BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior is highly prevalent in middle school students， which poses a significant risk to the physical and mental health of middle school students， so finding ways to improve the NSSI behavior among middle school students is of great significance for promoting their healthy growth. ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between psychological quality and NSSI behavior among middle school students in western Anhui， and to examine the pathway of coping style in the above relationship. MethodsFrom November to December 2020， 22 872 middle school students in western Anhui were selected using stratified cluster random sampling method， and were subjected to complete the assessment of Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire （ANSAQ）， Adolescent's Psychological Suzhi Scale-Simplified Version （APSS-SV） and Coping Style Scale for Middle School Students （CSSMSS）. Spearman correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation among scores of scales and the frequency of NSSI behavior in middle school students. Amos 23.0 was utilized to test the pathway of coping style in the relationship between psychological quality and NSSI behavior. ResultsA total of 21 718 （94.95%） middle school students completed the effective questionnaire survey. NSSI behavior was detected in 7 798 middle school students （35.91%）. ANSAQ total score and CSSMSS positive coping style score of middle school students were negatively correlated with the frequency of NSSI behavior （r=-0.219， -0.179， P<0.01）. CSSMSS negative coping style score was positively correlated with the frequency of NSSI behavior （r=0.093， P<0.01）. The direct effect value of psychological quality on the frequency of NSSI behavior was -0.136， and the indirect effect value of coping style on the relationship between psychological quality and the frequency of NSSI behavior was -0.084. Among them， the effect value of positive coping style was -0.122， accounting for 55.45% of the total effect， while the effect value of negative coping style was 0.038， accounting for 17.27% of the total effect. ConclusionCoping style may mediate the relationship between psychological quality and NSSI behavior in middle school students， and the positive coping style and negative coping style play separate roles in the pathway of psychological quality on NSSI behavior.［Funded by 2020 Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Provincial Education Department （number， KJ2020B006）］

Objective This paper summarizes and evaluates the existing animal models of Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)based on the clinical diagnostic criteria and symptom characteristics of PI-IBS in Chinese and western medicine.The goal of this study is to seek out animal models with a high degree of clinical agreement between Chinese and western medicine,and to provide an accurate animal model for the prevention and treatment of PI-IBS in traditional Chinese medicine.Methods The animal strains,modelling methods,and mechanisms of the existing PI-IBS animal models were summarized based on the clinical diagnostic features and symptomatology of PI-IBS,as well as the degree of match was evaluated and the strengths and weaknesses of the preparation of animal models were analyzed,by reviewing the articles related to PI-IBS animal experiments and the preparation of animal models.Results A thorough analysis discovered that Campylobacter jejuni infection model,Trichinella infection model,and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome in models of disease and symptom combination showed a comparatively high level of clinical agreement between Chinese and western medicine.Conclusion The existing PI-IBS models had the high degree of coincidence with western medicine,Chinese medicine four diagnoses and syndrome are generally less embodied and collected in the modeling process.The primary symptoms in Chinese medicine diagnosis are primarily based on the observation of animal apparent behaviors,while the observation of the sub-syndrome manifestations is relatively less,which results in failure of judgment of TCM syndrome types.Therefore,it is still necessary to further standardize the criteria for evaluating symptoms and the techniques for identifying disease-syndrome combination animal models.PI-IBS model with the syndrome-clinical characteristics in Chinese and western medicine has significant application value and prospects in the future.The multifactorial composite method of western medicine pathological injury+Chinese medicine etiological stimulation can establish a PI-IBS model with a higher degree of coincidence,which can provide theoretical support for the study of the pathogenesis of PI-IBS,the difference of syndrome,and the prevention and treatment with integrative Chinese and western medicine.It is crucial to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PI-IBS.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have attempted to compare the differences in the prevalence and impact factors of hysterical tendencies (HTs) in adolescents. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine gender differences in the prevalence and impact factors of adolescents' HTs across three eastern Chinese provinces (Anhui, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang). METHODS: A multicenter, school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in three provinces (Anhui, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang) in China in 2014. The sample included 10,131 middle-school students aged 13-18 years who were randomly selected using a multiphase, stratified, cluster sampling technique. A two-stage appraisal procedure was used to determine the adolescents' HTs. We also designed a multicenter, school-based, case control (1329 cases with 2661 control individuals) study to collect data on the common factors affecting this population using a common protocol and questionnaire. RESULTS: An overall positive rate of HTs among adolescents across the three eastern Chinese provinces studied was found at 13.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 12.5-13.8%), at 14.5% (95% CI 13.3-15.7%) for females, and at 12.2% (95% CI 11.1-13.4%) for males. Gender-stratified, multiple conditional regression analyses revealed that superstitious beliefs pertaining to life, somatotype, teacher-student satisfaction, and family achievement orientation were significantly linked to HTs only in males, while left-behind adolescents, emotional and social adaptation, teacher-student support, family cohesion, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - depression scores were significantly associated with female HTs only. The models indicated that of all the independent variables studied, family medical history was the strongest impact factor for both male HTs (adjusted matched odds ratio (amOR) = 2.92, 95% CI = 1.84-4.86) and female HTs (amOR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.59-4.98). CONCLUSIONS HTs are prevalent among adolescents in the three eastern Chinese provinces studied. Gender differences in the prevalence and impact factors of HTs are significant in adolescents, and HTs seem to affect more females than males. Therefore, sex-specific intervention programs against HTs in adolescents should be considered to reduce HT prevalence in adolescents by modifying influential social, school, and family factors.
Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; psychology ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Histrionic Personality Disorder ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Students ; psychology