Objective:It was a part of an overall study of the clinical research literature about ischemic cerebrovascular disease treated by various acupuncture techniques,namely "restoring consciousness and inducing resuscitation technique","needling Baihui(DU20) through Qubin(GB7)","Jiao’s three-needle technique" and "temporal three-needle technique".The papers collection for analysis were designed on the random,control and blind methods.Methods: A data bank was set up with Access 2003.A statistical analysis was made for the method of employing ratio and constituent ratio about the research literature mamaged with the ramdom,control and blind methods.Results: The ratio of those that were designed randomly is as follows: the "restoring consciousness and inducing resuscitation technique"(50%),"needling Baihui(DU20) through Qubin(GB7)"(100%)(Only two articles meet the request and futher exploration is needed),and the "temporal three-needle technique"(50%).And the "Jiao’s three-needle technique"(40%).The ratio of those that were designed with the control method is as follows: the "restoring consciousness and inducing resuscitation technique"(60%),"needling Baihui(DU20) through Qubin(GB7)"(100%)(Only two articles meet the request and further exploration is needed,the "temporal three-needle technique"(75%),and "Jiao’s three-needle technique"(70%).The blind method was not used.Conclusion: It is suggested that the three methods should be stressed in the study of acupuncture in the treatment of ischemic cerebrocvascular disease.Only in this way,can there be a maximum comparability and the sampling error is decreased.The bias due to subjective factors of the researchers and subjects can be overcome.

Objective To observe the expression and significance of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 in liver tissues of rats with hepatic fibrosis and the effects of TGF-β1 vaccine on the expressions of HIF-1α,MMP-9 and TGF-β1.Methods The hepatic fibrosis rat model was set up by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN).The rat model was injected with TGF-β1 vaccine.The expressions of HIF-1α,MMP-9 and TGF-β1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in rat fibrosis tissues after 6 weeks.Results The expressions of HIF-1α,MMP-9 and TGF-β1 in fibrosis model group and TGF-β1 vaccine group were all significantly higher than control group(P＜0.01),which was positively correlated with the fibrosis degree(r=0.911,0.814 and 0.836,respectively,P＜0.01).However,the expressions of HIF-1α,MMP-9 and TGF-β1 in TGF-β1 vaccine group were all significantly decreased than fibrosis model group (t=2.62,4.03,3.43;P＜0.01).Conclusion During the development of liver fibrosis,HIF-1α promotes the transcriptions and expressions of MMP-9 and TGF-β1.

Objective To learn the relationship and operating mechanism between medical staff's loyalty and patient satisfaction.Methods Medical staff and inpatients of a tertiary hospital in Nanjing were sampled at a 1:2 ratio for study,with 840 questionnaires released and 269 valid questionnaires recovered;medical staff service quality as perceived by inpatients served as the intermediate variable,with Mplus7.0 used to build a structural formula model for an empirical study of the relationship between staff loyalty and patient satisfaction.Results Staff loyalty exerts certain positive influence on patient satisfaction and staff service quality ( P < 0.001 ); service quality also exerts some positive influence on patient satisfaction (P<0.001);staff loyalty indirectly exerts positive influence(P<0.001)via the service quality as perceived by patients(mediation effect value 0.364 > direct effect value 0.143).Conclusions Structural formula model can reveal the relationship and extent of the influence of staff loyalty on patient satisfaction.This indicates that hospitals should enhance the loyalty,medical competence and communication skills of their medical staff for higher patient satisfaction.

To compare the differences of the active ingredient contents and the sulfur dioxide residue in Astragali Radix before and after sulfur fumigation and provide a basis for establishing an alternative processing method. Astragali Radix, harvested at the same time in Longxi Gansu, were processed with different methods. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the contents of the active ingredients in Astragali Radix and the revised method of the pharmacopoeia of China in 2011 was applied to determine the sulfur dioxide residue. The results show that the three-fold sulfur-fumigation group has the highest level of astragaloside IV and the dried sulfur-fumigation group with 10% water has the lowest level; the content of calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside is the highest in naturally dried group and the lowest in the group of sulfur fumigating for 3 times; the sulfur dioxide residue of all sulfur-fumigation groups exceeds certain limit significantly and the group of sulfur fumigating for 3 times reaches the highest level.
Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fumigation ; adverse effects ; Sulfur Dioxide ; analysis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

