Objective To study the clinicopathological significance of Skp2 and E2F1 in the rhinosinus squamous cell carcinoma and chronic sinusitis. Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of Skp2 and E2F1 in the routinely paraffin-embed-ded sections of specimens from patients with rhinosinus squamoas cell carcinoma (n=49), chronic sinusitis (n=28). Results The expres-sive positive rates and scores of Skp2 and E2F1 in rhinosinus sqnamous cell carcinoma were significantly higher than those in chronic sinusitis (P<0.01). The expression positive rates and scores were significantly decreased in middle-differentiated rhinosinus squamous cell carcino-ma. The maximal diameter of mass was less than 3cm, and no-metastasis of lymphnode or no-infiltration of regional rhinosinus can be found in T1N0M0. While in the low-differentiated rhinosinus squamous cell carcinoma, the maximal diameter of mass was larger than 3cm, and metasta-sis of lymphnode or infiltration of regional rhinosinus can be found(T3N1M0,T3N2M0) (P<0.01). The closely positive correlation was found between the expression of Skp2 and E2F1 in the rhinosinus squamoas cell carcinoma. Conclusions Skp2 and E2F1 might be important biologi-cal markers for carcinogenesis, progression, biological behaviors and prognosis of rhinosinus squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of combined acupuncture and medicine in treating cervical spondylotic radiculopathy with syndrome of wind-cold obstructing collaterals.Methods Ninety cervical spondylotic radiculopathy patients with syndrome of wind-cold obstructing collaterals were randomly allocated to groups A, B and C, 30 cases each. Group A received electroacupuncture plus oral administration of modified Ramuli Cinnamomi and Puerariae decoction; group B, electroacupuncture alone; group C, oral administration of modified Ramuli Cinnamomi and Puerariae decoction alone. The traditional Chinese medical syndrome score and the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) score were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment and the clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results The total efficacy rate was 96.7% in group A, 86.7% in group B and 83.3% in group C. There was a statistically significant difference in the total efficacy rate between group A and group B or C (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the traditional Chinese medical syndrome score and the NPQ score in the three groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in pre-/post-treatment traditional Chinese medical syndrome score and NPQ score difference values between group A and group B or C (P<0.05).Conclusion Combined use of acupuncture and medicine is an effective way to treat cervical spondylotic radiculopathy with syndrome of wind-cold obstructing collaterals.

Objective Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) has been reported with a close correlation with tumor multi-drug resistance. Real-time quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR) was performed to detect the MRP1 gene expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and its clinical signiifcance was analyzed. Methods Sixty-seven denovo ALL patients and 10 healthier children as bone marrow donor were studied. The chemotherapy was given according to CCLG-2008 protocol. SPSS software was employed to analyze the data and p-value below 0.05 was regarded as statistic signiifcance. Results MRP1 expression level showed a close correlation with ALL risk, the median of MRP1 expression was 4.28 (2.75~6.12), 5.62 (4.99~8.60) and 7.56 (3.66~11.13) for standard-risk group (SR), intermediate-risk group (IR) and high-risk group (HR), respectively. MRP1 mRNA expression in T-ALL group was 7.71 (6.49~14.35), which is higher than that of B-ALL (5.18(3.89~8.46)) (P<0.01). The rate of leukemia cells’ sensitivity to prednisone on 7th day was 70.6%in high expression group (n=34), which was signiifcantly lower than that in low expression group (n=33, 90.9%, P=0.035). The complete remission rateon 33th day was 64.7%in high expression group, and 87.9%in low expression group, which showed a signiifcant difference between them (P=0.026). Conclusions In children ALL, the expression of MRP1 is closely related with immunophenotyping, treatment response, hazard level and disease relapse.

