No abstract available.
Animals ; Lordosis*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Lordosis*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Lordosis* ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Humans ; Lordosis*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Back Pain* ; Lordosis*

STUDY DESIGN: Literature review. OBJECTIVES: To present updated information on the relationship of the pelvis and lumbar degenerative disease (LDD) patients and to emphasize the importance of the pelvis in sagittal alignment of LDD patients. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Although the relationship of the pelvis and sagittal alignment of LDD patients is controversial, many authors have reported a significant impact of the pelvis on LDD sagittal alignment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors identified references through a literature search on the pelvis and LDD and continuous monitoring of the literature during the past 30 years. RESULTS: The pelvis and lumbar levels were related to whole-body sagittal alignment. The pelvis is also closely related to sagittal alignment of LDD patients. Therefore, the entire area should be regarded as a lumbopelvic complex. CONCLUSIONS: We need to consider the concept of a lumbopelvic joint and lumbopelvic lordosis, not a lumbosacral joint and lumbar lordosis. We must also evaluate the lumbopelvic complex to assess whole-body sagittal alignment and dynamic balance.
Animals ; Humans ; Joints ; Lordosis ; Pelvis*

The low lumbar spine is deeply located in flexible segments, and has a physiologic lordosis. Therefore, burst fractures of the low lumbar spine are uncommon injuries. The treatment for such injuries may either be conservative or surgical management according to canal compromise and the neurological status. However, there are no general guidelines or consensus for the treatment of low lumbar burst fractures especially in neurologically intact cases with severe canal compromise. We report a patient with a burst fracture of the fourth lumbar vertebra, who was treated surgically but without fusion because of the neurologically intact status in spite of severe canal compromise of more than 85%. It was possible to preserve motion segments by removal of screws at one year later. We also discuss why bone fusion was not necessary with review of the relevant literature.
Animals ; Consensus ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Spine

STUDY DESIGN: A stratified sampling and retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the quantitative change in the sagittal rotation of the whole lumbar spine and adjacent segments after a lower lumbar segmental fusion in humans, according to the site, length, lordosis, age and gender. LITERATURE REVIEW SUMMARY: There have been many reports on experimental animal and human cadaveric studies. However, comparative studies on real patients are very rare. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred cases of lumbar segmental fusion were selected by stratified sampling. These were divided into 5 groups: L34, L45, L5S1, L345 and L45S1, with each group containing 20 cases. Maximum flexion and extension decubitus films were checked preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. The sagittal rotation of the whole lumbar spine and adjacent segments were compared. Statistical analyses were carried out with paired t, chi square test and ANOVA, according to the characteristics of variance. RESULTS: The sagittal rotation of the whole lumbar spine was reduced significantly, from 32.9+/-10.6 degrees to 24.6+/-10.7 degrees, postoperatively (p=0.000). The reduction in 2 segment fusion (10.1+/-11.3 degrees) was greater than for 1 segment fusion (8.4+/-11.6 degrees), but this was not statistically significant (p=0.462), there were no differences between the group (p=0.560). Sagittal rotation of the proximal adjacent segment was increased significantly, from 5.6+/-3.2 degree to 7.7+/-4.1 degrees, postoperatively (p=0.000). The increment for a 2 segment fusion (2.8+/-4.4 degrees) was greater than for a 1 segment fusion (1.7+/-4.2 degrees), but this was not significant (p=0.204), and there were no differences between the groups (p=0.350). The sagittal rotation of the distal adjacent segment showed only a trivial change from, 7.7+/-4.7 degrees to 7.0+/-5.2 degrees(p=0.314). CONCLUSIONS: After the fusion of one or two segments of the lumbar spine, the sagittal rotation of the whole lumbar spine decreased by about 25%, i.e. patients were considered to conform to a reduced number of motion segments, but the rotation of proximal adjacent segments increased by about 37%. However, the distal adjacent segment showed no changes, i.e. adjacent segment degeneration can develop at the proximal site more frequently. Differences according to the level, age, gender and lordotic angle were not significant.
Animals ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

STUDY DESIGN: A stratified sampling and retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the quantitative change in the sagittal rotation of the whole lumbar spine and adjacent segments after a lower lumbar segmental fusion in humans, according to the site, length, lordosis, age and gender. LITERATURE REVIEW SUMMARY: There have been many reports on experimental animal and human cadaveric studies. However, comparative studies on real patients are very rare. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred cases of lumbar segmental fusion were selected by stratified sampling. These were divided into 5 groups: L34, L45, L5S1, L345 and L45S1, with each group containing 20 cases. Maximum flexion and extension decubitus films were checked preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. The sagittal rotation of the whole lumbar spine and adjacent segments were compared. Statistical analyses were carried out with paired t, chi square test and ANOVA, according to the characteristics of variance. RESULTS: The sagittal rotation of the whole lumbar spine was reduced significantly, from 32.9+/-10.6 degrees to 24.6+/-10.7 degrees, postoperatively (p=0.000). The reduction in 2 segment fusion (10.1+/-11.3 degrees) was greater than for 1 segment fusion (8.4+/-11.6 degrees), but this was not statistically significant (p=0.462), there were no differences between the group (p=0.560). Sagittal rotation of the proximal adjacent segment was increased significantly, from 5.6+/-3.2 degree to 7.7+/-4.1 degrees, postoperatively (p=0.000). The increment for a 2 segment fusion (2.8+/-4.4 degrees) was greater than for a 1 segment fusion (1.7+/-4.2 degrees), but this was not significant (p=0.204), and there were no differences between the groups (p=0.350). The sagittal rotation of the distal adjacent segment showed only a trivial change from, 7.7+/-4.7 degrees to 7.0+/-5.2 degrees(p=0.314). CONCLUSIONS: After the fusion of one or two segments of the lumbar spine, the sagittal rotation of the whole lumbar spine decreased by about 25%, i.e. patients were considered to conform to a reduced number of motion segments, but the rotation of proximal adjacent segments increased by about 37%. However, the distal adjacent segment showed no changes, i.e. adjacent segment degeneration can develop at the proximal site more frequently. Differences according to the level, age, gender and lordotic angle were not significant.
Animals ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

OBJECTIVE: The retrospective study is undertaken to report clinical results of anterior cervical interbody fusion with an intradiscal cage with an integrated plate (PCB cervical plating system). METHODS: 38 patients underwent anterior cervical interbody fusion with PCB cervical plating system and followed 6~24 months. The authors investigated overall surgical results; clinical outcome, fusion rate, change of interspace height & lordotic angle, and complications. RESULTS: No complication was observed during the operation. Clinical improvement was identified in 34 cases (89.5%). Bone fusion observed in 44 out of 49 sites (90.7%). After operation, the interspace height increased from 5.4+/-1.3 mm to 7.8+/-1.5 mm and maintained 7.4+/-1.1 mm and, interspace angle went up from 4.2+/-0.7 degrees to 4.8+/-1.1 degrees and maintained 4.6+/-0.9 degrees. The loosening of screw was observed in 6 cases, one of which had reoperation because of the expulsion of the device accompanied. CONCLUSION: PCB cervical plating system could restore interbody height and lordosis in anterior cervical interbody fusion. But, if the insertion of the spacer is not precise, the frequencies of hardware failure are relatively high. It is considered necessary for the operator to be careful in the procedure.
Animals ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies