso-ciated with many kinds of tumors , of which GLUT1 was used to meet the energy requirement for the fast growth of tumor .Thus GLUT1 also played a crucial role in growth , differentiation and metastasis of tumor cells and prognosis of tumors .Meanwhile , as three-dimensional crystal structure of GLUT 1 was determined , it is possible to design the small molecular inhibitors of GLUT 1, which can realize “starve to death” tumor cells.GLUT1 can be a particularly attractive target for tumor treatment and interfer-ence.The relationship between abnormal expression of GLUT 1 protein and tumor metabolism was reviewed . Moreover , the mechanism of tumor metabolism regulated by GLUT 1 protein ex-pression and treatment of cancers were discussed , which may provide references for future research and clinical treatment .