Objective To investigate the applicative value of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) in the differential diagnosis of small hypoechoic thyroid nodules.Methods 31 patients were pathologically confirmed as having a total of 44 small hypoechoic thyroid nodules ≤ 1 cm in diameter,followed by analyses of the characteristics of their ARFI images,including virtual touch tissue imaging (VTI) and virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ).Based on VTI images of the nodules,the hardness of small hypoechoic thyroid nodules was respectively scored,and the ratios of VTI images to gray scale image areas were calculated.With pathological diagnosis as the gold standard,VTI scores,area ratios and VTQ values of the ROC curve in diagnosis of thyroid malignant nodules were sketched so as to explore the optimal cut-off points in VTI scores,area ratios and VTQ values in the diagnosis of malignant nodules.Results By the ROC curve test,VTI score of 3 was determined as the cut-off point of areas ratio,with the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing thyroid cancer being 96.0 ％ and 94.7％,respectively.There were 34 nodules with VTI score greater than 3 (including 9 benign nodules and 25 malignant nodules) and 10 nodules with VTI score of 3 or less (all benign nodules).Malignant thyroid nodules had higher ratio of VTI images to gray scale image area than that of the benign nodules (1.58 ± 0.18 vs 1.30 ± 0.10,P ＜0.05).When 1.47 was set as the cut-off point of areas ratio,the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing thyroid cancer were 80.0％ and 94.7％,respectively.The VTQ value of 2.76 m/s in diagnosis of thyroid malignant nodules was designated as the cut-off point,with a sensitivity of 88.0 ％,specificity of 94.7 ％.Conclusions The ARFI technique is able to provide information of thyroid nodule hardness,which guarantees its high applicative value in the differential diagnosis of small hypoechoic thyroid nodules.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expressions of CTGF and OPN and detect their clinical value and correlation in the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and paracancerous tissues. METHOD: SP immunohistochemical method was used for the assays of CTGF and OPN on the routinely paraffin-embedded sections of surgical operated specimens of 41 cases with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 20 ones with paracancerous tissues. RESULT: The positive rate of CTGF and the score were significantly lower in cancer tissues than those in paracancerous tissues (61.0% vs 90.0%, P < 0.05; 2.41 +/- 1.60 vs 4.24 +/- 1.42, P < 0.01), but those of OPN were opposite (61.0% vs 15.0%, P < 0.01; 3. 10 +/- 1.63 vs 1.12 +/- 0.84, P < 0.01). The positive rates and scores of CTGF were significantly higher in the cases without-metastasis of lymph node and clinical stage T1 than those in the ones with-metastasis of lymph node and clinical stage T3 (P < 0.01) . The positive rates and scores of OPN were significantly lower in the cases without-metastasis of lymph node, clinical stage T1 and histological grade I those that in the ones with-metastasis of lymph node, Clinical stage T3 and histological grade III (P < 0.01). The closely negative correlation was found between the score of CTGF and that of OPN. CONCLUSION The expression of CTGF and/or OPN might be important biological markers in reflecting the progression, biological behaviors, metastatic potential and prognosis of the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteopontin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the correlation of venous return disturbance (VRD), bone marrow edema (BME) and the amount of joint fluid with clinical symptoms in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).

METHODSTwenty patients (25 hips) with ONFH proved by pathology were parallelly examined by 1.5 T MR and medullograph.

RESULTIn total 25 hips VRD was observed in 16 hips with medullograph and 13 hips with the clinical symptoms (P <0.05). BME was found in 17 with MRI (P <0.01), and the was found in 15 hips with MRI (Spearman=0.949). VRD were found in 16 hydrarthrus.

CONCLUSIONONFH patients with clinical symptoms have VRD, BME and the hydrarthrus. The medullograph is of value in monitoring the development of ONFH.

Adult ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Edema ; pathology ; Female ; Femur Head ; blood supply ; Femur Head Necrosis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Hip Joint ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Regional Blood Flow ; physiology ; Veins ; physiopathology

Objective To establish a HPLC-MS/MS method for deter-mination of human plasma concentrations of Bezafibrate , and for the study of pharmacokinetic characteristics of bezafibrate ( two formulations ) . Methods Chromatographic separation was using Welch Ultimate C 18 column (5 μm, 2.1 mm ×50 mm) with gradient elution ( A: acetoni-trile, B:water with 0.02% formic acid).Quantification was performed using Q-TRAP MS with multiple-reaction monitoring .Six health sub-jects were divided into three groups and received single 400 mg dose of test preparation or reference preparation in three period .Plasma samples were collected at different time.The concentrations of bezafibrate were determined by LC -MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters and related statistics analysis were calculated by DAS 3.2.7.Results The linear range is 50.0-1.5 ×10 4 ng? mL-1 , and had a good linear relationship ( r=0.996 9 ).The lower limit of quantitation of bezafibrate was 50 ng? mL-1 .The intra-and inter-day precisions were 1.21%-6.36%and 5.73%-7.62%, respectively.And the absolute recoveries of beza-fibrate were range from 67.56%to 77.42%.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of single oral test preparation were:Cmax was (14.52 ±4.78 )μg? mL-1 , tmax was ( 3.00 ±0.89 ) h, t1/2 was ( 2.49 ±0.84 ) h, AUC0-t was ( 52.36 ±6.23 )μg? mL-1? h, AUC0-∞ was (52.48 ±6.19 )μg? mL-1? h.According to the coefficient of variation to estimate sample size was 18 cases.Conclusion This study established a rapid , efficient and sensitive method for the analysis of the concentration of bezafibrate in plasma and also suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of bezafibrate .

