Female ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheotomy ; methods

Objective To investigate the expressions of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) in brain hippocampus of rat with chronic fluorosis,and to reveal the mechanism of brain damage resulted from chronic fluorosis.Methods Sixty clean grade SD rats were randomly divided to three groups(20 rats in each group,10 female and 10 male) fed with different contents of fluoride,control group with normal tap-water(＜ 0.5 mg/L fluoride),small dosage of fluoride exposure group(10 mg/L fluoride in tap-water) and large dosage of fluoride exposure group(50 mg/L fluoride) for six months.Then the rats were killed by femoral artery bleeding and hippocampus was removed.Protein and mRNA levels of RAGE and NF-κB in the hippocampus were determined by Western blotting and quantitative real time PCR,respectively.Results As compared to the control groups[(100.00 ± 2.60)％,(100.00 ± 7.80)％],the expressions of RAGE and NF-κB at protein level in the hippocampus were significantly increased in the small dosage of fluoride exposure groups [(205.00 ± 15.30)％,(156.00 ± 12.20)％] and the large dosage of fluoride exposure groups[(232.00 ± 10.90)％,(162.00 ± 9.80)％,all P ＜ 0.05]; for the mRNA level of RAGE and NF-κB,the expressions were higher in the small dosage of fluoride exposure groups(1.27 ± 0.09,0.83 ± 0.15) and the large dosage of fluoride exposure groups (2.60 ± 0.19,1.27 ± 0.19) than those of the control groups(0.66 ± 0.18,0.32 ± 0.08,all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions The increased expressions of RAGE and NF-κB in the hippocampus of rat brain are caused by chronic fluorosis,and these changes may be associated with the mechanism of nerve injury.

Objective Aim of the study is to investigate the expression of syndecan-4 and nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) in the kidney of rat with chronic fluorosis,and to reveal the mechanism of kidney damage resulted from the toxicity of excessive amount of fluoride.Methods According to body mass and sex,sixty SD rats were randomly divided to three groups according to body mass and fed with different contents of fluoride:control group with normal tap-water(＜ 0.5 mg/L fluoride),small dosage of fluoride exposure group (adding 10 mg/L fluoride in tap-water) and large dosage of fluoride exposure group (50 mg/L fluoride) for six months.The protein level of syndecan-4 and NF-κB in the kidney was detected by Western blotting and syndecan-4 mRNA level by quantitative real time PCR.Results As compared to the control group[(100.0 + 8.1)％],the expression of syndecan-4 at protein level in the kidney of rat was significantly increased in the small dosage of fluoride exposure group [(198.5 + 5.6)％,P ＜ 0.05] and large dosage of fluoride exposure group [(209.2 + 13.0)％,P ＜ 0.05]; the protein levels of NF-κB in the small dosage of fluoride exposure group[(284.4 + 11.1)％,P ＜ 0.05] and in the large dosage of fluoride exposure group[(343.2 + 2.9)％,P ＜ 0.05] were significantly increased than that of the control group[(100.0 ± 10.7)％].The mRNA levels of syndecan-4 in the kidney in the small dosage of fluoride exposure group and large dosage of fluoride exposure group(0.431 + 0.058 and 0.453 ± 0.065,both P ＜ 0.05,respectively) were significantly increased than that of the control(0.128 + 0.026).Conclusions The increased expression of NF-κB in the kidney is induced by increased expression of syndecan-4,which may be involved in kidney damage of chronic fluorosis.

20 % . In both groups CH was induced with infusion of 0.01 % NTP at a rate 0.5-6.0 ?g?kg-1?min-1 to maintain MAP at 55-65 mm Hg. MAP, HR, CVP and CO were continuously monitored. Arterial lactate concentration was measured by enzyme assay. Arterial and mixed venous blood gases were analyzed, and oxygen delivery (DO2 ) and consumption (VO2) were calculated before AHH (T0) after AHH was performed (T1), 30 min after CH was induced (T2) and 30 min after termination of CH (T3) in group Ⅰ and in group Ⅱ before CH (T1), 30 min after induction of CH (T2) and 30 rain after termination of CH (T3 ) .ResultsIn group Ⅰ(AHH + CH) compared with the baseline values (T0 ) HR significantly decreased while CVP significantly increased after AHH (T1 ) ; cardiac output (CO) significantly increased after AHH (T1 ) and during CH (T2) while DO2 was significantly decreased after AHH (T1) and CH (T3 ) but arterial lactate concentration was significantly decreased during and after CH (T2, T3). In group Ⅱ (CH alone) compared with the baseline values (T1) HR significantly increased while CVP significantly decreased during and after CH (T2, T3 ) ; there was no significant change in CO and DO2 at T2 and T3 but arterial lactate concentration significantly increased during and after CH (T2, T3). There was significantly less blood loss during operation in group I than in group Ⅱ . ConclusionThere was tissue deoxygenation during and after deliberate hypotension as shown by increased arterial lactate concentration while AHH combined with CH can improve tissue perfusion and oxygenation. AHH can also maintain hemodynamic stability during CH.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling on balance and walking function in patients after stroke and its mechanism. Methods:A total of 79 patients with post-stroke balance and walking dysfunction were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group.Both groups received conventional treatments such as dietary guidance and oral medications as well as rehabilitation training.On this basis,the control group was treated with additional conventional acupuncture,and the observation group was treated with additional back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling.Both groups were treated for 4 consecutive weeks.The thickness of abdominal muscle group(transverse abdominal muscle,rectus abdominis,obliquus internus abdominis,and obliquus externus abdominis),the scores of Berg balance scale(BBS),Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA),and functional ambulation categories(FAC),and walking velocity and stride were compared between the two groups. Results:During the trial,there was 1 dropout case in the control group and 4 dropout cases in the observation group.Before treatment,there were no statistical differences in the abdominal muscle group thickness,scores of BBS,FMA,and FAC,and walking velocity and stride between the two groups(P>0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the thickness of abdominal muscle groups,scores of BBS,FMA,and FAC,and walking velocity and stride in both groups were improved(P<0.01),and the observation group was superior to the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Both conventional acupuncture and back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling are conducive to the improvement of balance and walking function in patients after stroke.The back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling method has better curative efficacy.Strengthening the core muscle group strength may be one of the mechanisms of back-Shu and front-Mu points combination needling treatment.

Objective To identify the hemolysin BL(HBL) gene from Bacillus cereus of patients with endophthalmitis comfirmed by API bacterial identification test strip,and detect its biological activity in vitro.Methods Three pairs of specific primers were designed according to the gene sequence of HBL(B,L1 and L2 components),then the PCR assay were established through condition optimization,and to further detect five Bacillus cereus strains isolated from clinical patients with endophthalmitis.HBL with biological activity was extracted by salt fractionation from a randomly selected strain,and a series of different concentrations of HBL were prepared and acted on sheep red blood cells(SRBC),Vero cells and Hela cells; virulence of HBL was also assessed through observating lethal effect of which on mice with intraperitoneal injection.Results Three genes of HBL were detected in all B.cereus strains from clinical patients; Strong hemolytic activity of HBL showed obvious time-and dose-dependent.In the study,we found the morphological changes of Vero and Hela cells caused by HBL were different,but cell death were the same result with contents released; Within 48 h after infection,lethality of HBL for mice showed 100％ with the concentration of more than 2.0 HU/ml,and was also in a time-and dose-dependent manner.Conclusion HBL isolated from B.Cereus had high hemolysis activity and low concentration.The expression of all BL genes provided a strong basis for the clinical feature of B.Cereus infection,which was developed rapidly and with a poor prognosis.It also provided a new method for rapid diagnosis and molecular epidemiology investigation in clinical.

Objective To establish a TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to detect Vibrio vulnificus based on hemolysin gene(vvhA)that coding cytolysin.Method By using software Primer Express, the PCR primers and TaqMan probe,which located in the conserved region of vvhA gene sequence,were designed for establishment of a TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to detect 100 bp amplicon from V.vulnificus DNA.A recombinant plasmid pMD19-vvhA100 as a positive control during detection was constructed using gene cloning technique.Minimal amplification cycles(Ct value)and fluorescence intensity enhancement (△Rn value)were used as observing index to optimize the reaction conditions of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.The DNAs with different concentrations from V.vulnificus and other eight bacteria and pMD19- vvhA100 were applied as templates to determine the specificity,sensitivity and reappearance of the TaqMan real- time fluorescent quantitative PCR.ICR mice were intraperitoneally,subcutaneously and orally infected with V. vulnificus,respectively.The detection effect of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was measured using the specimens of peripheral blood,subcutaneous tissue and intestinal content collected from the infected mice.Results The established TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR showed positive results only for V. vulnificus DNA and pMD19-vvhA100.The detection effectiveness of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was as high as 0.01 ng of V.vulnificus DNA or 103 copies of pMD19-vvhA100.The SD values of the detection results repeated for three times using pMD19-vvhA100 with different concentrations were lease than 0.79. The detection results of TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were positive for all the specimens of peripheral blood and subcutaneous tissue.Conclusions The TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR established in this study for V.vulnificus vvhA gene detection has advantages such as quickness,stability, sensitivity and specificity,indicating this method can be used for clinical laboratory diagnosis of septicemia and wound infection caused by V.vulnificus.

Objective To evaluate image quality of 640-slice coronary CT angiography by combined anesthesia in Tibet minipigs. Methods Tibet minipigs underwent 640-slice coronary CT angiography after anesthesia with xylazine hydrochloride and pentobarbital sodium. The effect of anesthesia was observed and the image quality was evaluated.Results The anesthesia maintained in 40 minutes.The heart rate was (66.66±6.62)beat per minutes.The respiratory frequency was (15.62±1.53)beat per minutes.The revived time was 30 -60 minutes. All of images were good enough to be diagnosed.Conclusion Combined anesthesia with xylazine hydrochloride and pentobarbital sodium has excellent anesthetic effect.It is also simple,convenient and safe.Therefore,it is one of ideal anesthetic methods on such study for 640-slice coronary CT angiography in Tibet minipigs.

Objective:To study of change of Th17 cell and IL-17 caused by bacteria biofilm after infection.Methods: To detect biofilm formation ability of bacteria isolated from bronchus alveolus washing-water of patients;to detect expressing ratios of Th17 cells and IL-17 level in peripheral blood of patients and healthy person;to detect expressing ratios of Th17 cells and IL-17 level in bronchus alveolus washing-water of patients;to analyze the above data using SPSS17.0 software.Results: Expressing ratios of Th17 cells and IL-17 level in peripheral blood of patients infected by producing biofilm and non-producing biofilm bacteria and healthy person are respectively(0.59±0.18)%and(108.8±20.5)pg/ml,(0.58±0.18)%and(100.1±20.7)pg/ml,(0.55±0.17)% and(100.0± 21.4)pg/ml,they were not different among data from patients and healthy person,P>0.05,expressing ratios of Th17 cells and IL-17 level in bronchus alveolus washing-water of patients infected by producing biofilm and non-producing biofilm bacteria were respective (1.37±0.34)%,(157.4±30.8)pg/ml and(1.11±0.21)%,(136.2±24.3)mg/ml,the data between patients infected by producing biofilm and non-producing biofilm bacteria were distinctly different, P<0.05.Conclusion: Bacteria biofilm can cause Th17 cell expressing ratio and IL-17 level to become high in infected part,this may be mechanism that infection become chronic.