The contents of adenosine, gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, parishin and sulfur dioxide residue were compared in differently-processed Gastrodiae Rhizoma to provide the basis for a reasonable processing method of Gastrodiae Rhizoma. The analysis was performed on a Merck Purospher STAR column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) under gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The eluates were detected at 270 nm, and the column temperature was 35°C. The content of adenosin, gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and parishin in processing of boiling or sulfur-fumigated were lower than that of in processing of steaming. Furthermore, the sulfur dioxide residue of sulphur-fumigated groups exceed 400 mg x kg(-1). This stable and reliable method will contribute to the quality control of different processed Gastrodiae Rhizoma.
Drug Contamination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gastrodia ; chemistry ; Sulfur Dioxide ; analysis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Sulfur fumigation (SF) is a universal phenomenon in primary processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in modern times. In the process, fumigation, sulfur or both of them act on the TCMs. Some active components of TCMs change quantitatively or qualitatively during the processing. At the same time, the sulfur dioxide and heavy metal would remain and cause a serious influence on quality and future development of TCM. This article reviews the chemical compositions change after SF to study the change law and their influence on quality. This article provide references for SF in TCMs' processing for a better and safer quality.
Drug Contamination ; Fumigation ; methods ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Quality Control ; Sulfur ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective: To study the dynamic changes of type Th22 cell immunological response during atherosclerosis process in experimental mice in order to provide a new theoretical basis for atherosclerosis therapy. Methods: 8 weeks C57BL/6J mice were divided into 2 groups: Experiment group,n=24 ApoE-/- mice and Control group, n=24 normal mice. All animals received high fat diet and the following indexes were compared between 2 groups at 0, 4, 8, 12 weeks after treatment: aortic atherosclerotic lesions were deifned by Oil red O staining, dynamic changes of Th22 cells in spleen were measured by lfow cytometry, mRNA expressions of interleukin-22 (IL-22), IL-22R1, AhR and T-bet in aorta were examined by RT-PCR, blood levels of IL-22 was detected by ELISA. Results: Compared with Control group, Experiment group had the increased area of aortic atherosclerosis (the ratio of plaque area/lumen area) and Th22 cell (CD4+ IL-22+/CD4+T cell) amount, elevated mRNA expressions of IL-22, IL-22R1, AHR, T-bet in aorta and higher blood levels of IL-22 at all time points, the differences between each time point (except 0 week) had the statistic meaning,P<0.05. In Experiment group, the differences between 2 adjacent time points, for the area of aortic atherosclerosis and mRNA expressions of AHR, T-bet: 4 weeks vs 0 week, 8 weeks vs 4 weeks, 12 weeks vs 8 weeks all had statistic meaning; for Th22 cell amount: 4 weeks vs 0 week, 8 weeks vs 4 weeks had statistic meaning and 12 weeks vs 8 weeks had no real distinction; for mRNA expressions of IL-22, IL-22R1 and blood levels of IL-22: 4 weeks vs 0 week had statistic meaning and 8 weeks vs 4 weeks, 12 weeks vs 8 weeks had no real distinctions. Conclusion: Hyperactive immunological response of Th22 cells might be involved in atherosclerosis process, the relevant mechanism should be further studied.

Objective To develop a new mPCR method for rapid diagnosis of six types of encephalitis causing viruses of HS-VI,HSVII,VZV,EBV,EV71 and CMV.Methods Six pairs of specific primers for CMV,EV71,HSV I,VZV,EBV and HSV II were designed.The mPCR detection method was established and the sensitivity was detected.In order to verify the clinical application value of their multiplex PCR system,fifteen cerebrospinal fluid specimens of clinically suspected VE from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from 2014 to 2015 were examined by the mPCR method.Results The 6 pairs of primers did not interfere with each other,and the sensitivity of the mPCR system was over 103copies/μl.Among 15 cerebrospinal fluid specimens from patients with suspected viral encephalitis,six specimens(6/15,40%)were tested positive by the mPCR.Among them,HSV I was 5 and CMV was 1.Conclusion The mPCR method for detecting six types of en-cephalitis-associated virus at same time was established with high specificity,sensitivity and stability.

The aim of this research was to understand the influence of rhG-CSF on the sphingosine kinase (SphK) activity of monocytes. The peripheral blood monocytes were collected from 6 peripheral blood progenitor cell donors on the fifth day of mobilization with rhG-CSF and from 5 blood donors' buffy coats. The mRNA expressions of monocyte G-CSF receptor and SphK were tested with RT-PCR. The changes of SphK activity of monocytes were assayed after being treated with rhG-CSF. The results showed that the two kinds monocytes collected from both blood donors and peripheral blood progenitor cell donors mobilized with rhG-CSF expressed mRNA of G-CSF receptor and SphK. The SphK activity of monocytes collected from blood donors was not changed significantly after being treated with rhG-CSF (P > 0.05). The SphK activity of monocytes collected from peripheral blood progenitor cell donors transiently increased by (39.6 - 87.2)% after being treated by means of rhG-CSF (P < 0.05) without obviously dose-dependent effect. It is concluded that the SphK activity of monocytes collected from peripheral blood progenitor cell donors can be activated by rhG-CSF.
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; Humans ; Monocytes ; cytology ; enzymology ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins

Sulfur fumigation, which is traditional method for preservation, pest control, insecticide and sterilization, has long been widely used in processing and storage and played a positive role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). As some businesses sided pursuit of profit, abused and repeated use of sulfur fumigation, have resulted in a large number of harmful residues, such as sulf dioxide (SO2) and harmful heavy metals, which brings a significant impact and danger on human health. This article summarizes the sulfur species and the sulfur fumigation methods and analyzes the harmful substances in TCM after sulfur fumigation, to provide a reference of the choice of species for the sulfur, the optimization of sulfur fumigation process and the standardized processing of TCM after sulfur fumigation.
Animals ; Drug Contamination ; Fumigation ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Safety ; Sulfur ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods