Objective To investigate the protective effects of basic fibroblast fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) on local skin tissue injury caused by adriamycin(doxorubicin hydrochloride) extravasation in rabbit model. Methods The rabbit mod-els of driamycin extravasation were established by injecting in 54 adult male New Zealand white rabbits. Totally, 54 rabbits were divided into three groups:bFGF group, magnesium group and control group. The three groups were respec-tively given bFGF, magnesium sulfate, and the non-intervention topilally at three segments 30 min, 24 h, 72 h after the successful establishment of the models. The degrees of local skin tissue damage after the intervention was evaluated by naked eye and light microscope at 6 time points(3 d, 5 d, 8 d, 11 d, 14 d, 22 d) were recorded and compared. Analysis of variance and LSD-t test were used for statistics. Results (1)Visual observation results:The lesion scores in the bFGF group were significantly lower than that in the magnesium group 30 min after driamycin extravasation (P<0.05). The lesion scores between the three groups were not statistically significant 24 h after driamycin extravasation (P>0.05). The lesion scores in the bFGF group were significantly lower than that in the magnesium group and the control group 72 h after driamycin extravasation(P<0.05). (2) Pathological observations results: The pathological lesion scores in the bFGF group were lower than that in the control group 30 min after driamycin extravasation (P=0.049). The pathological le-sion scores in the bFGF group were significantly lower than that in the magnesium sulfate group and the control group 24 h and 72 h after driamycin extravasation (P<0.05). The pathological lesion scores between 24 h and 72 h after driamycin extravasation were significant differences in the bFGF group and magnesium group (P<0.05). Conclusion The bFGF has protective effects on the skin injury caused by adriamycin extravasation, and its therapeutic effect is better than magnesium sulfate.