Objective To explore the quantitative evaluation of integrity risk prevention and control in public hospitals,provide reference for improving the quality and efficiency of integrity risk prevention and control.Methods Self-designed"Inspection Standards for Integrity Risk Prevention and Control of Power Matters in Public Hospitals"was used to score and rate the power matters provided by each functional department/clinical department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from three aspects:the clarity of power operation process,the accuracy of finding integrity risk points,the effectiveness of prevention and control measures.Results A total of 236 power matters of the hospital were inspected for integrity risk prevention and control,and according to the inspection criteria,57 items were rated as first grade,103 items were rated as second grade,and 76 items were rated as third grade,accounting for 24.15％,43.64％and 32.20％,respectively.The score for the special work of integrity risk prevention and control was 5.82±1.92 points,of which the process dimension score was 2.11±0.75 points,the risk points dimension score was 1.89±0.92 points,the prevention and control dimension score is 1.89± 0.79 points,which reflects the problems of unclear workflow,inaccurate finding of individual risk points,and unspecified prevention and control measures in some units.Conclusion Hospitals should focus on the concreteness,accuracy,salience and quantification in the long-term construction of integrity risk prevention and control from the aspects of thought,behavior,effectiveness and evaluation.

The precise relationship between the degree of pain and the degree of inflammation in the individual remains debated. A quantitative analysis simultaneously applied to the immediate and prolonged painful consequences of inflammation has not yet been done. Thus, the correlations between edema, nociception and hypersensitivity following an inflammatory insult were assessed in rodents. To better understand the therapeutic value of modifying specific aspects of inflammation, the effects of an anti-inflammatory drug were compared to the results. Inbred strains of mice and outbred rats received an intraplantar injection of honeybee venom and the between-group and within-group correlations were calculated for spontaneous nociceptive measures, thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity, and edema and temperature. The effect of indomethacin on the pain and inflammation measures was examined. Edema correlated with spontaneous flinching, licking and lifting of the injected paw (P< or =0.003), and not with thermal or mechanical hypersensitivity. Indomethacin affected edema and spontaneous nociception dose-dependently, and affected hypersensitivity only at the highest dose tested (P< 0.05). These results suggest that edema may contribute only to immediate spontaneous nociceptive responses to an inflammatory insult, and not to the more clinically relevant prolonged hypersensitivity. This analysis represents a method for determining which inflammatory processes are the most promising therapeutic targets against the multiple painful consequences of inflammation.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Bee Venoms ; Edema ; chemically induced ; complications ; Indomethacin ; pharmacology ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; complications ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nociceptors ; physiology ; Pain ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Pain Measurement ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Mounting evidence supports an important role of chemokines, produced by spinal cord astrocytes, in promoting central sensitization and chronic pain. In particular, CCL2 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2) has been shown to enhance N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced currents in spinal outer lamina II (IIo) neurons. However, the exact molecular, synaptic, and cellular mechanisms by which CCL2 modulates central sensitization are still unclear. We found that spinal injection of the CCR2 antagonist RS504393 attenuated CCL2- and inflammation-induced hyperalgesia. Single-cell RT-PCR revealed CCR2 expression in excitatory vesicular glutamate transporter subtype 2-positive (VGLUT2) neurons. CCL2 increased NMDA-induced currents in CCR2/VGLUT2 neurons in lamina IIo; it also enhanced the synaptic NMDA currents evoked by dorsal root stimulation; and furthermore, it increased the total and synaptic NMDA currents in somatostatin-expressing excitatory neurons. Finally, intrathecal RS504393 reversed the long-term potentiation evoked in the spinal cord by C-fiber stimulation. Our findings suggest that CCL2 directly modulates synaptic plasticity in CCR2-expressing excitatory neurons in spinal lamina IIo, and this underlies the generation of central sensitization in pathological pain.
Animals ; Benzoxazines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Chemokine CCL2 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents ; pharmacology ; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists ; pharmacology ; Female ; Freund's Adjuvant ; toxicity ; Hyperalgesia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Long-Term Potentiation ; drug effects ; physiology ; Luminescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Myelitis ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Pain Management ; Somatostatin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Spinal Cord ; cytology ; Spiro Compounds ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism