Objectives:To investigate the effects of amylin on bone minernal density and structure parameters of bone tissue in glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis rats. Methods:Four groups of female Wistar rats (3 months old) were treated for 12 weeks as follows: ⅠNormal Control, ⅡDXM, Ⅲ DXM+AMY;Ⅳ DXM+Vitamin Da 3. By intramuscular injection of dexamethasone(XM)1mg/kg twice a week during the first 8 weeks, the animal model of Glucocorticoid induced osteopoprosis was established. After 12 weeks, BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the femural bone were measured by DEXA. The bone morphology of the lumbar vertebrae was also determined. Results:①After the treatment with AMY, bone mineral density (BMD) was significantly increased at the lumbar spine and the femural bone. ( vs. DXM group, P

Objective To analyze the effectiveness of doctor-patient communication course on improvement of doctor-patient communication ability.Methods Totally 360 eight-year program medical students of clinical medicine from Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were chosen as the research object and were divided into educational group(n＝l80) and control group(n＝180).Students in educational group study doctor-patient communication course while those in control group do not.SEGUE Framework was used to conduct exploratory research between educational group and control group.Accuracy of questionnaire database was examined by Excel software and logical test.KoImogorov-Smimov(K-S test) was applied to analyze the scores and (x ± s) was used to express the data through SPSS 16.0 statistical software.Comparison between group differences are statistically significant(P＜0.05).Results Overall score was higher in educational group than in control group.Concerning of communication initiation,infomation collection and understanding of patients,scores of educational group were significantly higher than those of control group(P=0.001,P=0.002 and P=0.007,respec-tively).Furthermnore,KoInogorov-Smimov(K-S test) and (x ± s) statistical results showed that scores of detailed items were higher in educational group than in control group as well.Conclusions Doctor-patient communication course is of great importance to help medical students practice physician-patient communication based on related knowledge learning,but course content setting remains to be further improved.

Objective: Study on the growth character of B16 melanoma cell which can express angiostatin. Methods: Angiostatin gene was constructed from human plasminogen cDNA by deletion mutation. A B16 melanoma cell clone named BAG28 which stably expresses angiostatin was established by introducing gene into it. Results: BAG28 in vitro had no changes in proliferation rate and the ability of clone formation in soft agar. Study in vitro showed that the tumor weight had reduced about 87% ( P

BACKGROUND:Animal model of infection is established using bioluminescent gene-labeled bacteria, which stimulate local environment of spine infection and reveal the pathophysiological mechanism of spine infection.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of anterior one-stage debridement, autogenous iliac bone grafting and titanium plate internal fixation in the management of pyogenic spinal infections in spine.
METHODS:Total y 24 Chinese dogs were adopted in the study to develop a canine model of acute pyogenic spondylodiscitis using a bioluminescent strain of Staphylococcus aureus Xen29. The animal models were detected by X-radiography, CT and MRI examinations. After 4 weeks of modeling, al the animals underwent one-stage debridement, autogenous iliac bone grafting and anterior titanium plate internal fixation. Antibiotics contained Cefazolin and Gentamicin were administrated daily since perioperative period to 4 weeks after surgery. The titanium plate and adjacent vertebra were removed surgical y at various postoperative time points (4, 8, 12, 24 weeks) when the dogs were kil ed. The excised tissues and retrieved implants were cultured with conventional bacteria, bacteria 16S rRNA and specific Nuc gene of Staphylococcus aureus. PCR and bioluminescence imaging technique were used to detect the presence of bacteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surgical wound was healed uneventful y. Gross observation and MRI examination of the specimens showed that there was no abscess formation or signs of infection recurrence. The infection rate was 41.7%(10/24) and 75%(18/24) in the procedure of conventional bacteria and bacteria 16S rRNA cultivation. The results showed that the sensibility of PCR technique used to detect the presence of bacteria by amplifying the highly conservative gene sequence of 16S rRNA was significantly higher than that of conventional bacterial cultivation procedure (P<0.05). The PCR detection of specific Nuc gene of Staphylococcus aureus showed the existence of Staphylococcus aureus (1/24). However, Staphylococcus aureus Xen29 with genetic marker was not detected around the implant by bioluminescence imaging technique (0/24). Al of the results showed that bacterium adhering to prosthesis in vivo is an universal phenomenon. The bacteria identified from prosthesis which was taken during the surgery and the bacteria by which the spine was infected before the surgery was not homologous. The one-stage debridement, autogenous bone grafting and anterior titanium plate internal fixation is safe and effective in the management of pyogenic spinal infections. Using of internal fixator can not lead to recurrence or persistence of infection.

The high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence micelle assay (HPLC-FMA) method for the content determination of polysorbate 80 in monoclonal antibody drugs was validated to study its applicability and transferability between various laboratories, and the feasibility to be included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Both J.T. Baker and Nanjing Well-sourced polysorbate 80 was used in the collaborative validation of polysorbate 80 content analysis in seven different laboratories. The results show that when the protein concentration was no more than 20 mg·mL^-1 and the concentration of polysorbate 80 ranged from 0.05 to 0.5 mg·mL^-1, the method had good specificity. The recovery rates of the spiked samples ranged from 92.20% to 117.70% for J.T.Baker and from 93.90% to 117.20% for Nanjing Well. The intra-laboratory precision (%RSD) was less than 4.30% for J.T. Baker, and less than 2.60% for Nanjing Well, while the overall precision was less than 5.45% for J.T. Baker, and less than 6.70% for Nanjing Well. The linear correlation coefficient was more than 0.98 for J.T. Baker and more than 0.99 for Nanjing Well. The results of the collaborative validation prove that the HPLC-FMA method has good accuracy, precision, linearity, and specificity, and could be used for release control analysis of polysorbate 80 content in monoclonal antibodies across different laboratories.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of primary testicular yolk sac tumor (YST).

METHODSWe studied 8 cases of primary testicular YST by microscopy and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe 8 cases of primary testicular YST, including 2 consultation cases, were confirmed from 1998 to 2013, accounting for 10.7% (8/75) of all the testicular germ cell tumors diagnosed in our hospital. The patients ranged in age from 7 to 43 years, 23.9 years on average. The main clinical manifestation of the patients was painless unilateral testis swelling. Microscopically, reticular tissues, schiller-duvaI (S-D) bodies, and eosin-stain transparent bodies were seen in the tumors. One of the cases was confirmed to be simple YST, while the other 7 mixed YST. AFP was a characteristic immunophenotype marker of the tumors.

CONCLUSIONPrimary testicular YST is a rare malignancyr with poor prognosis. Its diagnosis depends on preoperative AFP test and postoperative pathology. Comprehensive treatment, including orchiectomy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, can prolong the survival of the patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Orchiectomy ; Rare Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Testicular Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Young Adult

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in internal migrants is one of three threats for TB control in China. To address this threat, a project was launched in eight of the 19 districts of Shanghai in 2007 to provide transportation subsidies and living allowances for all migrant TB cases. This study aims to determine if this project contributed to improved TB control outcomes among migrants in urban Shanghai. Methods: This was a community intervention study. The data were derived from the TB Management Information System in three project districts and three non-project districts in Shanghai between 2006 and 2010. The impact of the project was estimated in a difference-in–difference (DID) analysis framework, and a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 1872 pulmonary TB (PTB) cases in internal migrants were included in the study. The treatment success rate (TSR) for migrant smear-positive cases in project districts increased from 59.9% in 2006 to 87.6% in 2010 (P < 0.001). The crude DID improvement of TSR was 18.9%. There was an increased probability of TSR in the project group before and after the project intervention period (coefficient = 1.156, odds ratio = 3.178, 95% confidence interval: 1.305–7.736, P = 0.011). Conclusion: The study showed the project could improve treatment success in migrant PTB cases. This was a short-term programme using special financial subsidies for all migrant PTB cases. It is recommended that project funds be continuously invested by governments with particular focus on the more vulnerable PTB cases among migrants.

The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) modified liposome as a vehicle for ophthalmic administration. Liposome loaded with 5-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) was prepared by lipid film hydration method. WGA was thiolated and then conjugated to the surface of the liposome via polyethylene glycol linker to constitute the WGA-modified and FAM-loaded liposome (WGA-LS/FAM). The amount of thiol groups on each WGA molecule was determined, and the bioactivity of WGA was estimated after it was modified to the surface of liposome. The physical and chemical features of the WGA-modified liposome were characterized and the ocular bioadhesive performance was evaluated in rats. The result showed that each thiolated WGA molecule was conjugated with 1.32 thiol groups. WGA-LS/FAM had a mean size of (97.40 +/- 1.39) nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.23 +/- 0.01. The entrapment efficacy of FAM was about (2.95 +/- 0.21)%, and only 4% of FAM leaked out of the liposome in 24 h. Erythrocyte agglutination test indicated that after modification WGA preserved the binding activity to glycoprotein. The in vivo ocular elimination of WGA-LS/FAM fitted first-order kinetics, and the elimination rate was significantly slower than that of the unmodified liposome, demonstrating WGA-modified liposome is bioadhesive and suitable for ophthalmic administration.
Absorption, Physicochemical ; Adhesiveness ; Administration, Ophthalmic ; Animals ; Drug Carriers ; Eye ; metabolism ; Fluoresceins ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics

Objective To study multiple cytokine mRNA expressions of bone marrow stromal cells in patients with multiple myeloma(MM),as well as to explore the role of these cytokines in the occurrence and development of MM.Methods Semi-quantitiative RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of IL- 1?,IL-6,SCF,TPO.Results The mRNA expression levels of IL-1? and IL-6 were higher than that of nor- mal controls and other hematological malignancies(P

Objective To investigate the value ofin vivo proton MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS)in the assessment of large focal hepatic tumors.Methods Fifty-three consecutive patients with 54 large(no less than 4 cm in dimneter)hepatic tumors and 19 normal volunteers were:included in this study.MRS of the 25 HCC confirmed by pathological examination,the choline-to-lipid mtios(Cho/Lip)were measured by dividing the peak area of choline at 3.2 ppm and lipid at 1.3 ppm.Differences in the ratios of normal liver,benign tumors and HCC were analyzed by Dunnett-t test.The sensitivity and specificity prof'des of 1H-MRS in the diagnosis of HCC were determined by plotting receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results The mean Cho/Lip ratios for normal liver(n=17),benign tumor(n=8),and HCC(n=25)were 0.07±0.04,0.11 ±0.06 and 0.55±0.17,respectively(F=6.58,P＜0.05).A significant statistical difference was found in the mean Cho/Lip ratios between HCC and benign liver tumors or normal liver(t=2.99,2.32;P＜0.05).But there wag no difference between benign hepatic tumors and norlnal liver(t=1.53,P＞0.05).The ROC curve showed proton MRS had moderate discriminating ability in diagnosing HCC.The area under the curve was 0.77. If 0.1 was chosen ns the cut-off value for diagnosing HCC with MRS,the sensitivity and specificity for HCC were 80.0%and 62.59b,respectively.Conclusion In vivo proton MRS is technically feasible for the evaluation of focal hepatic lesions,and may be useful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of HCC by providing metabolic ifformafion.